a case study waste management

Sustainable Waste Management In Indore: A Case Study

Indore, a fast-growing city in India, has emerged as a model for sustainable waste management practices. Over the past few years, Indore has consistently ranked as the cleanest city in India, thanks to the efficient waste management system put in place by the municipal corporation. 

This case study explores the background, challenges faced, solutions implemented, and key learnings from Indore’s successful waste management system.

Indore, with a population of over 3.2 million people, generates around 1,100 metric tons of waste daily. Prior to 2016, the city struggled with waste management, leading to unhygienic conditions, increased pollution, and negative impacts on public health. 

However, the launch of the Swachh Bharat (Clean India) campaign in 2014 led the Indore Municipal Corporation (IMC) to undertake a comprehensive transformation of its waste management system. This involved an overhaul of existing infrastructure, policies, and community engagement initiatives to create a more efficient and environmentally friendly waste management system.

Challenges faced:

Lack of waste segregation at the source:  

Indore faced issues with mixed waste, which hindered the recycling and disposal process. Unsegregated waste resulted in inefficient waste collection and processing, causing further strain on the waste management system.

Inefficient waste collection and transportation system: 

With limited resources and vehicles, the city’s waste collection and transportation system could not keep up with the growing population and waste generation.

Open dumping and burning of waste: The absence of adequate waste processing facilities led to the practice of open dumping and burning of waste, which contributed to air and land pollution.

Inadequate public awareness and participation: 

Citizens were not fully aware of the importance of waste segregation, recycling, and proper disposal, resulting in low participation rates and disregard for waste management rules.

Limited infrastructure for waste processing and disposal: 

The city’s waste processing and disposal infrastructure was unable to cope with the increasing waste generation, leading to unmanaged landfills and environmental degradation.

Solutions implemented:

Segregation at the source: 

The IMC implemented a mandatory waste segregation policy, requiring households to separate waste into wet (biodegradable) and dry (recyclable) categories. This allowed for more efficient waste collection and processing, as well as increased recycling rates.

Door-to-door waste collection: 

A fleet of over 600 GPS-enabled vehicles were deployed to collect segregated waste daily from all households and commercial establishments. This ensured timely and efficient waste collection, preventing littering and illegal dumping.

Waste processing and disposal: The city established a state-of-the-art waste processing facility capable of handling 1,000 metric tons of waste daily, including a 15 MW waste-to-energy plant and a 200 TPD (tons per day) composting plant. These facilities enabled the city to process and dispose of waste more effectively, reducing the environmental impact of waste disposal.

Public awareness and participation: 

The IMC launched numerous awareness campaigns, involving local celebrities, schools, and religious institutions, to educate the public on the importance of waste segregation and cleanliness. This resulted in increased community involvement and support for the waste management program.

Strict monitoring and enforcement: 

Regular inspections, fines, and incentives were introduced to ensure compliance with waste management rules. This helped maintain the cleanliness of the city and encouraged citizens to adhere to waste segregation and disposal guidelines.

Results achieved:

Waste segregation: 

Over 90% of households in Indore now segregate their waste, significantly improving the efficiency of waste collection and processing, and reducing the burden on landfills.

Waste processing: 

The city’s waste processing facility successfully manages 1,000 metric tons of waste daily, with a 95% waste recovery rate. This has led to a substantial reduction in landfill usage and has minimized the environmental impact of waste disposal.

Cleanliness: 

Indore has consistently ranked as the cleanest city in India in the annual Swachh Survekshan survey since 2017. This highlights the success of the city’s waste management system and the active participation of its residents in maintaining cleanliness.

Health and environment: 

Cases of vector-borne diseases have dropped by 60% since the implementation of the waste management system, and air quality has improved due to reduced open burning of waste. This has led to a healthier environment and improved overall quality of life for Indore’s residents.

Key learnings:

Political will and administrative commitment are crucial for the successful implementation of waste management systems. Indore’s transformation was made possible by strong leadership and a dedicated municipal corporation committed to addressing the city’s waste management challenges.

Public awareness and participation play a significant role in ensuring the success of waste management initiatives. By actively involving the community and raising awareness about the importance of waste segregation and proper disposal, Indore was able to achieve a high level of public participation and support.

Strict monitoring and enforcement mechanisms help ensure compliance with waste management rules and regulations. Indore’s approach to enforcing waste segregation and disposal guidelines, combined with regular inspections and penalties, proved to be effective in maintaining the city’s cleanliness.

Investing in modern waste processing infrastructure can significantly improve the efficiency of waste management systems and reduce environmental impact. Indore’s investment in a state-of-the-art waste processing facility allowed the city to process and dispose of waste more effectively, leading to a substantial reduction in landfill usage and associated environmental issues.

Indore’s transformation into a clean, sustainable city serves as an inspiring example for other urban centers in India and around the world. 

By adopting a comprehensive, integrated approach to waste management, Indore has successfully addressed its waste management challenges and set a benchmark for sustainable urban living. 

The city’s experience provides valuable insights and lessons for other municipalities looking to improve their waste management systems and promote environmental sustainability.

Sustainable waste management through behavioral science: Case studies around the world

Ailin tomio, kremena m. ionkova.

Solid waste management amounts to approximately 5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions , with landfills being the primary source. As climate change continues to pose an ever-looming existential threat to the world and its inhabitants, managing waste more sustainably and efficiently is critical (See figure 1). The waste management process involves many stakeholders, including businesses, governments, households, community organizations, and waste pickers. These stakeholders influence where and how waste is generated, sorted, recycled, and disposed of, and how waste services are paid for. In a recently published report “ Behavior change in solid waste management: A compendium of cases ,” we assessed 30 case studies from different countries with a mix of income levels and geographies to explore how behavioral changes can vastly help improve waste management.

Figure 1. Waste Management Hierarchy

Source:  TheGPSC.org

Successful waste management depends on stakeholder participation, social support, and a strong social contract with citizens. Many barriers hinder people from adopting sustainable waste-related practices, including ingrained habits, lack of knowledge, inconvenience, time burdens, and structural limitations such as inadequate infrastructure or prohibitive costs. 

Behavioral scientists have investigated what influences people’s decision-making and the necessary tools to facilitate actionable change. These tools can complement traditional policies and make it easier for people to adopt sustainable waste management practices. For example, Korea introduced eco-labeling regimes to make it easier for consumers to purchase more recycled or refillable products. Tonga created a feedback mechanism to allow residents to comment on service delivery and offer suggestions for improvements.

Charging lower fees for households who participate in sorting their waste into different categories (e.g., recyclables) can improve participation rates and more sustainable outcomes. For instance, in Romania, the government decreased the size of residual waste containers to deter unnecessary binning and residents paid lower collection fees if they sorted their waste.

The case studies in our report tackle three distinct categories of behaviors, looking at how to get people to:         i)    use waste services,         ii)   be more sustainable with their waste disposal, and         iii)  generate less waste. 

The case studies look at what motivates stakeholders and the mechanisms that can help change waste management behaviors:

• Financial mechanisms: Positive, negative, or randomly assigned incentives influence behaviors differently. We include both traditional tools and variations recommended by behavioral science, such as material rewards and negative incentives. For example, in Sălacea, Romania, the government used negative incentives to deter littering . Government officials mailed letters to the residents’ address, along with a fine (e.g., EUR 100) making a clear association between the undesired behavior and its consequences.
• Social and motivational mechanisms: Social networks, personal motivations, and peer expectations can encourage behavior change. For instance, highlighting that most people in a community recycle can motivate others to do the same. In Oldham, near Manchester in the United Kingdom, recognizing above and below average recycling performance with smiley and frown face emojis encouraged food waste recycling.
• System design mechanisms: Changing the physical environment can facilitate desired behaviors or discourage undesired behaviors. For example, placing recycling bins in convenient locations or making them more visually prominent can encourage people to recycle. In Colombia, the government introduced the Green Containers Program and distributed bins and Bokashi (a composting material made of rice or wheat bran) to households, making it easier for households to compost. (See Figure 2)

Figure 2. Green Containers Program in Colombia

Source: Empresa de Servicios Públicos de Cajicá   

These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive. The choice of mechanism is situationally dependent. Since there are often multiple barriers to making environmentally friendly decisions, these mechanisms can work together to guide behavioral change. See some of the tools in the figure below.

Figure 3. Mechanisms to promote behavior change

By understanding the factors that influence decision-making and incorporating behavioral tools, policymakers can promote sustainable waste management behaviors. To learn more, read our report , and visit our website . What tools would be the most helpful for your city or community?

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NCACE - 2016 (Volume 4 - Issue 23)

Solid waste management: a case study of jaipur city.

• Article Download / Views: 36,050
• Total Downloads : 15
• Authors : Sudarshan Kumar, Somendra Sharma, Suraj Jaluthriya
• Paper ID : IJERTCONV4IS23003
• Volume & Issue : NCACE – 2016 (Volume 4 – Issue 23)
• Published (First Online): 24-04-2018
• ISSN (Online) : 2278-0181
• Publisher Name : IJERT

Sudarshan Kumar, Somendra Sharma, Suraj Jaluthriya

Department of Civil Engineering, Poornima Group of Institutions, Jaipur (Rajasthan), India

Abstract Solid Waste Management is a major concern worldwide. Inadequate handling of generated solid waste causes serious hazards to environment as well as living beings. This worldwide problem is also predominating in Jaipur city also. This case study is done to look out for obstacles and prospects of Solid Waste in Jaipur. Acomprehensive study was done regarding collection, transportation, handling, storage, disposal and treatment of solid wastegenerated in Jaipur city. The data acquired related to SWM was collected through site visits and interfacing with people. This study discloses that there is no proper mechanism in the city for treatment of solid waste generated, this leads to dumping of waste in open areas which causes various problems to environment as well as humans living in that vicinity.

Key Words: Solid waste management, Individual field test, Urban environment, Environmental Pollution

INTRODUCTION

Like many cities of India, Jaipur is undergoing rapid development. In Jaipur, the population was 2.34 million according to the 2001 census, and is now estimated to be over

3.5 million Solid waste management is an important part of urban and environmental management, like other infrastructural services has come under great stress, consider low priority areas, solid waste management was never takenup sincerelynor by public nor by concerned agency or authorities and in present time the solid waste is impacting our heath, environment and well-being. Waste minimization is a techniquewhich isused for waste reduction, primarily through reduction at source, it also includes recycling and re- use of waste materials. The benefits ofminimizing of waste is both environmental friendly and of less cost. To execute proper waste management, various points have to be considered such as: Source reduction, Onsite storage, Collection & transfer, Processing, and Disposal. Solid waste may be defined as production of unacceptable substances which is left after they are used once [1].With the increase in various sectors exponentially, more inputs are required. This necessarily means more output is also produced, and established itself in a large amount of waste. Waste is simply something that is no longer deemed useful and is dumped. However, a change in approach to view waste as a resource rather than as something useless is the first step needed to decrease it. Waste can be divided into four categories: solid waste, hazardous waste, biomedical waste, and electronic waste. Municipal solid waste (MSW) includes what is thrown out by households and the commercial sector, such as food leftover, yard abstract, and construction debris. It isvery important to consider because it is the waste that the

normal public has the most contact with, and has a high political profile because the public is made up of voters. Also, MSW is one of the harder types of wastes to manage as it has many different elements, so if it can be managed efficiently, then management of other types of solid waste that are homogenous by nature will be easy to manage.

Jaipurs daily production of solid waste is almost1150 MT/day. Out of which around200-250 MT still remains on the streets and roads, that means lifting efficiency is around 80%. The per capita solid waste generation per day isaround 450 gm, which withafamily size of almostfive, results in 1.75 kg/day.There is none of data published on the composition of waste in Jaipur, although the figures of India in generally are reasonably accuratedepiction for Jaipur also. In India, thecomposition of waste is around 50% biodegradable, 25% inertwaste 9% plastic, 8% paper, 4%scraps, and 1% glass. The composition of different wastes keeps varying from season to season. In thesummer time there is more biodegradable waste produced because of more vegetation.The composition ofplastic in waste has probably been decreasing due to the recent ban on plastic bags in Rajasthan from beginning August 2010[2].Solid waste management was selected as the topic of this study because it is a visible environmental sustainability issue that India is confronting, since Jaipur is a rapidly developing city, effective waste management practices is especially needed. The objective of the study was to learn as much as possible about Jaipurs SWM through a broad-based approach.

Management of the transfer station or community bin.Secondary collection and transport to the waste disposal site. Waste disposal in landfill sitesbut in most of the Indian cities open dumping is the Common Practices which ispolluting environment and Public health.

Main sources of Solid Waste

Household waste, Commercials waste, Hotels, Clinics and dispensaries waste, Construction and demolition waste, Horticulture, Sludge

Solid Waste Management in Jaipur

Central Pollution Control Board conducted a study on the status of Municipal Solid Waste Collection, Treatment & Disposal in and around Jaipur City in 2007-2008. Most of the population of the city does not store the waste at source and instead disposes the waste into the garbage bins, roads, open

spaces, drainage pipes, etc. Isolation of recyclable waste is not practiced. Most of the recyclable material is also disposed of with domestic and trade waste. Therefore, recyclable waste is generally found mixed with rubbish on the streets, into the garbage bins and at the dumping zones from where part of this waste is picked up by the street sweepers. There is no door-to-door collection systemavailable of waste except in case of few housing societies. Street sweeping is thus the only process of primary collection of waste. There has been a momentous increase in the production of solid waste in Jaipur over the last few decades. The daily predicted generation of municipal solid waste in Jaipur city is about 1050 to 1150 TPD (tonnes per day), which is collected through street sweepers and from community waste storage sites. Thewaste generally transported every day is 900 TPD, which is about 85% of the waste generated in the city. Remaining solid waste is transported through specialdrives which happen weekly. This report further explain about SWM of Jaipur city is that the main system of primary collection of waste is street sweeping. There are about6400 streets sweepers in the city for street cleaning. Some roads are cleaned each day and some are cleaned periodically, twice a week or once in a week. Transportation of waste is done through a variety of vehicles such as 3-wheelers, tractors and trucks. Thevehicles are loaded manually with help of labours and these are used for 2-3 shifts in a day. Insufficient number of transport vehicles is also a major concern. The transportation system also does notis in sync with the systemof primary collection and waste storage facilities.

Status of SWM in Jaipur City

It was seen that there was lack of community garbage collection facility in slums; slum dwellers community dump their garbage nearby the living area.

The refuse bins in old Jaipur area were very dirty and overflowing. People often threw thegarbage outside the garbage bins. The inconvenience of huge garbage on streets and sorting by the sweepers or moving stray animals on thestreets represent very ugly scene.

It was observed at many places in the morning, thick black smoke spreaded over large areas on the roads due to burning of fallen leaves, plastics and other wastes.

Mot of the drains along the road and even main sewer lines near Mother Dairy, Bais Godam, Durgapura and Pratapnagar were found blocked due to indiscriminate dumping ofGarbage

Graph I. Waste generation rate

The use of commercial trucks with or without hydraulic system for waste transportation was very common in Jaipur City. It has a carrying capacity of 3.5 to 8.0 Tonwaste at a time. Garbage from the roadside garbage bins is lifted manually and thrown into thetrucks. Besides this, tractor, dumper placer, mobile compactor etc. were also used to transportwaste to the dumping site.

JMC had one mechanized sweeping machine to pick garbage from not reachable places.Presently, JMC uses this machine on highways, mainly in traffic congested areas.

Quantities of Waste Generated and its characteristics in City

Waste Quantity-916 TPD

Waste Generation Rate-0.59 kg/c/day Compostables-45.50%

Recyclables-12.10 % Moisture Present-21%

System Implementation

Solid waste is managed by the JMC.Sweepers bring the waste to a municipal bin. Two to three sweepers come to one container. The JMC bought about 800 waste disposal bins to be distributed throughout the city. In theory, one-cubic-meter waste disposal bins with a storage capacity of half ton of waste are placed every 250 meters along streets. Currently 55 of the 77 wards have containers; the wards of the Old City are notcontainerized due to past objections, likely regarding space concerns.Those containersthat are in usage are often in very poor condition, with holes so big that waste is spilling out the sides. There are approximately 40 such bins in Civil Lines, according to a permanent garbage worker who works there. In Civil Lines at least, JMC lorries are observed to arrive around 7:30 AM to remove the waste. Two large bins of 2.5 or 3.5 cubic meters can fit on each lorry. Each bin is mechanically hoisted up onto the back of the lorry, and in its place an empty bin is left. In other areas such as along JLN Marg, residents dispose of their own waste in community bins which are shared by about 20-25 homes. A municipal van comes daily topick it up.

Issues in waste management in Jaipur

There is a rate of 10-20% absenteeism at thework place.30 At times, rather than coming to work, workers will just send someone else in their place. There are about 100 days off a year (including Sundays) when the formal sector workers do not collect garbage and it just sits on the streets. However even the percentage Jaipur spends on staff salaries seems disproportionately high. This is likely a result of hiring more employees every year without increasing each of their duties accordingly, so more people are covering the same work. The C/N ratio ranges from 20 to 30. Calorific value ranges between 800-1000 Kcal/kg. In cities, the major fraction is compostable materials is 40-60% and that of inert 30-50%. The organic fraction increases while moving from rural to urban areas. The percentage of recyclable waste is verymuch low as these are picked up by the street sweepers from the houses. Treatment and disposal methods in use in India for MSW mainly include land filling, composting and very few wastes to energy initiatives (incineration, RDF and bio methane). Jaipur is also facing the similar situation where open, uncontrolled and poorly managed land filling is common.

Disposal sites in Jaipur

Mathura Das Pura: This site is located in the east of the city. Total area for the site was 176 Bighas. This site is the old most site and is about 17 Km from the main city. Approximately 300-400 TPD of garbage is being dumped every day at this site.

Langariyawas: This site is located in the east direction of the city, 3-4 Km from the Mathura-Das-Pura. The area of this landfill site is 483 bigha.

Sewapura: This site is located at a distance of 20 Km from the main city on Jaipur-Delhi highway. Its total area is

Total amount of waste dumped in these 3 dumping sites and vehicles taking number of trips to these sites in a particular time period (source JMC)

200 bigha.Approximately, 200-300 TPD of garbage was being gone every day to this site.

The overall objective of this study was to investigate Jaipurs solid waste management system by how the system is implemented, the successes and challenges and how those

challenges are being addressed, and the nature of public- private partnerships and how they can be improved. At the conclusion of the study, it was found that Jaipurs waste management system involves many types of workers who all have specialized jobs, including government executives in political and administrative positions, a permanent and impermanent faction in the formal sector, the informal sector and private contractors. The formal sector seems to be carrying out their duties effectively and on time, and there are few complaints from citizens about their interaction with waste service providers. Still there are many areas for improvement, including better law implementation and reinforcement, reduction of corruption, updated technology, better-trained staff, more manpower, increased education and awareness, and more funding. With growing population and economy of the urban regions in the state, generation of municipal solid waste is on the rise. The usage of plastics is despoiling the landscape, blocking drainage systems, and affecting health ofanimals. There is a need to ensure proper collection, segregation, processing and disposal of solid waste.

SUGGESTIONS

In improving collection mechanism

Waste must be collected at pre-informed timings.The arrival of waste collectors should be announced through methods such as ringing a bell.

Waste can be kept inside or outside the house.Different bins for different varieties of wastes must be kept so that each category of wastewill follow a different path.

In improving storage of solid waste

The transfer station needed to be so designed such that the waste can directly be transferred into a large vehicle or container.Large vehicles having containers with a capacity of 20-30 cubic meters are typically used for disposal sites which are at long distance.The design and capacity of transfer stations and storage equipment largely depends on thequantity of waste and on type of vehicles used for primary and secondary waste.

In improving Transportation of solid waste

Under the 2000 rules, the transport vehicle must be covered. In the beginning, therefore,municipal authorities needed to provide a cover for existing vehicles.The transport of waste can be managed and monitored centrally and through a largedecentralized settlement. In either case, municipal officers should ensure the efficiency ofthe arrangement. Transport services can be contracted out to private operators.The transport system must be coordinated with the secondary storage system of waste toprevent manual and multiple handling of waste.

In improving Disposal of solid waste

Treatment of organic waste -Household waste can contain 40 or 50 percent organic waste. Waste from vegetable markets contain even higher in amounts. As organic waste cause major hygienic and environmental problems in cities and at landfills, the 2000 rules mandate improved management and treatment of this fraction before final disposal [3]. Several treatment methods for organic waste are available like composting, anaerobic digestion, Incineration etc.

Treatment of Inorganic Waste-The inorganic portion of municipal household waste can be divided into recyclable materials and non-recyclable materials. The earlier recyclable materials are separated from the solid waste, the higher their value and the easier will be the further processing methods. The appropriate treatment method or inorganic waste will depend on its physical and chemical characteristics and also

on its reuse potential. In India, the principal treatment method for inorganic waste is recycling.

Disposal in Landfills

L Oliver Solid waste management of Jaipur-An overview and analysis. 2011

Amit Singh Municipal Solid Waste Management in current Status and Way2011

Rahul Nandwana and R C Chhipa Impact of Solid Waste Disposal on Ground Water Quality in Different Disposal Site at Jaipur, India.2014

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Waste Management Case Study

These materials are designed to help federal managers and others learn about best practices in waste diversion. .

U.S. Federal Government Goal: E.O. 13693 requires Federal Agencies to divert at least 50 percent of non-hazardous solid waste, including food and compostable material, and non-hazardous construction and demolition materials and debris.

"The overlapping crises of our time present an opportunity to build more resilient cities by implementing zero waste models.

The Electric Vehicle Batteries and Waste Colonialism Info Sheet emphasizes that transnational movements of spent electric vehicle (EV) batteries...

The Collection and Transportation Logistics of Electric Vehicle Battery Recycling Info Sheet outlines main barriers to efficient battery collection...

Plastic has taken over the world in the past few decades and has burdened Africa’s environments and waste management...

Info Sheet: Electric Vehicle Batteries and Waste Colonialism

The Electric Vehicle Batteries and Waste Colonialism Info Sheet emphasizes that transnational movements of spent electric vehicle (EV) batteries from high-income countries to countries in the Global South raise concerns on waste colonialism, when the destination countries are ill-equipped to safely handle this toxic waste. Major loops exist in international and regional frameworks such as Basel Convention and the EU Battery Regulation, which calls for the need to regulate exports of used EVs and EV batteries on safety, repairability, reusability, recyclability, and access to information on battery condition and movements.

Download This Resource

• 07-Battery-Infosheet-EV-Battery-Risks-of-Waste-Colonialism

Related Resources

Info sheet: collection and transportation logistics of electric vehicle battery recycling.

The Collection and Transportation Logistics of Electric Vehicle Battery Recycling Info Sheet outlines main barriers to efficient battery collection systems, including high costs for long-distance transportation, complexity of handling battery scrap, and lack of policy and regulation. Such lack of a coordinated collection and transportation network has environmental justice implications, especially in countries in the Global South, where unregulated recycling practices pose risks to workers and the environment without adequate infrastructure or safety measures. Governments can play a pivotal role in coordinating for strategic facility citing, ensuring open access to battery state of health information, and providing incentives for battery collection.

Life Before Plastic Case Study [English & French]

Plastic has taken over the world in the past few decades and has burdened Africa’s environments and waste management systems. Africa is no stranger to the plastic problem even if it accounts for only 5% of the global plastic production rates and consumes only 4% of global plastics volumes. In this publication on, The Life before Plastic: Demonstrating Traditional Practices of Reuse in Africa, we explore the problem of plastics on the continent and examine the laws, policies and multilateral agreements put in place to govern plastic waste management and trade. The publication more importantly showcases examples of traditional practices made of natural materials widely used across the African continent as alternatives to plastic. Further, GAIA and BFFP Africa members provide an insight on existing reuse and refill systems on the continent and examine how reuse and refill can be made a stronger part of Africa’s journey towards ending plastic pollution. In conclusion, the Life Before Plastic publication delves into how current and traditional zero waste systems can be sustained in the future by providing and addressing recommendations on corporate accountability, policy makers responsibility and consumer responsibility through making zero waste a lifestyle.

• gaia-life-before-plastic_ENGLISH
• gaia-life-before-plastic_FRENCH
• Latest News To Solve the Climate Crisis, We Must Solve the Plastic Crisis Zambia's First National Symposium for Waste Pickers on Plastic Pollution Call to Suspend the Asian Development Bank's Board Deliberations on the Energy Policy 2021
• Upcoming Events Webinar: Creating effective systems for reuse Webinar: Are we getting closer to a circular economy in Europe?

Towards Sustainability: The Zero Waste Market and Anti-Incineration Campaign at Pessu Market.

In the heart of Pessu Market, a transformative initiative is underway, led by the Green Knowledge Foundation in Nigeria. The “Zero Waste Market and Anti-Incineration Campaign” aims to address the pressing issues of waste management and environmental pollution, promoting sustainable practices and raising awareness about the hazards of incineration in Nigeria. This project is not just about cleaning up; it’s about creating a sustainable future for the community and beyond.

For over 30 years, the slaughterhouse at Pessu Market has been a significant contributor to waste generation and environmental pollution. The excessive use of wood for slaughtering processes, improper waste disposal, and the detrimental effects of the resulting smoke on workers’ health, as well as the health of the surrounding community, have necessitated urgent action. The absence of an alternative source for heating water has exacerbated the reliance on fuelwood, making the need for a comprehensive solution even more critical.

In response to these challenges, the project adopts a holistic approach to tackling waste management and energy needs while promoting the concept of zero waste. The Green Knowledge Foundation has been working diligently to engage market associations and community leaders, ensuring the long-term sustainability of these initiatives. The buy-in and endorsement by the local government authority have been pivotal, providing free land for the construction of a biodigester. Additionally, the enthusiastic support from market executives has been instrumental in driving the project forward, ensuring smooth execution and sustainability.

The project has already seen significant progress. The initiation phase, which included a project inception meeting with stakeholders and a site assessment at the Pessu Market slaughterhouse, has been completed. Stakeholders have been identified and engaged, setting the stage for the next phases. The design and construction phase is well underway, with the biodigester system and solar-powered system designs completed. Procurement of materials and equipment is ongoing, and the construction and installation of the biodigester and solar-powered system are in progress.

Parallel to the construction efforts, the waste management education phase is also moving forward. Educational materials have been developed, and organizations and NGOs for training of trainers have been identified. The training session has been completed, and the training and sensitization of market users are set to commence next week.

Despite the progress, the project has faced challenges. Scheduling meetings with stakeholders and trainers required the input and agreement of market executives, causing some delays. Additionally, waiting for independent engineers to confirm work done at each milestone delayed the continuation of construction. The lesson learned here is to carry out independent measurements alongside the construction process rather than waiting for deliverables or milestones.

Currently, the project is in the waste management education phase, focusing on training market users and preparing for the anti-incineration campaign while the construction of the biodigester and solar-powered heating system continues. The next steps include completing the construction and installation of the systems, finishing the training of market users, launching the anti-incineration campaign, and continuing to monitor progress and evaluate impact.

The project is progressing steadily, with key activities either completed or ongoing. The next phase will focus on training market users and launching the anti-incineration campaign, marking a significant step towards a sustainable and waste-free future for Pessu Market.

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• Country * Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antarctica Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Bouvet Island Brazil British Indian Ocean Territory Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Christmas Island Cocos Islands Colombia Comoros Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Cook Islands Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Eswatini (Swaziland) Ethiopia Falkland Islands Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia French Southern Territories Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Gibraltar Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guernsey Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Heard and McDonald Islands Holy See Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Isle of Man Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jersey Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macau Macedonia Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Montserrat Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Niue Norfolk Island North Korea Northern Mariana Islands Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Palestine, State of Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Pitcairn Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Réunion Saint Barthélemy Saint Helena Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Sint Maarten Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Georgia South Korea South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tokelau Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Turks and Caicos Islands Tuvalu US Minor Outlying Islands Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Virgin Islands, British Virgin Islands, U.S. Wallis and Futuna Western Sahara Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Åland Islands