greenhouse effect essay ielts

Essay on Greenhouse Effect for Students and Children

500 words essay on greenhouse effect.

The past month, July of 2019, has been the hottest month in the records of human history. This means on a global scale, the average climate and temperatures are now seen a steady rise year-on-year. The culprits of this climate change phenomenon are mainly pollution , overpopulation and general disregard for the environment by the human race. However, we can specifically point to two phenomenons that contribute to the rising temperatures – global warming and the greenhouse effect. Let us see more about them in this essay on the greenhouse effect.

The earth’s surface is surrounded by an envelope of the air we call the atmosphere. Gasses in this atmosphere trap the infrared radiation of the sun which generates heat on the surface of the earth. In an ideal scenario, this effect causes the temperature on the earth to be around 15c. And without such a phenomenon life could not sustain on earth.

However, due to rapid industrialization and rising pollution, the emission of greenhouse gases has increased multifold over the last few centuries. This, in turn, causes more radiation to be trapped in the earth’s atmosphere. And as a consequence, the temperature on the surface of the planet steadily rises. This is what we refer to when we talk about the man-made greenhouse effect.

Causes of Greenhouse Effect

As we saw earlier in this essay on the greenhouse effect, the phenomenon itself is naturally occurring and an important one to sustain life on our planet. However, there is an anthropogenic part of this effect. This is caused due to the activities of man.

The most prominent among this is the burning of fossil fuels . Our industries, vehicles, factories, etc are overly reliant on fossil fuels for their energy and power. This has caused an immense increase in emissions of harmful greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfides, etc. This has multiplied the greenhouse effect and we have seen a steady rise in surface temperatures.

Other harmful activities such as deforestation, excessive urbanization, harmful agricultural practices, etc. have also led to the release of excess carbon dioxide and made the greenhouse effect more prominent. Another harmful element that causes harm to the environment is CFC (chlorofluorocarbon).

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Some Effects of Greenhouse Effect

Even after overwhelming proof, there are still people who deny the existence of climate change and its devastating pitfalls. However, there are so many effects and pieces of evidence of climate change it is now undeniable. The surface temperature of the planet has risen by 1c since the 19th century. This change is largely due to the increased emissions of carbon dioxide. The most harm has been seen in the past 35 years in particular.

The oceans and the seas have absorbed a lot of this increased heat. The surfaces of these oceans have seen a rise in temperatures of 0.4c. The ice sheets and glaciers are also rapidly shrinking. The rate at which the ice caps melt in Antartica has tripled in the last decade itself. These alarming statistics and facts are proof of the major disaster we face in the form of climate change.

600 Words Essay on Greenhouse Effect

A Greenhouse , as the term suggests, is a structure made of glass which is designed to trap heat inside. Thus, even on cold chilling winter days, there is warmth inside it. Similarly, Earth also traps energy from the Sun and prevents it from escaping back. The greenhouse gases or the molecules present in the atmosphere of the Earth trap the heat of the Sun. This is what we know as the Greenhouse effect.

Greenhouse Gases

These gases or molecules are naturally present in the atmosphere of the Earth. However, they are also released due to human activities. These gases play a vital role in trapping the heat of the Sun and thereby gradually warming the temperature of Earth. The Earth is habitable for humans due to the equilibrium of the energy it receives and the energy that it reflects back to space.

Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect

The trapping and emission of radiation by the greenhouse gases present in the atmosphere is known as the Greenhouse effect. Without this process, Earth will either be very cold or very hot, which will make life impossible on Earth.

The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon. Due to wrong human activities such as clearing forests, burning fossil fuels, releasing industrial gas in the atmosphere, etc., the emission of greenhouse gases is increasing.

Thus, this has, in turn, resulted in global warming . We can see the effects due to these like extreme droughts, floods, hurricanes, landslides, rise in sea levels, etc. Global warming is adversely affecting our biodiversity, ecosystem and the life of the people. Also, the Himalayan glaciers are melting due to this.

There are broadly two causes of the greenhouse effect:

I. Natural Causes

• Some components that are present on the Earth naturally produce greenhouse gases. For example, carbon dioxide is present in the oceans, decaying of plants due to forest fires and the manure of some animals produces methane , and nitrogen oxide is present in water and soil.
• Water Vapour raises the temperature by absorbing energy when there is a rise in the humidity.
• Humans and animals breathe oxygen and release carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

II. Man-made Causes

• Burning of fossil fuels such as oil and coal emits carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which causes an excessive greenhouse effect. Also, while digging a coal mine or an oil well, methane is released from the Earth, which pollutes it.
• Trees with the help of the process of photosynthesis absorb the carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Due to deforestation the carbon dioxide level is continuously increasing. This is also a major cause of the increase in the greenhouse effect.
• In order to get maximum yield, the farmers use artificial nitrogen in their fields. This releases nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere.
• Industries release harmful gases in the atmosphere like methane, carbon dioxide , and fluorine gas. These also enhance global warming.

All the countries of the world are facing the ill effects of global warming. The Government and non-governmental organizations need to take appropriate and concrete measures to control the emission of toxic greenhouse gases. They need to promote the greater use of renewable energy and forestation. Also, it is the duty of every individual to protect the environment and not use such means that harm the atmosphere. It is the need of the hour to protect our environment else that day is not far away when life on Earth will also become difficult.

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Greenhouse Gases - band 7

This diagram explains how solar energy normally interacts with the Earth surface and how this process has changed because of the presence of greenhouses gases.

First of all, it is shown that, usually, solar radiations reach the ground; from this point, the heat energy naturally tend to uprise and to radiate into the space. Notwithstanding, drastic changes happen with the presence of greenhouse gases. These gases derive from carbon dioxide, which is producted from the combustion of fossil fuels, which are daily used as a carburant for vehicles (e.g. car, truck) and for factories. Carbon dioxide can also be released by felling of trees, which usually absorb and store it.

Greenhouse gases remain suspended in the air, creating a kind of "cap", which cause two main changes. Firstly, it prevents the heat to rise from the ground to the space, inducing it to return back to the surface. As a consequence, it leads to an increase of average temperatures. Secondly, these gases stop solar radiations from reaching the Earth and, in this way, they are reflected off the atmosphere.

To sum up, greenhouse gases are a presence in the air which contributes in different ways to alterate the normal activity between the Sun and our Planet.

(206 words)

Task Achievement

This report highlights the important information and draws conclusions, although the candidate could have gone into more detail about the wider consequences, e.g. more extreme weather conditions worldwide. (7)

Coherence & Cohesion

The information has been organised into clear paragraphs and cohesive devices have been used effectively to link ideas. A wider range of linking phrases to describe contrast would lift the band score. (6.5)

Lexical Resource

The candidate has used some relevant and appropriate vocabulary to describe the information. (7)

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

The candidate has included a range of complex structures including the passive, which are well-controlled and used with some flexibility. However, there are small errors with verb forms and countable / uncountable nouns. (7)

Overall Comment - how to improve

This is a good answer which highlights the key information. However, the candidate could include more information about wider global consequences and perhaps a recommendation for the future.

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• Test Preparation /

IELTS Daily Essay Topic: What causes and solutions must the government implement to tackle climate change?

• Updated on  
• April 29, 2024

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Brainstorming Ideas

Refer to the following brainstorming ideas to get a solid understanding of the given answer.

• Among the biggest threats to our climate is deforestation.
• Apart from that, the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas for electricity, heat, and transportation contributes largely to the overall climate change across the globe. 
• Effective mitigation strategies for climate change include harnessing renewable energy resources, boosting energy efficiency, and large-scale reforestation efforts.
• Adaptation strategies, including building flood defences, developing drought-tolerant crops, and designing buildings capable of tolerating extreme weather conditions, can help tackle climate change. 

Q. What causes and solutions must the government implement to tackle climate change?

Ans . Climate change is a pressing issue that poses significant threats to our planet. It is primarily caused by human activities, which include the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, leading to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 

The burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas for electricity, heat and transportation is the biggest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. For instance, the industrial sector, which includes manufacturing, construction and mining accounts for 22% of global emissions. Deforestation, on the other hand, contributes to climate change as trees absorb Carbon dioxide and reduce its presence in the atmosphere. When forests are cut down, not only does the carbon dioxide absorption cease, but also the carbon stored in the trees is released into the atmosphere.

To tackle climate change, governments must implement two approaches: mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation strategies include transitioning into renewable energy resources, improving energy efficiency and promoting reforestation. For example, the government of Denmark has committed itself to becoming a 100% renewable energy country. Adaptation strategies involve making adjustments to reduce risks caused by climate change. This includes building flood defences, developing drought-tolerant crops, and designing buildings capable of withstanding extreme weather conditions. For instance, the Netherlands, a country significantly below sea level, has developed an extensive system of pumps to prevent seawater from flooding its land.

To conclude, while dealing with climate change is a daunting challenge, it is not insurmountable. With the right policies and actions, governments can play a pivotal role in mitigating its effects and safeguarding the planet for future generations.

Paraphrased Statement: Climate change is a pressing issue that poses significant threats to our planet. 

Thesis Statement:   It is primarily caused by human activities, which include the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, leading to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 

Body Paragraph 1-Topic Sentences: The burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas for electricity, heat and transportation is the biggest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions.

Body Paragraph 1- Supporting Reasons and Explanations: For instance, the industrial sector, which includes manufacturing, construction and mining accounts for 22% of global emissions. Deforestation, on the other hand, contributes to climate change as trees absorb Carbon dioxide and reduce its presence in the atmosphere. When forests are cut down, not only does the carbon dioxide absorption cease, but also the carbon stored in the trees is released into the atmosphere.

Body Paragraph 2- Topic sentence: To tackle climate change, governments must implement two approaches: mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation strategies include transitioning into renewable energy resources, improving energy efficiency and promoting reforestation. 

Body paragraph 2- Supporting Reasons and Explanations: For example, the government of Denmark has committed itself to becoming a 100% renewable energy country. Adaptation strategies involve making adjustments to reduce risks caused by climate change. This includes building flood defences, developing drought-tolerant crops, and designing buildings capable of withstanding extreme weather conditions. For instance, the Netherlands, a country significantly below sea level, has developed an extensive system of pumps to prevent seawater from flooding its land.

Conclusion: To conclude, while dealing with climate change is a daunting challenge, it is not insurmountable. With the right policies and actions, governments can play a pivotal role in mitigating its effects and safeguarding the planet for future generations.

Vocabulary in Use

Linkers and connectors used:.

Following are the linkers and connectors used:

• For instance
• On the other hand
• In order to
• For example
• To conclude

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Purti Chawla

Purti is a CELTA, British Council, and IDP-certified language trainer. Having worked as a Study Abroad Test Prep Expert for the past 7 years, she has guided thousands of students towards their desirable scores in IELTS, TOEFL, GRE, GMAT and other language proficiency tests to study abroad. She is adept in molding learning strategies according to the needs of the learners and has built multiple courses at Leverage IELTS with result-oriented strategies. Proficient in test prep courses such as IELTS, TOEFL, PTE, and Duolingo, she loves to explore different classroom teaching methods, keeps continuously improving her own skills, and stays abreast with the latest teaching methodologies. She is a master trainer at Leverage Edu and aims to help thousands more through her expertise.

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