provides details about the sources used for your research project. Your Works Cited list goes at the end of your project or paper and includes information about each source that must be put in a specific order. MLA calls this information Core Elements. Here is the list of Core Elements in order, including the punctuation that must be included after each element (from page 20 of the ):
1. Author.
2. Title of source.
3. Title of the container,
4. Other contributors,
5. Version,
6. Number,
7. Publisher,
8. Publication date,
9. Location.
Some sources don't require all elements these elements. Click on the link below for more details.
(also called parenthetical documentation or citation) goes in your project or essay near where you use information from your source. In-text citations are required when you do the following: information from a source by putting exact wording in quotation marks information from a source by putting ideas into your own words information from a source Your in-text citation consists of the first Core Element in your Works Cited citation and a page number, if the source you used has page numbers. Often the first element you use is the author of the source. Click on the link below for more details. |
Citation formats are and that make writing styles uniform within a specific work or publication. They cover the following: of the paper (margins, spaces between lines, font size, etc.) documentation of sources (parenthetical citation) ( in MLA, in APA)There are many citation formats. Some of the more commonly used ones are , and .
|
and to your work sources easily For more information click on the link below. |
Create a new citation.
Published January 29, 2021. Updated November 20, 2021.
To create a reference or citation for a speech, you will need to know the speaker, date, title of the speech, and URL (uniform resource locator).
The templates and examples below will show you how to cite a speech in MLA, APA, Chicago style, and Harvard referencing.
Easily cite a speech in the style of your choice using the Chegg Writing citation generator .
In-text citation example: f
Works cited entry example:
Long, Huey P. “Every Man a King.” Radio Speech to the Nation, 23 Apr. 1934.
For more examples and information, view our citing a speech in MLA guide.
Help protect your paper against accidental plagiarism with the Chegg Writing plagiarism checker and citation generator .
In-text citation example:
(Long, 1934/2017)
Reference list entry example:
Long, H. P. (2017). Every man a king [Speech transcript]. American Rhetoric. https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/PDFFiles/Huey%20P.%20Long%20-%20Every%20Man%20A%20King.pdf (Original work published 1934).
For more examples and information, view our citing a speech in APA guide.
Footnote example:
Huey P. Long, “Every Man a King” (speech, Radio Speech to the Nation, April 23, 1934), https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/PDFFiles/Huey%20P.%20Long%20-%20Every%20Man%20A%20King.pdf.
Bibliography entry example:
Long, Huey P. “Every Man a King.” Speech, Radio Speech to the Nation, April 23, 1934. https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/PDFFiles/Huey%20P.%20Long%20-%20Every%20Man%20A%20King.pdf.
For more examples and information, view our citing a speech in Chicago Style guide.
(Long 1934)
Long, Huey P. 1934. “Every Man a King.” Speech, Radio Speech to the Nation. https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/PDFFiles/Huey%20P.%20Long%20-%20Every%20Man%20A%20King.pdf.
(Long, 1934)
Long, H. P. (1934) Every man a king [Speech transcript]. 23 April. Available at: https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/PDFFiles/Huey%20P.%20Long%20-%20Every%20Man%20A%20King.pdf (Accessed: 15 January 2021).
For more examples and information, view our citing a speech in Harvard Referencing Style guide.
Writing a paper ? Don’t forget to include a bibliography .
Digital media, personal communication, government documents, additional sources, frequently asked questions, how do i cite a recorded taping of a speech.
Below are the guidelines, templates, and examples for citing a recorded taping of a speech in MLA and APA styles.
To cite a recording of a speech in MLA, use the speaker’s last name for in-text citations. For the works-cited-list entry, include the first and last name of the speaker, the title of the speech, the production company, the date, and the URL (if applicable).
In-text citation
(Speaker’s Surname)
Works-cited list
Speaker’s Surname, F. M. “Title of the Speech.” Production Company/Publisher, Day Month Year, URL.
Clinton, William Jefferson. “Farewell Address to the Nation.” American Rhetoric , 18 Jan. 2001, www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/wjclintonfarewell.htm.
To cite a recorded taping of a speech in APA, use the name of the speaker and the publication year for in-text citations. For the reference list entry, include the first and last name of the speaker, the publication date, the title of the speech, the format of the recording in brackets, the production company or publisher, and the URL (if available).
(Speaker’s Surname, Year)
(Clinton, 2001)
Reference list entry
Speaker’s Surname, F. M. (Year, Month Day). Title of the speech [Format Description]. Production Company/Publisher. URL
Clinton, W. J. (2001, January 18). Farewell address to the nation [Speech audio recording]. American Rhetoric. https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/wjclintonfarewell.htm
Below are the guidelines, templates, and examples for citing “I Have a Dream” in MLA and APA styles.
To cite “I Have a Dream” in MLA, use the last name of the speaker in in-text citations. The works cited list entry includes the name of the speaker, title of the speech, title of the website where the speech was found, date of the speech and its publication online, and the URL.
In-text citation template & example:
Works cited list template & example:
Speaker’s Surname, First Name. “Title of the Speech.” Date given. Title of Website , Publisher of the Website (if different from website name), date transcript was published, URL.
King, Martin Luther, Jr. “I Have a Dream.” 28 Aug. 1963. American Rhetoric , 20 Aug. 2020, www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm.
In MLA style, the date the speech was originally given can be included after the title, followed by a period.
To cite “I Have a Dream” in APA, use the last name of the speaker and year of the speech in in-text citations. The reference list entry includes the name of the speaker, title of the speech, website where the speech was found, date of the speech, and URL.
(Speaker’s Last Name, year)
(King, 1963)
Reference list entry template & example:
Speaker’s Surname, F. M. (Date speech was given). Title of the speech [Description]. Website Name. URL
King, M. L., Jr. (1963, August 28). I have a dream [Speech audio recording]. American Rhetoric. https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm
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Chegg Writing » Citations » Citing a speech
Most sources you come across for will follow the basic structure for an MLA citation. Even sources you might think are unusual, like a pamphlet, a magazine advertisement, or a message posted to a discussion forum, all can be cited using the same format outlined in our resource on MLA citation basics . There are however, a few sources and situations that might require a slight change to the format. The following examples should help with some of the more common, but still tricky, citations you may be faced with.
Note : All MLA documents, Works Cited pages included, should be double-spaced. The following examples are single-spaced for the purposes of this resource only.
When a source has a group or corporation as an author, cite that group name the same as you would an individual author. For Works Cited entries, when the author and publisher are the same, skip the author, and list the title first. Then list the corporate author only as the publisher.
Food literacy can help mitigate childhood obesity because “being food literate empowers us to make informed choices” (Food Literacy Center).
“What is Food Literacy?” Food Literacy Center , 2015, http://www.foodliteracycenter.org/what-food-literacy. Accessed 28 Nov. 2016.
To distinguish a source from others by the same author, include a shortened title for the work you are quoting. In the Works Cited, only give the author’s name in the first entry. For all following entries, replace the author’s name with three hyphens. These entries should be alphabetized by title.
We will be better equipped to design valuable education plans at each level if we understand that becoming an effective writer is a long-term, multidimensional process of development (Bazerman, “Understanding”).
Bazerman, Charles. “Understanding the Lifelong Journey of Writing Development.” Infancia y Aprendizaje , vol. 36, no. 4, Nov. 2013, pp. 421-441.
---. “Writing with Concepts: Communal, Internalized, and Externalized.” Mind, Culture, and Activity , vol. 19, no. 3, 2012, pp. 259-272, ERIC , doi: 10.1080/10749039.2012.688231.
To cite a speech, lecture, or other oral presentation, cite the speaker’s name and the title of the speech (if any) in quotation marks. Follow with the title of the particular conference or meeting, the name of the organization, and the venue and its city (if the name of the city is not listed in the venue’s name). Use the descriptor that appropriately expresses the type of presentation (e.g., Lecture, Reading, Conference Presentation, etc.).
Losh, Elizabeth. “Leave No Trace: Digital Erasure and the Composition Classroom.” Western States Rhetoric and Literacy Conference, 21 Oct. 2016, University of California, San Diego. Keynote Address.
Cite the author of the publication if the author is identified. Otherwise, start with the name of the national government, followed by the agency (including any subdivisions or agencies) that serves as the organizational author. For congressional documents, include the number of the Congress and the session when the hearing was held or resolution passed as well as the report number.
United States, Congress, Senate, Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Hearing on the Geopolitics of Oil. Government Printing Office, 2007. 110th Congress, 1st session, Senate Report 111-8.
To cite an interview you conducted, list the person you interviewed (last name first), identify it as a “Personal Interview” (if conducted in-person), an “Email Interview,” or a “Telephone Interview,” and provide the date of the interview.
Sloane, Sarah. Personal Interview. 12 May 2015.
To cite a published dissertation or master's thesis, cite the work as you would a book (with an italicized title), but include the designation Dissertation (or MA/MS thesis) followed by the degree-granting school and the year the degree was awarded. You may also include the University Microfilms International (UMI) order number.
Bishop, Karen Lynn. Documenting Institutional Identity: Strategic Writing in the IUPUI Comprehensive Campaign . Dissertation, Purdue University, 2002. UMI, 2004.
To cite an unpublished dissertation or master's thesis, put the title in quotation marks and end with the date the degree was awarded.
Graban, Tarez Samra. "Towards a Feminine Ironic: Understanding Irony in the Oppositional Discourse of Women from the Early Modern and Modern Periods." Dissertation, Purdue University, 2006.
To cite an original work of art (the primary source, not a reproduction in a book), provide the artist's name, the title of the artwork in italics, the date of composition, and the medium of the piece. Finally, name the institution that houses the artwork followed by the location of the institution (unless the location is included in the title of the institution, e.g., Los Angeles County Museum of Art).
Chagall, Marc. Rain . 1911, oil and charcoal on canvas, Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice.
To cite a source quoted within another source, identify the original source in your sentence to introduce the quotation and use "qtd. in" to indicate the source you actually consulted. For the Works Cited page, cite the source you consulted not the original source (in this case, cite Koosed and Schumm).
According to Hardin and Hardin, “respect for authority, individualism, sacrifice 'for the team,' and hard work" are key values that come out of American sports and sports media (qtd. in Koosed and Schumm).
To cite multiple sources in the same in-text citation, separate the sources by a semi-colon.
Playing a “pro-social” video game can increase the perceptions of a player’s humanity and increase positive humanity traits (Greitmeyer; Happ, Melzer, and Steffgen).
If two or more authors have the same last name, provide both authors' first initials (or their full names if different authors share initials) in your in-text citation. In the Works Cited page, alphabetize these sources by first name (e.g., Brown, Penelope would come before Brown, Thomas).
Mitigating devices can also show up as hedges (e.g., perhaps ) or other means of impersonalizing (P. Brown).
Published on July 1, 2021 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on March 5, 2024.
In MLA style , a Works Cited entry for a dictionary entry usually starts with the title of the entry—since dictionaries usually don’t list authors .
The example below shows how to cite an entry in an online dictionary. If the page displays the year when the specific entry was last updated, use that year after the dictionary name. Otherwise, include an access date after the URL instead, as in this example.
MLA format | “Word, . (Definition number).” , Year, URL. |
“Lock, (2).” , www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lock. Accessed 28 July 2020. | |
(“Lock,” def. 2.a) |
You can easily cite a dictionary entry with the help of our free MLA Citation Generator .
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Parts of speech and definition numbers, citing a print dictionary, citing a dictionary entry with an author, frequently asked questions about mla citations.
Some words are spelled the same but have different meanings and functions. To distinguish between them in your Works Cited list, MLA recommends you include the part of speech and (if available) the definition number of the entry you are citing.
A part of speech identifies the grammatical role a word plays. There are eight parts of speech in English: noun , pronoun , verb , adjective , adverb , preposition , conjunction , and interjection. Dictionaries usually identify the part of speech next to the word.
MLA recommends abbreviating the part of speech, and presenting it in italics. Check the table below for the correct abbreviation of each part of speech.
Part of speech | Abbreviation |
---|---|
Adverb | |
The part of speech should always be included when available, even if it’s the only one listed for the word you’re citing.
If there are multiple identical words that function as the same part of speech but have different meanings, they will usually be numbered to distinguish between them. Look for a number that appears next to the part of speech, not the numbering within the entry itself.
For example, here’s an entry from the Merriam-Webster online dictionary .
If available, include the definition number in parentheses after the part of speech.
If there’s no definition number, you can omit this part.
In the in-text citation, the title should be shortened to just the word itself—omit the part of speech and definition number here.
However, if you need to direct the reader to a specific sense of the word, you can do this using the numbering within the specific entry you’re citing. Use the abbreviation “def.” for “definition” and give the numbering that identifies the specific sense you’re citing.
However, the word lock can also refer to “an enclosure . . . with gates at each end used in raising or lowering boats” (“Lock,” def. 2.a ).
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To cite an entry from a dictionary you accessed in print, omit the URL and add the edition, the publisher, and the page number of the entry.
Note that page numbers are not included in the in-text citation, since most dictionary entries appear on a single page. The numbering within the entry is a more useful locator and should be used instead.
MLA format | “Word, . (Definition number).” , Edition, Publisher, Year, p. Page number. |
---|---|
“Content, (4).” , 11th ed., Merriam-Webster, 2003, p. 269. | |
(“Content,” def. 4.1.b) |
Some specialist dictionaries do list authors—either a single overall author or editor, or an overall editor in combination with individual authors for the different entries. Specialist dictionaries may not list parts of speech or definition numbers; omit them if not included.
To cite a dictionary with a single author or editor, just include their name at the start of your Works Cited entry, followed by “editor” if that’s how they’re identified on the title page.
MLA format | Author last name, First name, editor. “Entry Title.” , Edition, Publisher, Year, p. Page number. |
---|---|
Butterfield, Jeremy, editor. “Euphemism.” , 4th ed., Oxford UP, 2015, p. 277. | |
(Butterfield) |
When the dictionary lists different authors for individual entries, list the author of the entry you cite first, then include the editor of the dictionary later. The example below comes from an online specialist dictionary.
MLA format | Author last name, First name. “Entry Title.” , edited by Editor first name Last name, Edition, Publisher, Year, URL. |
---|---|
Marquis, Jean-Pierre. “Category Theory.” . Edited by Edward N. Zalta, winter 2018 ed., Stanford U, 2018, plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2018/entries/category-theory/. | |
(Marquis, sec. 1.2) |
In most standard dictionaries , no author is given for either the overall dictionary or the individual entries, so no author should be listed in your MLA citations.
Instead, start your Works Cited entry and your MLA in-text citation with the title of the entry you’re citing (i.e. the word that’s being defined), in quotation marks.
If you cite a specialist dictionary that does list an author and/or overall editor, these should be listed in the same way as they would for other citations of books or book chapters .
If a source has no author, start the MLA Works Cited entry with the source title . Use a shortened version of the title in your MLA in-text citation .
If a source has no page numbers, you can use an alternative locator (e.g. a chapter number, or a timestamp for a video or audio source) to identify the relevant passage in your in-text citation. If the source has no numbered divisions, cite only the author’s name (or the title).
If you already named the author or title in your sentence, and there is no locator available, you don’t need a parenthetical citation:
The fastest and most accurate way to create MLA citations is by using Scribbr’s MLA Citation Generator .
Search by book title, page URL, or journal DOI to automatically generate flawless citations, or cite manually using the simple citation forms.
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
Caulfield, J. (2024, March 05). Citing a Dictionary Entry in MLA Style | Format & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved June 24, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/mla/dictionary-entry-citation/
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The MLA Handbook highlights principles over prescriptive practices. Essentially, a writer will need to take note of primary elements in every source, such as author, title, etc. and then assort them in a general format. Thus, by using this methodology, a writer will be able to cite any source regardless of whether it’s included in this list.
However, this guide will highlight a few concerns when citing digital sources in MLA style.
Because online information can change or disappear, it is always a good idea to keep personal copies of important electronic information whenever possible. Downloading or even printing key documents ensures you have a stable backup. You can also use the Bookmark function in your web browser in order to build an easy-to-access reference for all of your project's sources (though this will not help you if the information is changed or deleted).
It is also wise to keep a record of when you first consult with each online source. MLA uses the phrase, “Accessed” to denote which date you accessed the web page when available or necessary. It is not required to do so, but it is encouraged (especially when there is no copyright date listed on a website).
Include a URL or web address to help readers locate your sources. Because web addresses are not static (i.e., they change often) and because documents sometimes appear in multiple places on the web (e.g., on multiple databases), MLA encourages the use of citing containers such as Youtube, JSTOR, Spotify, or Netflix in order to easily access and verify sources. However, MLA only requires the www. address, so eliminate all https:// when citing URLs.
Many scholarly journal articles found in databases include a DOI (digital object identifier). If a DOI is available, cite the DOI number instead of the URL.
Online newspapers and magazines sometimes include a “permalink,” which is a shortened, stable version of a URL. Look for a “share” or “cite this” button to see if a source includes a permalink. If you can find a permalink, use that instead of a URL.
If page numbers are not available, use par. or pars. to denote paragraph numbers. Use these in place of the p. or pp. abbreviation. Par. would be used for a single paragraph, while pars. would be used for a span of two or more paragraphs.
Here are some common features you should try to find before citing electronic sources in MLA style. Not every web page will provide all of the following information. However, collect as much of the following information as possible:
Use the following format:
Author. "Title." Title of container (self contained if book) , Other contributors (translators or editors), Version (edition), Number (vol. and/or no.), Publisher, Publication Date, Location (pages, paragraphs and/or URL, DOI or permalink). 2 nd container’s title , Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location, Date of Access (if applicable).
When citing an entire website, follow the same format as listed above, but include a compiler name if no single author is available.
Author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site. Version number (if available), Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource creation (if available), DOI (preferred), otherwise include a URL or permalink. Date of access (if applicable).
Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site . Version number, Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource creation (if available), URL, DOI or permalink. Date of access (if applicable).
The Purdue OWL Family of Sites . The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl. Accessed 23 Apr. 2008.
Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory . Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/. Accessed 10 May 2006.
Course or Department Websites
Give the instructor name. Then list the title of the course (or the school catalog designation for the course) in italics. Give appropriate department and school names as well, following the course title.
Felluga, Dino. Survey of the Literature of England . Purdue U, Aug. 2006, web.ics.purdue.edu/~felluga/241/241/Home.html. Accessed 31 May 2007.
English Department . Purdue U, 20 Apr. 2009, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/. Accessed 31 May 2015.
For an individual page on a Web site, list the author or alias if known, followed by an indication of the specific page or article being referenced. Usually, the title of the page or article appears in a header at the top of the page. Follow this with the information covered above for entire Web sites. If the publisher is the same as the website name, only list it once.
Lundman, Susan. “How to Make Vegetarian Chili.” eHow , www.ehow.com/how_10727_make-vegetarian-chili.html. Accessed 6 July 2015.
“ Athlete's Foot - Topic Overview. ” WebMD , 25 Sept. 2014, www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/athletes-foot-topic-overview.
Citations for e-books closely resemble those for physical books. Simply indicate that the book in question is an e-book by putting the term "e-book" in the "version" slot of the MLA template (i.e., after the author, the title of the source, the title of the container, and the names of any other contributors).
Silva, Paul J. How to Write a Lot: A Practical Guide to Productive Academic Writing. E-book, American Psychological Association, 2007.
If the e-book is formatted for a specific reader device or service, you can indicate this by treating this information the same way you would treat a physical book's edition number. Often, this will mean replacing "e-book" with "[App/Service] ed."
Machiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince , translated by W. K. Marriott, Kindle ed., Library of Alexandria, 2018.
Note: The MLA considers the term "e-book" to refer to publications formatted specifically for reading with an e-book reader device (e.g., a Kindle) or a corresponding web application. These e-books will not have URLs or DOIs. If you are citing book content from an ordinary webpage with a URL, use the "A Page on a Web Site" format above.
Provide the artist's name, the work of art italicized, the date of creation, the institution and city where the work is housed. Follow this initial entry with the name of the Website in italics, and the date of access.
Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV . 1800. Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid. Museo Nacional del Prado , www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-family-of-carlos-iv/f47898fc-aa1c-48f6-a779-71759e417e74. Accessed 22 May 2006.
Klee, Paul. Twittering Machine . 1922. Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Artchive , www.artchive.com/artchive/K/klee/twittering_machine.jpg.html. Accessed May 2006.
If the work cited is available on the web only, then provide the name of the artist, the title of the work, and then follow the citation format for a website. If the work is posted via a username, use that username for the author.
Adams, Clifton R. “People Relax Beside a Swimming Pool at a Country Estate Near Phoenix, Arizona, 1928.” Found, National Geographic Creative, 2 June 2016, natgeofound.tumblr.com/.
Provide the author name, article name in quotation marks, title of the web magazine in italics, publisher name, publication date, URL, and the date of access.
Bernstein, Mark. “ 10 Tips on Writing the Living Web. ” A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites , 16 Aug. 2002, alistapart.com/article/writeliving. Accessed 4 May 2009.
For all online scholarly journals, provide the author(s) name(s), the name of the article in quotation marks, the title of the publication in italics, all volume and issue numbers, and the year of publication. Include a DOI if available, otherwise provide a URL or permalink to help readers locate the source.
Article in an Online-only Scholarly Journal
MLA requires a page range for articles that appear in Scholarly Journals. If the journal you are citing appears exclusively in an online format (i.e. there is no corresponding print publication) that does not make use of page numbers, indicate the URL or other location information.
Dolby, Nadine. “Research in Youth Culture and Policy: Current Conditions and Future Directions.” Social Work and Society: The International Online-Only Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, 2008, www.socwork.net/sws/article/view/60/362. Accessed 20 May 2009.
Article in an Online Scholarly Journal That Also Appears in Print
Cite articles in online scholarly journals that also appear in print as you would a scholarly journal in print, including the page range of the article . Provide the URL and the date of access.
Wheelis, Mark. “ Investigating Disease Outbreaks Under a Protocol to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. ” Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol. 6, no. 6, 2000, pp. 595-600, wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/6/6/00-0607_article. Accessed 8 Feb. 2009.
Cite online databases (e.g. LexisNexis, ProQuest, JSTOR, ScienceDirect) and other subscription services as containers. Thus, provide the title of the database italicized before the DOI or URL. If a DOI is not provided, use the URL instead. Provide the date of access if you wish.
Alonso, Alvaro, and Julio A. Camargo. “ Toxicity of Nitrite to Three Species of Freshwater Invertebrates. ” Environmental Toxicology, vol. 21, no. 1, 3 Feb. 2006, pp. 90-94. Wiley Online Library , https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.20155. Accessed 26 May 2009.
Langhamer, Claire. “Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England.” Historical Journal, vol. 50, no. 1, 2007, pp. 173-96. ProQuest , https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X06005966. Accessed 27 May 2009.
Give the author of the message, followed by the subject line in quotation marks. State to whom the message was sent with the phrase, “Received by” and the recipient’s name. Include the date the message was sent. Use standard capitalization.
Kunka, Andrew. “ Re: Modernist Literature. ” Received by John Watts, 15 Nov. 2000.
Neyhart, David. “ Re: Online Tutoring. ” Received by Joe Barbato, 1 Dec. 2016.
Cite web postings as you would a standard web entry. Provide the author of the work, the title of the posting in quotation marks, the web site name in italics, the publisher, and the posting date. Follow with the date of access. Include screen names as author names when author name is not known. If both names are known, place the author’s name in brackets.
Author or compiler name (if available). “Posting Title.” Name of Site , Version number (if available), Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), URL. Date of access.
Salmar1515 [Sal Hernandez]. “Re: Best Strategy: Fenced Pastures vs. Max Number of Rooms?” BoardGameGeek , 29 Sept. 2008, boardgamegeek.com/thread/343929/best-strategy-fenced-pastures-vs-max-number-rooms. Accessed 5 Apr. 2009.
Begin with the user's Twitter handle in place of the author’s name. Next, place the tweet in its entirety in quotations, inserting a period after the tweet within the quotations. Include the date and time of posting, using the reader's time zone; separate the date and time with a comma and end with a period. Include the date accessed if you deem necessary.
@tombrokaw. “ SC demonstrated why all the debates are the engines of this campaign. ” Twitter, 22 Jan. 2012, 3:06 a.m., twitter.com/tombrokaw/status/160996868971704320.
@PurdueWLab. “ Spring break is around the corner, and all our locations will be open next week. ” Twitter , 5 Mar. 2012, 12:58 p.m., twitter.com/PurdueWLab/status/176728308736737282.
Video and audio sources need to be documented using the same basic guidelines for citing print sources in MLA style. Include as much descriptive information as necessary to help readers understand the type and nature of the source you are citing. If the author’s name is the same as the uploader, only cite the author once. If the author is different from the uploader, cite the author’s name before the title.
McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.” YouTube , uploaded by Big Think, 3 July 2012, www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkdzy9bWW3E.
“8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.” YouTube, uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker, 6 June 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBlpjSEtELs.
List the username as the author. Use the phrase, Comment on, before the title. Use quotation marks around the article title. Name the publisher, date, time (listed on near the comment), and the URL.
Not Omniscient Enough. Comment on “ Flight Attendant Tells Passenger to ‘Shut Up’ After Argument Over Pasta. ” ABC News, 9 Jun 2016, 4:00 p.m., abcnews.go.com/US/flight-attendant-tells-passenger-shut-argument-pasta/story?id=39704050.
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A conference proceeding is the published record of a conference, congress, symposium, or other meeting sponsored by a society or association. The document will look similar to an article or book chapter (and it may in fact be a chapter in a book). To cite a conference proceeding, provide the same information as when citing a book or article ...
Learn how to cite sources in MLA style using parenthetical citations. Find out how to format citations for different types of sources, such as books, articles, poems, and speeches.
3.4. ( 145) An in-text citation is a reference to a source that is found within the text of a paper ( Handbook 227). This tells a reader that an idea, quote, or paraphrase originated from a source. MLA in-text citations usually include the last name of the author and the location of cited information. This guide focuses on how to create MLA in ...
Learn how to cite a speech from a secondary source, such as a book, a website, or a transcript. Follow the MLA format template and provide the name of the speaker, the title of the speech, and the date of the speech.
To cite an online lecture or speech, follow the MLA format template. List the name of the presenter, followed by the title of the lecture. Then list the name of the website as the title of the container, the date on which the lecture was posted, and the URL: Allende, Isabel. "Tales of Passion.".
Determine the type of work to cite (e.g., article, image, sound recording) and cite appropriately. End the entry with the name of the digital format (e.g., PDF, JPEG file, Microsoft Word file, MP3). If the work does not follow traditional parameters for citation, give the author's name, the name of the work, the date of creation, and the ...
Learn how to format and cite a lecture or speech in MLA style with examples and tips. Find out how to cite the title, location, date, and descriptive label of the lecture.
In-text Citations for a Speech in MLA. Citing a speech within the text of your paper can really back up your points, especially when using an MLA citation generator. Whether you're quoting directly or paraphrasing, the way you cite should clearly point your readers to the specific speech you're referring to. Here's how to do it:
Learn how to cite a speech in MLA style with templates and examples for transcripts, audio and video recordings. Find out the name, date, title and URL of the speech you need to cite.
Learn how to cite speech in text using MLA style. Find out how to format the author, title, date, and page number of the speech, and how to distinguish between direct and indirect citations.
Lecture, Speech, Address or Reading MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 8th edition Speech Angelou, Maya. "On the Pulse of Morning" Inauguration of President Clinton, 19 Jan. 1993, Washington D.C. Speech. In-text citation: Maya Angelou said that "text of quotation." OR "Text of quotation" (Angelou). Lecture
In order to properly cite a presidential speech, you need to know the following pieces of information: Speaker's first and last name. Speech's title. Date the speech was delivered. Editor's name (if applicable) If you found the speech in a book, you should also take note of the following: Book's title. First and last name of the book ...
When citing Magazine, Journal, or Newspaper articles Ineffective : "An article titled 'Biofuels Boom' from the ProQuest database notes that midwestern energy companies are building new factories to convert corn to ethanol." (Although ProQuest is the database tool used to retrieve the information, the name of the newspaper or journal and ...
Learn how to cite speeches in MLA style with this comprehensive guide. Find out the core elements of MLA citations, the format of Works Cited entries, and examples for different types of speeches.
3. Place the page number or range in parentheses after the quote. If you haven't mentioned the author in the text of your paper, include their last name first. Then, type only the page number, or the first page of the range and last page of the range, separated by a hyphen. Place a period outside the closing parenthesis.
Citation formats are rules and guidelines that make writing styles uniform within a specific work or publication. They cover the following: Layout of the paper (margins, spaces between lines, font size, etc.) In-Text documentation of sources (parenthetical citation) Source documentation at end of paper (Works Cited in MLA, References in APA ...
Let's take a look at how to cite in MLA format. In-text Citations. MLA format uses parenthetical citations for in-text references, and the preferred placement for in-text citations, as per the style guide, is at the end of a sentence. When citing a text, the format is (author's last name page number) or (Khan 11).
To cite a recording of a speech in MLA, use the speaker's last name for in-text citations. For the works-cited-list entry, include the first and last name of the speaker, the title of the speech, the production company, the date, and the URL (if applicable).
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (8th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.
1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557. William N. Pennington Student Achievement Center, Mailstop: 0213. [email protected]. (775) 784-6030. Some sources and situations might require a slight change to standard MLA format. View examples to help with some of the more common, but still tricky, citations you may be faced with.
To cite a dictionary with a single author or editor, just include their name at the start of your Works Cited entry, followed by "editor" if that's how they're identified on the title page. MLA format. Author last name, First name, editor. " Entry Title .". Dictionary Name, Edition, Publisher, Year, p. Page number.
Note: The MLA considers the term "e-book" to refer to publications formatted specifically for reading with an e-book reader device (e.g., a Kindle) or a corresponding web application.These e-books will not have URLs or DOIs. If you are citing book content from an ordinary webpage with a URL, use the "A Page on a Web Site" format above.