Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. The name of the city, originally Pleskov (historic Russian spelling Плѣсковъ , Plěskov ), may be loosely translated as "[the town] of purling waters". It was historically known in English as Plescow . [10]
Its earliest mention comes in 903, [11] which records that Igor of Kiev married a local lady, Olga (later Saint Olga of Kiev). [12] Pskovians sometimes take this year as the city's foundation date, and in 2003 a great jubilee took place to celebrate Pskov's 1,100th anniversary.
The first prince of Pskov was Vladimir the Great 's youngest son Sudislav . Once imprisoned by his brother Yaroslav , he was not released until the latter's death several decades later. In the 12th and 13th centuries, the town adhered politically to the Novgorod Republic . In 1241, it was taken by the Teutonic Knights , but Alexander Nevsky recaptured it several months later during a legendary campaign dramatized in Sergei Eisenstein 's 1938 movie Alexander Nevsky .
In order to secure their independence from the knights, the Pskovians elected a Lithuanian prince, named Daumantas , a Roman Catholic converted to Orthodox faith and known in Russia as Dovmont, as their military leader and prince in 1266. Having fortified the town, Daumantas routed the Teutonic Knights at Rakvere and overran much of Estonia. His remains and sword are preserved in the local kremlin , and the core of the citadel, erected by him, still bears the name of "Dovmont's town".
In 1341 the city recognized overlordship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania , in 1347 it switched allegiance to the Novgorod Republic , and the following year it became the capital of the newly independent Pskov Republic . [13]
By the 14th century, the town functioned as the capital of a de facto sovereign republic . Its most powerful force was the merchants who traded with the Hanseatic League . Pskov's independence was formally recognized by Novgorod in 1348. [13] Several years later, the veche promulgated a law code (called the Pskov Charter ), which was one of the principal sources of the all-Russian law code issued in 1497.
Already in the 13th century German merchants were present in Zapskovye area of Pskov and the Hanseatic League had a trading post in the same area in the first half of 16th century which moved to Zavelichye after a fire in 1562. [14] [15] The wars with Livonian Order, Poland-Lithuania and Sweden interrupted the trade but it was maintained until the 17th century, with Swedish merchants gaining the upper hand eventually. [15]
Year | ||
---|---|---|
1882 | 21,170 | — |
1897 | 30,388 | +43.5% |
1989 | 203,789 | +570.6% |
2002 | 202,780 | −0.5% |
2010 | 203,279 | +0.2% |
2021 | 193,082 | −5.0% |
Source: |
The importance of the city made it the subject of numerous sieges throughout its history. The Pskov Krom (or Kremlin) withstood twenty-six sieges in the 15th century alone. At one point, five stone walls ringed it, making the city practically impregnable. A local school of icon -painting flourished, and the local masons were considered the best in Russia. Many peculiar features of Russian architecture were first introduced in Pskov.
Finally, in 1510, the city was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow . [17] Three hundred families were deported from Pskov to central Russia, [13] and merchants and military families from Muscovy were settled in the city. At this time Pskov had at least 6,500 households and a population of more than 30,000; it was one of the three biggest cities of Muscovy, alongside Moscow and Novgorod. [18] [19]
The deportation of noble families to Moscow under Ivan IV in 1570 is a subject of Rimsky-Korsakov 's opera Pskovityanka (1872). Pskov still attracted enemy armies and it withstood a prolonged siege by a 50,000-strong Polish-Lithuanian army during the final stage of the Livonian War (1581–1582). The king of Poland Stephen Báthory undertook some thirty-one attacks to storm the city, which was defended mainly by civilians. Even after one of the city walls was broken, the Pskovians managed to fill the gap and repel the attack. "A big city, it is like Paris", wrote Báthory's secretary about Pskov. [20]
The estimates of the population of Pskov land in the middle of 16th century range from 150 to 300 thousand. Famines, epidemics (especially the epidemic of 1552) and the warfare led to a five-fold decrease of the population by 1582–1585 due to mortality and migration. [21] [22]
The city withstood a siege by the Swedish in 1615. The successful defence of the city led to the peace negotiations culminating in the Treaty of Stolbovo .
Peter the Great 's conquest of Estonia and Livonia during the Great Northern War in the early 18th century spelled the end of Pskov's traditional role as a vital border fortress and a key to Russia's interior. As a consequence, the city's importance and well-being declined dramatically, although it served as a seat of separate Pskov Governorate since 1777. In 1897, the ethnic make-up, by mother tongue, was 80.0% Russian, 5.7% Polish , 4.7% Jewish, 4.3% German, 2.4% Latvian, 2.1% Estonian. [16]
During World War I , Pskov became the headquarters for Russia's Northern Front , commanded by Nikolai Ruzsky . On 15 March 1917, aboard the Imperial train , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated here. [23] After the Russo-German Brest-Litovsk Peace Conference (22 December 1917 – 3 March 1918), the Imperial German Army invaded the area.
Pskov was also occupied by the Estonian army between 25 May 1919 and 28 August 1919 during the Estonian War of Independence when the White Russian commander Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz became the military administrator of Pskov. He personally ceded most of his responsibilities to a democratically elected municipal duma and focused on both cultural and economical recovery of the war-impoverished city. He also put an end to censorship of press and allowed for creation of several socialist associations and newspapers.
Under the Soviet government, large parts of the city were rebuilt, many ancient buildings, particularly churches, were demolished to give space for new constructions. During World War II , in June 1940, the Soviet 8th Army invaded Estonia and Latvia from the city. [24] The medieval citadel provided little protection against modern artillery of the Wehrmacht, and Pskov suffered substantial damage during the German occupation from 9 July 1941 until 23 July 1944. The Germans operated a forced labour camp for Jewish men and women. [25] In February 1944, thousands of people were killed during Russian bombings of the city. [26] A huge portion of the population died during the war, and Pskov has since struggled to regain its traditional position as a major industrial and cultural center of western Russia.
Pskov is the administrative center of the oblast and, within the framework of administrative divisions , it also serves as the administrative center of Pskovsky District , even though it is not a part of it. [1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the City of Pskov —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts . [1] As a municipal division , the City of Pskov is incorporated as Pskov Urban Okrug . [4]
. Relevant discussion may be found on the . Please help by . – ) |
Pskov still preserves much of its medieval walls, built from the 13th century on. Its medieval citadel is called either the Krom or the Kremlin. Within its walls rises the 256-foot-tall (78 m) Trinity Cathedral , founded in 1138 and rebuilt in the 1690s. The cathedral contains the tombs of saint princes Vsevolod (died in 1138) and Dovmont (died in 1299). Other ancient cathedrals adorn the Mirozhsky Monastery (completed by 1152), famous for its 12th-century frescoes , St. John's (completed by 1243), and the Snetogorsky monastery (built in 1310 and stucco-painted in 1313).
Pskov is exceedingly rich in tiny, squat, picturesque churches, dating mainly from the 15th and the 16th centuries. There are many dozens of them, the most notable being St. Basil's on the Hill (1413), St. Kozma and Demian's near the Bridge (1463), St. George's from the Downhill (1494), Assumption from the Ferryside (1444, 1521), and St. Nicholas' from Usokha (1536). The 17th-century residential architecture is represented by merchant mansions , such as the Salt House, the Pogankin Palace, and the Trubinsky mansion.
Among the sights in the vicinity of Pskov are Izborsk , a seat of Rurik 's brother in the 9th century and one of the most formidable fortresses of medieval Russia; the Pskov Monastery of the Caves , the oldest continually functioning monastery in Russia (founded in the mid-15th century) and a magnet for pilgrims from all over the country; the 16th-century Krypetsky Monastery ; Yelizarov Convent , which used to be a great cultural and literary center of medieval Russia; and Mikhaylovskoye , a family home of Alexander Pushkin where he wrote some of the best known lines in the Russian language . The national poet of Russia is buried in the ancient cloister at the Holy Mountains nearby. Unfortunately, the area presently [ when? ] has only a minimal tourist infrastructure , and the historic core of Pskov requires serious investments to realize its great tourist potential.
On 7 July 2019, the Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site . [27]
Vehicle emissions reach 83% of total emissions from stationary and mobile sources. The volume of emissions of atmospheric pollutants from stationary sources in 2007 amounted to 16.5 thousand tons, including 7.1 thousand tons (43.2%) of carbon monoxide and 2.6 thousand tons (15.8%) of solids. The largest source of air pollution in Pskov is Pskov Poultry Farm LLC (1365.92 tons of pollutants were emitted) and the Pskov Heating Networks SE (478.12 tons). All rivers flowing through the territory of the Pskov Oblast, including the city of Pskov, are characterized by increased concentrations of total iron , copper ions, and hardly oxidizable organic compounds in the water.
The following indicators characterize air pollution in Pskov:
Since the late 1990s, the Clean Water project officially registered by United Russia in 2006 has been implemented. [29] Improving the quality of drinking water is planned to be carried out by gradually abandoning surface water intake from the Velikaya River and transitioning to the extraction of water from underground sources. [30] However, underground water intake leads to the clogging of hot water supply systems (up to complete obstruction) in those facilities where this water enters [31] [32] [33] due to its increased hardness. [34] [35]
The climate of Pskov is humid continental ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ) with maritime influences due to the city's relative proximity to the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland ; with relatively mild (for Russia) but still quite long winter and warm summer. Further west in Europe on the same latitude, winters are quite a bit milder and summer highs a bit cooler. Summer and fall have more precipitation than winter and spring.
Climate data for Pskov (1991-2020, extremes 1874–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 9.8 (49.6) | 11.3 (52.3) | 19.3 (66.7) | 27.6 (81.7) | 32.0 (89.6) | 35.3 (95.5) | 35.7 (96.3) | 35.6 (96.1) | 30.3 (86.5) | 22.6 (72.7) | 14.1 (57.4) | 12.4 (54.3) | 35.6 (96.1) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) | −1.8 (28.8) | 3.4 (38.1) | 11.7 (53.1) | 18.1 (64.6) | 21.7 (71.1) | 24.1 (75.4) | 22.5 (72.5) | 16.7 (62.1) | 9.2 (48.6) | 2.9 (37.2) | −0.6 (30.9) | 10.5 (50.9) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.7 (23.5) | −5.0 (23.0) | −0.7 (30.7) | 6.3 (43.3) | 12.2 (54.0) | 16.2 (61.2) | 18.6 (65.5) | 16.9 (62.4) | 11.7 (53.1) | 5.8 (42.4) | 0.8 (33.4) | −2.6 (27.3) | 6.3 (43.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −7.4 (18.7) | −8.2 (17.2) | −4.5 (23.9) | 1.3 (34.3) | 6.3 (43.3) | 10.6 (51.1) | 13.1 (55.6) | 11.6 (52.9) | 7.3 (45.1) | 2.6 (36.7) | −1.4 (29.5) | −4.9 (23.2) | 2.2 (36.0) |
Record low °C (°F) | −40.6 (−41.1) | −37.6 (−35.7) | −29.7 (−21.5) | −20.9 (−5.6) | −5.9 (21.4) | −0.1 (31.8) | 2.7 (36.9) | 1.3 (34.3) | −4.6 (23.7) | −12.5 (9.5) | −23.8 (−10.8) | −40.3 (−40.5) | −40.6 (−41.1) |
Average mm (inches) | 48 (1.9) | 37 (1.5) | 36 (1.4) | 39 (1.5) | 58 (2.3) | 85 (3.3) | 71 (2.8) | 85 (3.3) | 63 (2.5) | 65 (2.6) | 55 (2.2) | 45 (1.8) | 687 (27.1) |
Average rainy days | 9 | 7 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 14 | 10 | 161 |
Average snowy days | 22 | 20 | 14 | 5 | 1 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0.03 | 3 | 13 | 20 | 98 |
Average (%) | 87 | 84 | 80 | 70 | 67 | 72 | 74 | 78 | 83 | 86 | 88 | 89 | 80 |
Mean monthly | 41 | 71 | 136 | 189 | 279 | 300 | 285 | 233 | 152 | 90 | 34 | 25 | 1,835 |
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net | |||||||||||||
Source 2: (sun 1961–1990) |
Pskov is twinned with: [39]
In February 2023, it was announced that Roanoke , United States was officially pausing its sister city affiliation with Pskov due to the continuing Russian invasion of Ukraine . [40]
Gdov is a town and the administrative center of Gdovsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the river Gdovka, just 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) from its outflow into Lake Peipus. Population: 3,465 (2021 Census) ; 4,379 (2010 Russian census) ; 5,171 (2002 Census) ; 6,009 (1989 Soviet census) .
Opochka is a town and the administrative center of Opochetsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Velikaya River, 130 kilometers (81 mi) south of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 11,603 (2010 Russian census) ; 13,964 (2002 Census) ; 16,190 (1989 Soviet census) .; 9,902.
Ostrov is a town and the administrative center of Ostrovsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Velikaya River, 55 kilometers (34 mi) south of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 21,668 (2010 Russian census) ; 25,078 (2002 Census) ; 29,060 (1989 Soviet census) ; 27,000 (1974).
Pechory is a town and the administrative centre of Pechorsky District in the Pskov Oblast, Russia. Its population in the 2010 Census was 11,195, having fallen from 13,056 recorded in the 2002 Census and 11,935 in the 1989 Census.
Dno is a town and the administrative center of Dnovsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located at the intersection of the Pskov–Bologoye and St. Petersburg–Vitebsk railways, 113 kilometers (70 mi) east of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 9,061 (2010 Russian census) ; 10,049 (2002 Census) ; 12,406 (1989 Soviet census) .
Bezhanitsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the central and eastern parts of the oblast and borders with Dedovichsky District in the north, Poddorsky and Kholmsky Districts of Novgorod Oblast in the east, Loknyansky District in the south, Novosokolnichesky, Pustoshkinsky, and Opochetsky Districts in the southwest, and with Novorzhevsky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,535 square kilometers (1,365 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Bezhanitsy. Population: 13,264 (2010 Russian census) ; 17,547 ; 22,784 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Bezhanitsy accounts for 32.7% of the district's total population.
Plyussa is an urban locality and the administrative center of Plyussky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located 91 kilometers (57 mi) northeast of Pskov by the river Plyussa. Municipally, it is incorporated as Plyussa Urban Settlement , one of the two urban settlements in the district. Population: 3,450 (2010 Russian census) ; 3,856 (2002 Census) ; 4,317 (1989 Soviet census) .
Kholmsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Poddorsky District in the north, Maryovsky District in the east, Andreapolsky District of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Toropetsky District of Tver Oblast in the south, Loknyansky District of Pskov Oblast in the southwest, and with Bezhanitsky District of Pskov Oblast in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,178.69 square kilometers (841.20 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kholm. Population: 6,177 (2010 Russian census) ; 7,712 ; 9,174 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Kholm accounts for 62.0% of the district's total population.
Dnovsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast and borders with Soletsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the northeast, Volotovsky District, also of Novgorod Oblast, in the east, Dedovichsky District in the south, and with Porkhovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,194 square kilometers (461 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Dno. Population: 13,341 (2010 Russian census) ; 16,048 ; 20,110 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Dno accounts for 67.9% of the district's total population.
Gdovsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast and borders with Slantsevsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the north, Plyussky District in the east, Strugo-Krasnensky District in the southeast, and with Pskovsky District in the south. Lake Peipus forms the border with Estonia in the west. The area of the district is 3,400 square kilometers (1,300 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Gdov. Population: 12,792 (2010 Russian census) ; 17,715 ; 19,842 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Gdov accounts for 34.2% of the district's total population.
Ostrovsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Pskovsky District in the north, Porkhovsky District in the northeast, Novorzhevsky District in the southeast, Pushkinogorsky and Krasnogorodsky Districts in the south, Pytalovsky District in the west, and with Palkinsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,400 square kilometers (930 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Ostrov. Population: 31,096 (2010 Russian census) ; 36,685 ; 14,199 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Ostrov accounts for 69.7% of the district's total population.
Palkinsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Pskovsky District in the northwest, Ostrovsky District in the southeast, Pytalovsky District in the south, Viļaka and Alūksne Municipalities of Latvia in the southwest, and with Pechorsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,191.2 square kilometers (459.9 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Palkino. Population: 8,826 (2010 Russian census) ; 10,520 ; 12,392 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Palkino accounts for 33.1% of the district's total population.
Plyussky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast and borders with Slantsevsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the north, Luzhsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the northeast, Shimsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the east, Strugo-Krasnensky District in the south, and with Gdovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,767 square kilometers (1,068 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Plyussa. Population: 9,187 (2010 Russian census) ; 11,610 ; 13,988 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Plyussa accounts for 37.6% of the district's total population.
Pskovsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast and borders with Gdovsky District in the north, Strugo-Krasnensky District in the northeast, Porkhovsky District in the east, Ostrovsky District in the south, and with Palkinsky and Pechorsky Districts in the southwest. Lake Peipus forms the border with Estonia in the west. The area of the district is 3,600 square kilometers (1,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Pskov. Population: 34,323 (2010 Russian census) ; 37,216 ; 37,557 (1989 Soviet census) .
Usvyatsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Velikoluksky District in the north, Kunyinsky District in the east, Velizhsky District of Smolensk Oblast in the southeast, Vitebsk and Haradok Districts of Belarus in the southwest, and Nevelsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,100 square kilometers (420 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Usvyaty. Population: 5,598 (2010 Russian census) ; 6,360 ; 7,905 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Usvyaty accounts for 52.9% of the district's total population.
Palkino is an urban locality and the administrative center of Palkinsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located 36 kilometers (22 mi) southwest of Pskov. Municipally, it is incorporated as Palkino Urban Settlement , the only urban settlement in the district. Population: 2,924 (2010 Russian census) ; 3,201 (2002 Census) ; 3,406 (1989 Soviet census) .
Zaplyusye is an urban locality in Plyussky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located in the east of the district, right at the border with Leningrad Oblast. Municipally, it is incorporated as Zaplyusye Urban Settlement in Plyussky Municipal District, one of the two urban settlements in the district. Population: 1,096 (2010 Russian census) ; 1,393 (2002 Census) ; 1,887 (1989 Soviet census) .
Dedovichi is an urban locality and the administrative center of Dedovichsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Shelon River east of Pskov. Municipally, it is incorporated as Dedovichi Urban Settlement , the only urban settlement in the district. Population: 8,798 (2010 Russian census) ; 9,881 (2002 Census) ; 8,494 (1989 Soviet census) .
Krasnogorodsk is an urban locality and the administrative center of Krasnogorodsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Sinyaya River south of Pskov. Municipally, it is incorporated as Krasnogorodsk Urban Settlement , the only urban settlement in the district. Population: 3,870 (2010 Russian census) ; 4,694 (2002 Census) ; 5,295 (1989 Soviet census) .
Loknya is an urban locality and the administrative center of Loknyansky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Loknya Urban Settlement , the only urban settlement in the district. Population: 3,872 (2010 Russian census) ; 4,898 (2002 Census) ; 6,061 (1989 Soviet census) .
: • | |
Districts | |
Cities and towns | |
of | |
---|---|
by quarter, and trading posts of the Hanseatic League | ||
---|---|---|
. of the shown in . | ||
Wendish |
|
---|
(Gdańsk) | ( ) |
---|
|
---|
by | |
---|---|
and | |
Shared with Shared with Shared with nine other countries |
Beasiswa pertamina vokasi, tentang program, persyaratan, komponen beasiswa :.
<a href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikivoyage/w/poi2gpx.php?print=gpx&lang=en&name=Pskov_Oblast\" title=\"Download GPX file for this article\" data-parsoid=\"{}\"><img alt=\"Download GPX file for this article\" resource=\"./File:GPX_Document_rev3-20x20.png\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/GPX_Document_rev3-20x20.png\" decoding=\"async\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"20\" width=\"20\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-parsoid='{\"a\":{\"resource\":\"./File:GPX_Document_rev3-20x20.png\",\"height\":\"20\",\"width\":\"20\"},\"sa\":{\"resource\":\"File:GPX Document rev3-20x20.png\"}}'/></a></span>"}'/>
Pskov Oblast is in Northwestern Russia , which borders Latvia to the west, Estonia to the northwest, Leningrad Oblast to the north, Novgorod Oblast to the northeast, Tver Oblast to the east, Smolensk Oblast to the southeast, and Belarus to the south.
Despite the proximity of the border with Latvia , Estonia and Belarus , in socio-economic terms, the Pskov Oblast is the most underdeveloped among all the Oblasts of Russia (only among the Oblasts), and the most backward region of Central Russia. There is practically no industry here, and agriculture is poorly developed.
An ancient region of Russia which once constituted its own republic, Pskov Oblast is a great weekend trip or longer from Saint Petersburg . Tourist infrastructure is at best rudimentary, although one would expect this will change in the near future, but the region has lots to see for an adventurous traveler or a traveler with a good guide. Pskov, the capital, is without a doubt the principal attraction and likely the only stop for most travelers, but it might be a good plan to get out of the city and check out nearby Izborsk.
See Russian phrasebook .
Two daily buses depart for Pskov from Novgorod at 08:30 and 16:00.
Trains from Saint Petersburg are unfortunately very inconvenient — they leave around 03:00 and arrive in Pskov four hours later. A better option is to hop on a bus from Petersburg's Vitebsky Vokzal; there are 15 buses bound for Pskov daily and they take about 5 hours to get there.
There is a daily overnight train from Moscow which leaves around 20:00 and arrives in Pskov around 08:00.
Pskov Airport ( PKV IATA ) from Moscow and Sochi.
Pskov is a common last stop in Russia for visitors traveling overland to the Baltic states .
This travel guide to is an and may need more content. It has a , but there is not enough present. If there are and listed, they may not all be at status or there may not be a and a "Get in" section describing all of the typical ways to get here. Please and ! |
IMAGES
COMMENTS
Yth. Panitia Seleksi Beasiwa Pertamina Foundation 2023. Saya selalu percaya bahwa orang yang paling rugi adalah orang yang menyia-nyiakan kesempatan yang datang padanya.
Esai ini membahas pentingnya energi baru terbarukan (EBT) dalam upaya mencapai emisi net-zero di Indonesia. EBT dipandang sebagai salah satu pilar utama untuk mengurangi emisi karbon sesuai target Indonesia yaitu 29% pada 2030 dan net-zero pada 2060. Potensi EBT Indonesia yang besar diharapkan dapat menciptakan lapangan kerja baru serta mendukung transisi energi bersih. Namun diperlukan ...
Motivation Letter That Got Me into Sobat Pertamina Foundation Scholarship. Hi, here is some example of Motivation Letter that i used for Sobi PF Scholarship! Jan 28
Esai Untuk Beasiswa SobatBumi Pertamina Foundation Prestasi | PDF. Esai ini membahas tentang aksi kreatif pencegahan penyebaran dan penanggulangan Covid-19. Penulis membahas dampak Covid-19 terhadap kesehatan, ekonomi, dan lingkungan serta solusi untuk meminimalka... by davin1reinhart1unido.
Pertamina Foundation hadir untuk memberdayakan masyarakat melalui pendidikan, sosial, dan lingkungan dengan memberikan beasiswa dan program-program seperti ajang kreativitas generasi muda, pemberdayaan perempuan, penelitian sains, dan korban bencana. Tujuannya adalah menghasilkan SDM unggul dan berdaya saing secara global serta memajukan bangsa.
Halo! Aku Reza Berlian Ananda, mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi 2020. Di sini aku akan berbagi pengalaman mengenai proses aku menjadi Awardee Beasiswa Sobat Bumi tahun 2022 dari Pertamina…
Essay dibuat sendiri dan bukan merupakan hasil plagiat; Ditulis dalam 4 halaman kertas ukuran quarto (A4) dengan minimal 3 halaman, dengan jarak antar baris 1,5 spasi ... Setelah menerima berkas pendaftaran online, tim seleksi Pertamina Foundation akan melakukan validasi dan pengecekan kelengkapan. Berkas yang lolos akan diikut sertakan dalam ...
Pertamina Scholarship. Program Scholarship ini merupakan bentuk peran sosial Pertamina untuk turut serta mendukung Pemerintah dalam peningkatan kualitas pendidikan nasional, khususnya bagi masyarakat yang lebih membutuhkan. Program CSR Pendidikan ini dikemas dalam Beasiswa, Sekolah 3T, Pendidikan Khusus dan lainnya. ...
Training Capacity Building. Penerima beasiswa akan mendapatkan training pengembangan individual yang dikoordinir oleh Pertamina Foundation mengenai pengetahuan, motivasi, ketrampilan, maupun pengembangan organisasi seperti pengembangan jaringan, leadership, dan lain lain. Gathering Sobat Bumi (atau kegiatan sejenisnya).
Jakarta, 18 April 2020 - Penciptaan SDM unggul menjadi konsen Pertamina Foundation sebagai basis penciptaan kader pemimpin yang tangguh memasuki era revolusi industry 4.0. Melalui program iconic PFprestasi, Pertamina Foundation membuka kesempatan beasiswa bagi mahasiswa yang cerdas, kreatif, peduli lingkungan dan sedang menempuh studi S1/Diploma di kampus mitra.
1947. JAKARTA - Melalui program PFprestasi, Pertamina Foundation (PF) menyalurkan beasiswa Pertamina Sobat Bumi kepada 280 mahasiswa dari 25 kampus di seluruh Indonesia. Kepedulian PF ini menjadi salah satu bukti bahwa yayasan yang didirikan Pertamina ini ikut berperan aktif dalam pembentukan SDM unggul dan tangguh di era revolusi industri 4.0.
Setelah mengetahui pembukaan beasiswa Pertamina Foundation, saya semakin semangat untuk mencari info-info seputar beasiswa ini. ... Ketiga, setelah selesai menulis essay libatkan lebih dari 3 komponen untuk menilainya contoh keluarga, teman, senior/kakak tingkat karena dengan melibatkan orang lain kamu akan mendapat masukan dari mereka. ...
Beasiswa Pertamina Inspirasi Indonesia Timur (IIT) Tingkat Sarjana adalah program beasiswa yang ditujukan pada mahasiswa dari wilayah Indonesia Timur dan utamanya dari daerah 3T (Terdepan, Terluar, Tertinggal) untuk peningkatan kemampuan akademik, pengembangan ketrampilan, dan kepekaan sosial agar siap menjadi motor gerakan lingkungan dan kader pemimpin masa depan yang ramah lingkungan.
Motivasi essay untuk program Social Leader Trainee (SLT) Pertamina Foundation. Penulis memiliki latar belakang pendidikan sosial dan politik serta pengalaman kepemimpinan, dan berharap dapat terlibat untuk memajukan masyarakat Indonesia melalui Pertamina Foundation.
Pertamina Foundation didirikan dengan tujuan untuk lebih meningkatkan efektifitas kegiatan yang menyangkut Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan dan memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap para stakeholder. Semula bernama Yayasan Kesejahteraan Pegawai Pertamina (YKPP) yang telah berdiri sejak 15 Mei 1986, kemudian pada 12 Januari 2011 berganti nama ...
PF Prestasi. Jl. Teuku Nyak Arief, Kawasan Pertamina Simprug Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta 12220 Telp.: +62 21 7223029 ext. 3808 Email: [email protected]
The customs post MAPP (multilateral automobile checkpoint) Burachki Pskov customs was 25 years old. Customs post MAPP Burachki on the Russian-Latvian border was established at the Sebezh customs by order of the State customs Committee of the Russian Federation of 2 February 1995 # 67 in connection with the opening of a new border crossing point "Burachki", which was erected in accordance ...
29 years ago by the order of the Main Department of the state customs control (GPTC) under the Council of Ministers of the USSR of may 23, 1991, No. 173 formed by the Pskov customs. The region of Pskov customs - Pskov oblast. Pskov oblast is the only region in the Russian Federation, having borders […]
Essay Pertamina Sobat Bumi | PDF. Teknologi pirolisis dapat mengubah limbah plastik menjadi bahan bakar alternatif melalui proses degradasi termal tanpa oksigen pada suhu 250-420°C. Proses ini dapat mengurangi limbah plastik di kam... by faris_naufal_3.
Pskov Krom, view from the Velikaya River. Pskov still preserves much of its medieval walls, built from the 13th century on. Its medieval citadel is called either the Krom or the Kremlin. Within its walls rises the 256-foot-tall (78 m) Trinity Cathedral, founded in 1138 and rebuilt in the 1690s.The cathedral contains the tombs of saint princes Vsevolod (died in 1138) and Dovmont (died in 1299).
Program Beasiswa Pertamina Vokasi merupakan apresiasi yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa yang terampil, dan kreatif yang sedang menempuh studi diploma di kampus mitra kerjasama Pertamina Foundation. Komponen Beasiswa : Bantuan biaya hidup, disalurkan langsung melalui rekening penerima beasiswa; Bantuan biaya pendidikan dengan besaran seperti pada ...
1 Pskov — the ancient capital is not well prepared for tourism, but is rich in sites; its Krom (medieval citadel) is very impressive, it is circled by monasteries—including one which is Russia's oldest, and the city is full of small, old churches. 58.75 27.816667. 2 Gdov — a medieval town famous for its churches, which were destroyed in ...
Dokumen ini menceritakan pengalaman mahasiswa penerima beasiswa Pertamina Foundation dari proses seleksi hingga aksi lingkungan yang dilakukan. Proses seleksi meliputi pengisian data diri, penulisan esai, wawancara, dan FGD. Penerima beasiswa mendapat manfaat berupa bantuan UKT, biaya hidup, dan biaya aksi. Setelah diterima, mereka melakukan berbagai aksi sosial dan lingkungan seperti ...