subway franchise business plan

Subway Business Plan Template

Written by Dave Lavinsky

Over the past 20+ years, we have helped over 1,000 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans to start and grow their Subway companies.

If you’re unfamiliar with creating a Subway business plan, you may think creating one will be a time-consuming and frustrating process. For most entrepreneurs it is, but for you, it won’t be since we’re here to help. We have the experience, resources, and knowledge to help you create a great business plan.

In this article, you will learn some background information on why business planning is important. Then, you will learn how to write a Subway business plan step-by-step so you can create your plan today.

Download our Ultimate Business Plan Template here >

What is a Subway Business Plan?

A business plan provides a snapshot of your Subway business as it stands today, and lays out your growth plan for the next five years. It explains your business goals and your strategies for reaching them. It also includes market research to support your plans.

Why You Need a Business Plan for a Subway Franchise

If you’re looking to start a Subway business or grow your existing Subway company, you need a business plan. A business plan will help you raise funding, if needed, and plan out the growth of your Subway business to improve your chances of success. Your Subway business plan is a living document that should be updated annually as your company grows and changes.

Sources of Funding for Subway Businesses

With regard to funding, the main sources of funding for a Subway business are personal savings, credit cards, bank loans, and angel investors. When it comes to bank loans, banks will want to review your business plan and gain confidence that you will be able to repay your loan and interest. To acquire this confidence, the loan officer will not only want to ensure that your financials are reasonable, but they will also want to see a professional plan. Such a plan will give them the confidence that you can successfully and professionally operate a business. Personal savings and bank loans are the most common funding paths for Subway companies.

Finish Your Business Plan Today!

How to write a business plan for a subway business.

If you want to start a Subway business or expand your current Subway business, you need a business plan. The guide below details the necessary information for how to write each essential component of your Subway business plan.

Executive Summary

Your executive summary provides an introduction to your business plan, but it is normally the last section you write because it provides a summary of each key section of your plan.

The goal of your executive summary is to quickly engage the reader. Explain to them the kind of Subway business you are running and the status. For example, are you a startup, do you have a Subway business that you would like to grow, or are you operating a chain of Subway locations?

Next, provide an overview of each of the subsequent sections of your plan.

• Give a brief overview of the Subway industry.
• Discuss the type of Subway business you are operating.
• Detail your direct competitors. Give an overview of your target customers.
• Provide a snapshot of your marketing strategy. Identify the key members of your team.
• Offer an overview of your financial plan.

Company Overview

In your company overview, you will detail the type of Subway business you are operating.

For example, you might specialize in one of the following types of Subway businesses:

• Traditional Subway Business: In this type of Subway business, you will serve customers in a retail operation, offering menu items from the Subway corporate headquarters to serve public customers.
• Non-Traditional Subway Business: If you are opening a non-traditional Subway business, your location will determine the food choices offered and layout of your restaurant. Such locations are found in hospitals, specialty restaurants within a larger restaurant, those in airport locations and others in sports arena locations.
• Subway Express: This type of Subway business is focused on customers who have a limited amount of time. Menu items are limited to fast, favorite items and pricing is based on basic menu fare without customized ingredients. Found in convenience stores and pocket retail shops, these businesses are smaller than traditional, but typically serve high-volumes of fast food.

In addition to explaining the type of Subway business you will operate, the company overview needs to provide background on the business.

Include answers to questions such as:

• When and why did you start the business?
• What milestones have you achieved to date? Milestones could include the number of customers served, the amount of revenue during the past six months, opening a second Subway store location, etc.
• Your legal business structure. Are you incorporated as an S-Corp? An LLC? A sole proprietorship? Explain your legal structure here.

Industry Analysis

In your industry or market analysis, you need to provide an overview of the Subway industry.

While this may seem unnecessary, it serves multiple purposes.

First, researching the Subway industry educates you. It helps you understand the market in which you are operating.

Secondly, market research can improve your marketing strategy, particularly if your analysis identifies market trends.

The third reason is to prove to readers that you are an expert in your industry. By conducting the research and presenting it in your plan, you achieve just that.

The following questions should be answered in the industry analysis section of your Subway business plan:

• How big is the Subway industry (in dollars)?
• Is the market declining or increasing?
• Who are the key competitors in the market?
• Who are the key suppliers in the market?
• What trends are affecting the industry?
• What is the industry’s growth forecast over the next 5 – 10 years?
• What is the relevant market size? That is, how big is the potential target market for your Subway business? You can extrapolate such a figure by assessing the size of the market in the entire country and then applying that figure to your local population.

Customer Analysis

The customer analysis section of your Subway business plan must detail the customers you serve and/or expect to serve.

The following are examples of customer segments: individuals, corporations, civic organizations and event/venue organizers.

As you can imagine, the customer segment(s) you choose will have a great impact on the type of Subway business you operate. Clearly, individuals would respond to different marketing promotions than corporations, for example.

Try to break out your target customers in terms of their demographic and psychographic profiles. With regard to demographics, including a discussion of the ages, genders, locations, and income levels of the potential customers you seek to serve.

Psychographic profiles explain the wants and needs of your target customers. The more you can recognize and define these needs, the better you will do in attracting and retaining your customers.

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Competitive Analysis

Your competitive analysis should identify the indirect and direct competitors your business faces and then focus on the latter.

Direct competitors are other Subway businesses.

Indirect competitors are other options that customers have to purchase from that aren’t directly competing with your product or service. This includes grocery stores, specialty fast food outlets, and traditional dining rooms.

For each direct competitor, provide an overview of their business and document their strengths and weaknesses. Unless you once worked at your competitors’ businesses, it will be impossible to know everything about them. But you should be able to find out key things about them such as

• What types of customers do they serve?
• What type of fast food business are they?
• What is their pricing (premium, low, etc.)?
• What sets their business apart from others?
• What are their weaknesses?

With regard to the last two questions, think about your answers from the customers’ perspective. And, don’t be afraid to ask your competitors’ customers what they like most and least about them.

The final part of your competitive analysis section is to document your areas of competitive advantage. For example:

• Will you provide options for high-volume customers?
• Will you offer products or services that your competition doesn’t?
• Will you provide better customer service?
• Will you offer better pricing?

Think about ways you will outperform your competition and document them in this section of your plan.

Marketing Plan

Traditionally, a marketing plan includes the four P’s: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. For a Subway business plan, your marketing strategy should include the following:

Product : In the product section, you should reiterate the type of Subway company that you documented in your company overview. Then, detail the specific products or services you will be offering. For example, will you provide Subway fare to college-aged students on a large scale promotional basis?

Price : Document the prices you will offer and how they compare to your competitors. Essentially in the product and price sub-sections of your plan, you are presenting the products and/or services you offer and their prices.

Place : Place refers to the site of your Subway company. Document where your company is situated and mention how the site will impact your success. For example, is your Subway business located in a busy retail district, a business district, or a standalone building? Discuss how your site might be the ideal location for your customers.

Promotions : The final part of your Subway marketing plan is where you will document how you will drive potential customers to your location(s). The following are some promotional methods you might consider:

• Advertise in local papers, radio stations and/or magazines
• Reach out to websites
• Distribute direct mail pieces to your target audience
• Engage in email marketing
• Advertise on social media platforms
• Improve the SEO (search engine optimization) with target keywords on your website

Operations Plan

While the earlier sections of your business plan explained your goals, your operations plan describes how you will meet them. Your operations plan should have two distinct sections as follows.

Everyday short-term processes include all of the tasks involved in running your Subway business, including answering calls, planning and stocking Subway items, paying invoices, contacting customers, etc.

Long-term goals are the milestones you hope to achieve. These could include the dates when you expect to sell your 100th Subway sandwich, or when you hope to reach $X in revenue. It could also be when you expect to expand your Subway business to a second or third location.

Management Team

To demonstrate your Subway business’ potential to succeed, a strong management team is essential. Highlight your key players’ backgrounds, emphasizing those skills and experiences that prove their ability to grow a company.

Ideally, you and/or your team members have direct experience in managing Subway businesses. If so, highlight this experience and expertise. But, also highlight any experience that you think will help your business succeed.

If your team is lacking, consider assembling an advisory board. An advisory board would include 2 to 8 individuals who would act as mentors to your business. They would help answer questions and provide strategic guidance. If needed, look for advisory board members with experience in managing a Subway business or successfully running a Subway restaurant in a commercial building.

Financial Plan

Your financial plan should include your 5-year financial statement broken out both monthly or quarterly for the first year and then annually. Your financial statements include your income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statements.

Income Statement

An income statement is more commonly called a Profit and Loss statement or P&L. It shows your revenue and then subtracts your costs to show whether you turned a profit or not.

In developing your income statement, you need to devise assumptions. For example, will you serve 50 customers per day, and/or offer special Subway sales online? And will sales grow by 2% or 10% per year? As you can imagine, your choice of assumptions will greatly impact the financial forecasts for your business. As much as possible, conduct research to try to root your assumptions in reality.

Balance Sheets

Balance sheets show your assets and liabilities. While balance sheets can include much information, try to simplify them to the key items you need to know about. For instance, if you spend $50,000 on building out your Subway business, this will not give you immediate profits. Rather it is an asset that will hopefully help you generate profits for years to come. Likewise, if a lender writes you a check for $50,000, you don’t need to pay it back immediately. Rather, that is a liability you will pay back over time.

Cash Flow Statement

Your cash flow statement will help determine how much money you need to start or grow your business, and ensure you never run out of money. What most entrepreneurs and business owners don’t realize is that you can turn a profit, but run out of money and go bankrupt.

When creating your Income Statement and Balance Sheets be sure to include several of the key costs needed in starting or growing a Subway business:

• Cost of inventory and related packaging
• Cost of furnishings or accessories
• Payroll or salaries paid to staff
• Business insurance
• Other start-up expenses (if you’re a new business) like legal expenses, permits, computer software, office supplies and equipment

Attach your full financial projections in the appendix of your plan, along with any supporting documents that make your plan more compelling. For example, you might include your office location lease or a list of friends and associates who are already lined up to buy Subway from your business.

Writing a business plan for your Subway business is a worthwhile endeavor. If you follow the template above, by the time you are done, you will truly be an expert. You will understand the Subway industry, your competition, and your customers. You will develop a marketing strategy and will understand what it takes to launch and grow a successful Subway business.

Subway Business Plan FAQs

What is the easiest way to complete my subway business plan.

Growthink's Ultimate Business Plan Template allows you to quickly and easily write your subway business plan.

How Do You Start a Subway Business?

Starting a Subway business is easy with these 14 steps:

• Choose the Name for Your Subway Business
• Create Your Subway Business Plan
• Choose the Legal Structure for Your Subway Business
• Secure Startup Funding for Your Subway Business (If Needed)
• Secure a Location for Your Business
• Register Your Subway Business with the IRS
• Open a Business Bank Account
• Get a Business Credit Card
• Get the Required Business Licenses and Permits
• Get Business Insurance for Your Subway Business
• Buy or Lease the Right Subway Business Equipment
• Develop Your Subway Business Marketing Materials
• Purchase and Setup the Software Needed to Run Your Subway Business
• Open for Business

Where Can I Download a Free Business Plan Template PDF?

Click here to download the pdf version of our basic business plan template.

Our free business plan template pdf allows you to see the key sections to complete in your plan and the key questions that each must answer. The business plan pdf will definitely get you started in the right direction.

We do offer a premium version of our business plan template. Click here to learn more about it. The premium version includes numerous features allowing you to quickly and easily create a professional business plan. Its most touted feature is its financial projections template which allows you to simply enter your estimated sales and growth rates, and it automatically calculates your complete five-year financial projections including income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow statements. Here’s the link to our Ultimate Business Plan Template.

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Since 1999, Growthink has developed business plans for thousands of companies who have gone on to achieve tremendous success.   Click here to see how Growthink’s business plan writers can create your business plan for you.

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Subway Business Plan Template

Jul.18, 2018

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Table of Content

Do you want to start Subways business?

Do you want to start a Subway business? Subway is one of the most famous American privately held fast food restaurant franchises whose core product is the sub – submarine sandwich. In addition to that, Subway also sells salads, paninis, and baked items like doughnuts, muffins, etc.

Subway is one of the biggest food chains in the world and opening a Subway franchise is undoubtedly an extremely profitable venture. In case, you don’t know how to start Subway business franchise, the first thing you must do is to create a detailed business plan covering all business requirements. Your business plan is the most important thing that can earn you a Subway franchise among other applicants. For writing an effective business plan, we are providing the business plan for a startup Subway franchise located in Hillsborough, California.

Executive Summary

2.1 the business.

The Subway franchise, located in Hillsborough, California, will be bought and owned by Harry Jacob. Jacob is a well-known franchisee who has been in this business for the past 10 years. He is currently running three franchises of notable restaurants in California.

2.2 Management

Jacob has more than 10 years’ experience in operating franchises of famous food chains. For his new venture, he has made an incredible Subway business model  in which the main emphasis is made on the franchise’s management since it is the key deciding factor of the success of any startup. Jacob will hire a small team which will be trained for one month before onboarding.

2.3 Customers

Our target market will the residential community based in Hillsborough along with the non-residents – people who don’t live near us but have come to the area for any purpose.

2.4 Target of the Company

Our business targets are as follows:

Company Summary

3.1 company owner.

Harry Jacob will be the owner of the new Subway franchise in Hillsborough, California. Jacob is a well-known franchisee who has been in this business for the past 10 years. He is currently running three franchises of notable restaurants in California.

3.2 Why the Business is being started

Jacob has been in the food franchising business for a decade and is now looking forward to expanding his business by adding another promising franchise to his ownership. Considering that Subway has performed really well in more than a hundred countries with its over 45,000 stores, Jacob is willing to invest what’s needed for availing the incredible Subway business opportunities .

3.3 How the Business will be started

For starting the franchise, a 2-storey restaurant building will be procured on lease in Hillsborough. After getting the business registered by the tax authorities, Jacob will purchase furniture, machines, material, and crockery. The costs for startup are as follows:

The startup requirements are as follows:

Services for customers

The success of a food restaurant greatly depends on the quality and nutrition of the food products. Subway is the world top franchise restaurant and for buying their franchise, you have to provide the same services with the same quality. If you don’t know what services are provided by a Subway restaurant, you can take help from this   sample business plan for Subway franchise .

Initially, we will provide the following nutritional products:

• Sandwiches: Black Forest Ham, Chicken & Bacon Ranch Melt, Meatball Marinara, Oven Roasted Chicken, Roast Beef, Rotisserie-Style Chicken, Steak & Cheese, Subway Club®, Classic Tuna & Turkey Breast
• Signature Wraps: Black Forest Ham, Steak & Cheese, Subway Club®, Classic Tuna & Turkey Breast

We’ll provide dine-in, takeaway & free-delivery service to our customers.

Marketing Analysis of Subways business

The most important component of the Subway business plans  is the marketing plan which can only be developed after an accurate market analysis. Before creating your Subway business plan , you must analyze whether the market you are going to choose has demand for your business or not. While developing your Subway franchise business plan , you should also keep in mind that several people will be sharing the same business in the same locality. If you are planning to start a Subway franchise business, you can take help from this Subway sample business plan or any other Subway business plan sample  available online.

5.1 Marketing Trends

Before starting a Subway franchise, it is good to have a solid understanding of the market positioning of the Subway brand. Subway is the world’s second-largest food franchise after Wendy’s. As of 2017, Subway had more than 45,000 stores in about 112 countries and was generating more than $422,000 on average annually.

The number of Subway locations has been increasing day-by-day which indicates the popularity of this food chain. The situation is no different in the United States, where sub sandwiches are one of the most popular fast foods, especially among the teenagers.

5.2 Marketing Segmentation

Our primary target market will the residential community based in Hillsborough. Our experts have identified the following segmentation of our target market:

The detailed marketing segmentation of our target audience is as follows:

5.2.1 Residents: Our primary target market will the residential community based in Hillsborough. American people love Subway sandwiches especially the children and teenagers so we hope to have a lot of sales from the residents living near us.

5.2.2 Non-Residents: Our secondary market will be non-residents or the people who don’t live in our vicinity but have come to the area for any purpose. This group might include the tourists and the people who work near us. Considering the high name of Subway, we expect these people to stop by us for having a bite of our sandwiches.

The detailed market analysis of our potential customers is given in the following table:

5.3 Business Target

Our business targets are:

• To become the best Subway franchise as well as the most trusted food restaurant in Hillsborough
• To achieve the net profit margin of $10k per month by the end of the first year, $15k per month by the end of the second year, and $25k per month by the end of the third year
• To balance the initial cost of the startup with the earned profits by the end of the first year

5.4 Product Pricing

Product pricing is an important factor which decides the future of a new business. Considering our strategic location and our famous brand name, we don’t need to keep our prices low. We will follow the standard Subway prices, according to which 6-inch sandwich will cost $3.5 and footlong will cost $6.5, exclusive of tax.

Sales strategy is also an important component of Subways business plan  since it determines how you will attract your customers toward you.

6.1 Competitive Analysis

A startup business can never survive if it doesn’t have anything special and different about it that’s why you must devise your Subways business plan keeping in view your competitive aspects. Our biggest competitive advantage is our brand which is well-known for its quality and taste. Moreover, our second competitive aspect will be the value, we give to our customers. Our workers will be friendly and available to the customers. We’ll highly entertain any complaint received against any of our products or workers through social media or any other channel to retain our brand image.

6.2 Sales Strategy

• We will advertise our franchise on social and mass media in compliance with the standards of franchise requirements
• We will give away free sandwiches to first 100 customers in the first 3 days of our startup
• We will give discounts and gifts during the first month of startup to promote sales

6.3 Sales Forecast

6.4 sales monthly, 6.5 sales yearly, personnel plan.

The personnel plan describes the number and type of staff needed for your startup. It’s also very important and must be properly developed before you plan your Subway business strategy services . The personnel plan of our Subway franchise is as follows:

7.1 Company Staff

We will initially hire the following staff:

• 1 Manager for managing overall operations
• 2 Cashiers for keeping records
• 4 Waiters/Assistants
• 10 Cooks for preparing sandwiches
• 5 Drivers for home delivery
• 2 Security Guards

7.2 Average Salary of Employees

Financial plan.

The final thing to do before starting your Subway franchise business is to develop a detailed financial plan covering all costs and expenses. The financial plan describes all expenses required for the startup as well as how these expenses will be covered by your earned revenues. The financial plan is an important component of business plan Subway franchise  so make sure to develop it with great care.

8.1 Important Assumptions

8.2 brake-even analysis, 8.3 projected profit and loss, 8.3.1 profit monthly, 8.3.2 profit yearly, 8.3.3 gross margin monthly, 8.3.4 gross margin yearly, 8.4 projected cash flow, 8.5 projected balance sheet, 8.6 business ratios.

Download Subway Business Plan Sample in pdf

OGScapital writer specializes business plan themes such as fast food restaurant business plan , organic restaurant business plan , fine dining restaurant business plan , business plan for seafood restaurant , pizzeria business plan and many other business plans.

OGSCapital’s team has assisted thousands of entrepreneurs with top-rate business plan development, consultancy and analysis. They’ve helped thousands of SME owners secure more than $1.5 billion in funding, and they can do the same for you.

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The Complete Guide To Subway Franchisee Business Financing And Raising Capital

By henry sheykin, resources on subway franchisee.

• Financial Model
• Business Plan
• Value Proposition
• One-Page Business Plan
• SWOT Analysis
• Business Model
• Marketing Plan

Introduction

Welcome to our comprehensive guide on Subway franchisee business financing and raising capital. In this article, we will explore the world of Subway franchising, an industry that has been experiencing remarkable growth in recent years. According to the latest statistics, Subway has over 41,000 locations worldwide, making it one of the largest and most successful fast-food chains globally. With its proven business model and widespread recognition, understanding the financing options and capital-raising strategies specific to Subway franchisees is crucial for aspiring entrepreneurs in this industry.

Overview of Subway Franchisee Business Financing

Securing the necessary funds is a crucial step in starting or expanding a Subway franchisee business. The ability to access capital plays a significant role in determining the success of your venture. Fortunately, there are various financing options available to Subway franchisee owners, as well as effective strategies for raising capital.

When it comes to Subway franchisee financing options , entrepreneurs have several avenues to explore. Traditional bank loans are a popular choice, offering favorable terms and competitive interest rates. Additionally, Small Business Administration (SBA) loans specifically tailored for franchise businesses can provide financial assistance. Alternative funding sources, such as crowdfunding or investor partnerships, have also gained traction.

Raising capital for a Subway franchisee business requires careful planning and execution. A guide to securing funds for Subway franchisee is invaluable in navigating the complex landscape of financing options. Some important steps to consider include creating a compelling business plan, preparing financial statements, and exploring different funding alternatives.

Implementing effective strategies for financing a Subway franchisee can make a significant difference in attracting investors or obtaining loans. Leveraging your personal assets, maintaining a strong credit score, and building relationships with lenders can increase your chances of securing funding. It is also essential to demonstrate a solid understanding of the Subway franchise model and a robust marketing plan.

Here are a few tips for raising capital for Subway franchisee business that can greatly improve your chances of success:

• Research and compare financing options available to Subway franchisee owners.
• Prepare a comprehensive business plan highlighting the strengths and potential profitability of your Subway franchise.
• Build relationships and network with potential investors or lenders.
• Showcase your industry knowledge and expertise to instill confidence in your ability to run a successful Subway franchisee business.
• Consider alternative funding methods, such as crowdfunding or partnerships.
• Work closely with a financial advisor or consultant who specializes in franchise financing.

By following these guidelines, you can significantly improve your prospects of financing your Subway franchisee and obtaining the necessary capital to launch or expand your business.

As you embark on the journey of raising capital for your Subway franchisee, it is crucial to be aware of the available financing options for Subway franchisee owners . Additionally, understanding the steps to secure funding for Subway franchisee business can help streamline the process and minimize roadblocks along the way. With a comprehensive understanding of the financing landscape and a well-developed funding strategy, you'll be positioned for success in your Subway franchisee venture.

1. Bank Loans

Bank loans are one of the most common and traditional methods of financing a Subway franchisee business. As a Subway franchise owner, you can explore various types of loans offered by banks to secure the capital needed for your business.

Benefits of Bank Loans:

• Competitive interest rates
• Flexible repayment terms
• Allows for larger loan amounts
• Establishes a relationship with a reputable financial institution

When applying for a bank loan, it's essential to have a well-prepared business plan, financial statements, and other relevant documents to demonstrate your capability and the potential success of your Subway franchise.

Tips for Securing Bank Loans:

• Educate yourself about different loan types and terms offered by banks
• Prepare a comprehensive business plan highlighting the market potential and profitability of your Subway franchise
• Maintain a good personal and business credit score
• Prepare all required financial documents in a professional and organized manner
• Build a relationship with a local bank and its loan officers
• Consider seeking the assistance of a financial advisor or consultant

Securing a bank loan for your Subway franchisee business can provide you with the necessary capital to establish and grow your business successfully. However, it's crucial to carefully assess your financial needs and capabilities before taking on any loan obligations.

2. Small Business Administration Loans

Another option for financing a Subway franchisee business is through Small Business Administration (SBA) loans. The SBA offers various loan programs designed to support small businesses, including franchisees. These loans can provide funding for a range of purposes, such as purchasing equipment, expanding locations, or covering working capital needs.

One of the key advantages of SBA loans is that they often come with lower interest rates and longer repayment terms compared to conventional bank loans. This can make them a more affordable option for franchisees looking to secure capital.

Securing an SBA loan for a Subway franchisee business involves a detailed application process. Applicants will need to provide comprehensive financial information, including business plans, cash flow projections, and personal financial statements. The SBA also requires collateral for loans exceeding certain thresholds.

SBA loans can be competitive, so it's important to be prepared and have a well-presented loan application. Working with an experienced lender who specializes in SBA loans can help increase the chances of approval.

Here are a few tips for securing SBA loans for Subway franchisee businesses:

• Prepare a comprehensive business plan: A well-prepared business plan can demonstrate to lenders that you have a clear vision for your Subway franchisee business and a solid understanding of the market.
• Organize your financial records: To apply for an SBA loan, you'll need to provide detailed financial statements for your business and personal finances. Having these documents organized and readily available can streamline the application process.
• Work with an experienced lender: Look for a lender who has experience in securing SBA loans for franchise businesses. They can guide you through the application process and increase your chances of approval.
• Provide collateral: Depending on the loan amount, the SBA may require collateral to secure the loan. Be prepared to offer assets such as real estate, equipment, or inventory as collateral.

Overall, SBA loans offer a viable financing option for Subway franchisee businesses. By following these tips and working with the right lender, franchisees can secure the capital they need to start or grow their Subway business.

3. Franchisor Financing

One of the financing options available to Subway franchisee owners is through franchisor financing. Franchisor financing is when the franchisor provides financial assistance to the franchisee in order to help them start or expand their business. This can be a great option for Subway franchisees who may not qualify for traditional bank loans or who want the convenience of working directly with the franchisor.

Franchisor financing can come in different forms. One common form is offering loans to franchisees. These loans typically have more flexible terms and lower interest rates compared to traditional bank loans. Franchisors may also provide financial incentives such as reduced royalty fees or marketing support to franchisees who choose to finance through them.

There are several benefits to choosing franchisor financing for your Subway franchisee business. First and foremost, franchisors have a vested interest in the success of their franchisees, so they are more likely to provide favorable financing terms. Additionally, because franchisors have a deep understanding of the franchise business model, they may be able to provide better guidance and support throughout the financing process.

If you are considering franchisor financing for your Subway franchisee business, here are some tips:

• Research different franchisors and their financing options to find the best fit for your needs.
• Understand the terms and conditions of the financing agreement, including interest rates, repayment terms, and any additional fees.
• Prepare a comprehensive business plan that demonstrates your ability to repay the loan and outlines your growth strategy.
• Communicate openly with the franchisor about your financing needs and future plans for your Subway franchisee business.
• Consider seeking professional advice from an accountant or financial advisor to ensure you make informed decisions.

Franchisor financing can be a valuable option for Subway franchisee owners looking to secure funding for their business. By researching different options, understanding the terms and conditions, and preparing a solid business plan, you can increase your chances of successfully securing financing through the franchisor.

4. Crowdfunding

Crowdfunding has emerged as a popular option for financing a Subway franchisee business. It involves raising small amounts of money from a large number of individuals through an online platform. This method allows entrepreneurs to tap into a vast network of potential investors who are interested in supporting small businesses and innovative ideas.

One of the key benefits of crowdfunding is that it allows Subway franchisee owners to raise capital without giving up equity in their business. Instead, they offer rewards or perks to their backers, such as free products or exclusive experiences. This can be particularly appealing to individuals who want to support local businesses and be part of their success.

When considering crowdfunding as a financing option, it is important to create a compelling campaign that clearly communicates the unique value proposition of the Subway franchisee business. A strong video pitch, engaging content, and attractive rewards can help attract potential backers and build trust in the project.

Additionally, it is crucial to actively promote the crowdfunding campaign through social media, email marketing, and networking. This will help reach a wider audience and increase the chances of reaching the funding goal. Offering regular updates and showing gratitude towards backers can also help maintain their support and encourage others to participate.

As with any form of financing, it is important to carefully plan and budget for the funds raised through crowdfunding. Subway franchisee owners should have a clear plan on how the funds will be used and ensure they have the necessary resources to fulfill any rewards promised to backers.

Tips and Tricks:

• Create a captivating video pitch that showcases the Subway franchisee business and its unique value proposition.
• Offer attractive and creative rewards to backers to incentivize their support.
• Regularly promote the crowdfunding campaign through social media, email marketing, and networking.
• Show gratitude towards backers and provide regular updates on the progress of the campaign.
• Have a clear plan on how the funds will be used and ensure the resources are available to fulfill any promised rewards.

5. Angel Investors and Venture Capitalists

When it comes to financing a Subway franchisee business, angel investors and venture capitalists can be valuable sources of capital. These individuals and firms invest in promising startups and small businesses in exchange for equity or an ownership stake.

Angel investors are typically high-net-worth individuals who provide early-stage funding for startups. They often have industry expertise and are willing to take on greater risks than traditional lenders. Entrepreneurs seeking financing for their Subway franchises can benefit from angel investors who can provide not only the necessary capital but also valuable guidance and mentorship.

Venture capitalists, on the other hand, are professional investment firms that specialize in funding high-growth businesses. They typically invest in companies that have proven their potential for significant returns. For Subway franchisees looking to expand rapidly or introduce new products or services, venture capital funding can be an attractive option.

Securing funding from angel investors or venture capitalists requires careful preparation and presentation. Here are some tips to increase your chances of securing investment:

• Create a compelling business plan: Clearly articulate your vision, growth strategy, and profitability potential. Highlight what sets your Subway franchise apart from competitors and how you plan to achieve and sustain success.
• Develop a strong pitch: Craft a concise and persuasive pitch deck that highlights the most relevant aspects of your business. Focus on the unique value proposition, market opportunity, and financial projections.
• Build relationships: Networking plays a crucial role in connecting with angel investors and venture capitalists. Attend industry events, join entrepreneurial communities, and seek introductions through your professional network.
• Show traction: Demonstrating progress and traction is key to attracting investors. Highlight any milestones achieved, customer acquisition numbers, revenue growth, and partnerships. It validates the potential of your Subway franchisee business.
• Prepare for due diligence: Investors will conduct extensive due diligence before making a decision. Ensure your financial records, legal documents, and growth projections are accurate, transparent, and well-organized.

Angel investors and venture capitalists can be powerful allies in financing your Subway franchisee business. Their capital, expertise, and network can significantly accelerate your growth and success. By following these tips and effectively communicating your value proposition, you can position yourself as an attractive investment opportunity.

6. Developing a Comprehensive Business Plan

When it comes to securing funds for your Subway franchisee business, having a comprehensive business plan is essential. This plan will not only serve as a roadmap for your venture, but it will also demonstrate to potential lenders or investors that you have a clear vision for your business.

As you develop your business plan, consider including key details such as your target market, marketing strategies, financial projections, and operational plans. This will show lenders that you have thoroughly researched your market and have a solid understanding of how your business will operate.

In addition to providing a roadmap for your business, a comprehensive business plan also serves as a powerful tool for securing funding. Lenders and investors want to see that you have a well-thought-out plan for success and that you have considered all potential challenges and risks.

To make your business plan even more compelling, highlight your competitive advantages and unique selling propositions. Clearly explain how your Subway franchisee business will stand out from competitors and why customers will choose you over other options.

When seeking financing for your Subway franchisee business, it's important to explore different financing options. This can include traditional bank loans, Small Business Administration (SBA) loans, crowdfunding platforms, or even seeking investments from friends and family.

Before approaching lenders or investors, make sure you have a thorough understanding of the funding options available to you. Consider the terms, interest rates, repayment schedules, and any additional requirements or qualifications.

To increase your chances of securing funding, consider these tips:

• 1. Build your personal credit: Lenders often evaluate the personal credit history of business owners, so it's essential to maintain good credit.
• 2. Prepare a strong pitch: Practice delivering a compelling pitch that clearly articulates the potential return on investment for lenders or investors.
• 3. Network and build relationships: Attend industry events, join professional organizations, and connect with individuals who can potentially provide funding or introduce you to funding sources.
• 4. Be prepared for due diligence: Lenders and investors will likely request documents and conduct a thorough analysis of your business. Be prepared to provide financial statements, tax returns, and other relevant information.
• 5. Demonstrate your commitment: Show lenders or investors that you are willing to invest your own funds into the business and have a vested interest in its success.

Developing a comprehensive business plan is a critical step in securing funding for your Subway franchisee business. By clearly outlining your vision, showcasing your competitive advantages, and exploring different financing options, you can increase your chances of securing the capital needed to launch and grow your business.

7. Assessing Personal Finances and Creditworthiness

When it comes to securing funds for a Subway franchisee business, one crucial aspect is assessing your personal finances and creditworthiness. Lenders will typically evaluate your financial health before approving any financing options. Therefore, it is essential to thoroughly understand your financial situation and take steps to improve your creditworthiness if necessary.

Here are some key tips for assessing personal finances and creditworthiness:

• Review your credit report: Obtain a copy of your credit report and carefully review it for any errors or discrepancies. Addressing any inaccuracies can help improve your credit score.
• Pay off outstanding debts: Prioritize paying off any outstanding debts to reduce your debt-to-income ratio and improve your creditworthiness.
• Manage credit cards responsibly: Make timely payments on your credit cards and avoid maxing out your credit limits.
• Build a strong credit history: If you have limited credit history, consider obtaining a secured credit card or becoming an authorized user on someone else's credit card to establish a positive credit history.
• Keep track of your expenses: Create a budget and track your expenses to ensure you have a clear understanding of your financial situation.
• Save for a down payment: Having a substantial down payment can increase your chances of securing financing for your Subway franchisee business.

By taking these steps to assess your personal finances and improve your creditworthiness, you can enhance your chances of securing the necessary funds to kickstart your Subway franchisee business. Remember that maintaining a strong financial foundation is an ongoing process that requires discipline and responsible financial management.

8. Understanding Franchise Costs and Financial Requirements

One of the crucial aspects of becoming a Subway franchisee is understanding the franchise costs and financial requirements involved. As an aspiring franchise owner, it is important to have a clear understanding of the financial commitments you need to make and the options available for financing your Subway franchise.

1. Subway franchisee financing options: Before embarking on your franchise journey, familiarize yourself with the various financing options available to Subway franchisees. These options may include conventional bank loans, Small Business Administration (SBA) loans, equipment leasing, or even franchisor financing programs.

2. Capital raising for Subway franchisee business: Raising capital for your Subway franchisee business can be a daunting task. It requires careful planning and execution. Consider exploring multiple avenues for raising capital, such as personal savings, friends and family investments, or seeking partnerships and investors.

3. Guide to securing funds for Subway franchisee: Securing funds for your Subway franchisee business involves a step-by-step process. It is essential to develop a comprehensive plan and gather all the necessary documents to present to potential lenders or investors. This includes a well-written business plan, financial statements, and a solid understanding of your market and competition.

4. Strategies for financing a Subway franchisee: Implementing effective financing strategies can greatly enhance your chances of securing the necessary funds for your Subway franchise. These strategies may include improving your personal credit score, leveraging your existing assets, exploring grants and government support programs, or negotiating favorable terms with lenders.

5. Tips for raising capital for Subway franchisee business: Here are some tips that can help you raise capital for your Subway franchisee business:

• 1. Develop a comprehensive business plan that highlights the potential profitability of your Subway franchise and clearly outlines how the funds will be utilized.
• 2. Network and build relationships with potential lenders, investors, and other business professionals who can provide advice and support.
• 3. Consider attending franchise finance seminars or workshops to gain valuable insights and connect with experts in the field.
• 4. Be prepared to make a personal financial investment in your Subway franchise as it demonstrates your commitment and dedication to the business.
• 5. Explore alternative funding options, such as crowdfunding or peer-to-peer lending platforms, that cater specifically to small businesses and franchises.

6. Subway franchisee business funding guide: A comprehensive guide to funding your Subway franchisee business can be instrumental in navigating the complex world of finance. Seek out resources and guides that provide detailed information on financing options, application processes, and tips for success.

7. How to finance a Subway franchisee: Financing a Subway franchisee requires careful consideration of your financial capabilities and the available options. Take the time to educate yourself about the financing process, seek professional advice if needed, and make informed decisions that align with your long-term business goals.

8. Raising capital for Subway franchisee: a comprehensive guide: When it comes to raising capital for your Subway franchisee, having a comprehensive guide at your disposal can be immensely helpful. Look for resources that cover all aspects of financing, from understanding costs to exploring different funding avenues, to maximize your chances of success.

9. Financing options for Subway franchisee owners: As a Subway franchisee owner, you have access to a range of financing options tailored to your specific needs. Research and compare different options to determine the most suitable financing solution for your Subway franchisee business.

10. Steps to secure funding for Subway franchisee business: Securing funding for your Subway franchisee business requires a systematic approach. Take the necessary steps, such as gathering financial documents, improving your creditworthiness, and presenting a compelling case to lenders or investors, to increase your chances of securing the required funds.

Successfully financing a Subway franchisee business is a crucial step towards realizing your entrepreneurial dreams in the fast-food industry. Throughout this guide, we have provided an overview of various financing options available to Subway franchisees, including bank loans, Small Business Administration loans, franchisor financing, crowdfunding, and angel investors and venture capitalists. We have also emphasized the importance of developing a comprehensive business plan, assessing personal finances and creditworthiness, understanding franchise costs and financial requirements, and seeking professional guidance and support.

Remember, starting a Subway franchise is not just about securing funding; it also requires dedication, hard work, and a solid understanding of the franchise's operating model. By following the strategies and advice outlined in this guide, you will be well-equipped to navigate the financing process and position yourself for success as a Subway franchisee.

Best of luck on your journey to becoming a Subway franchisee!

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Subway – Franchise Business Plan

Founded in 1965, Subway is a privately owned fast-food chain that primarily sells sub sandwiches, as well as salads and other food items. All Subway restaurants are franchised and the company only employs a small head office staff. Currently, Subway has more than 40,000 restaurants operating in 102 different countries. In the U.S. alone, the company serves nearly 2,800 sandwiches every 60 seconds. This restaurant has traditionally grown through its flexible franchise model and surpassed McDonald’s as the number one fast-food restaurant in the U.S. in terms of store numbers.

Subway franchisees can choose from a variety of traditional and non-traditional locations. Compared to other fast-food chains, Subway allows franchisees to open a very small or a large restaurant from 160 to 2,700 square feet. The restaurants can be with or without seats, in a mall, a hospital, a university, as a drive-thru, or as a free-standing restaurant. It is the franchisees’ responsibility to find the location of the restaurant. Joorney Business Plans offers a comprehensive location-based market analysis to meet the various needs of Subway franchisees.

The initial investment for establishing this franchise business ranges from $89,550 to $328,700, depending on the size, construction costs, and the equipment needed. The Subway restaurant business can be started with a minimum equipment investment depending on the restaurant’s size.

The Subway license is purchased for a one-time fee of $15,000. The license entitles franchisees to carry the trademark, to open up a Subway restaurant, and to have unlimited access to everything there is to know about the Subway brand. Once the restaurant has opened, franchisees pay 8% of the net sales as a royalty fee. In addition, 4.5% of net sales go into the national marketing budget. Joorney Business Plan writers have extensive experience in developing long-term financial projections for Subway restaurants.

The aim of the marketing campaigns is to drive profitable sales for Subway franchisees. Franchisees actively participate in the running of the franchisee advertising fund and receive help to conduct local marketing activities. Over the past decade, it has significantly boosted its marketing campaigns and has been at the forefront of advertising toward a healthier demographic. Subway constantly works on creating new products, optimizing processes, and developing new decors. Joorney Business Plans writes marketing strategies that are in line with the franchise agreement .

Financial Assistance

The franchisor offers an equipment leasing program to most franchisees in the U.S. Subway deems the equipment lease to be a true lease and not a financing lease. Equipment leases are written for the term of five years. The franchisor also offers to finance $10,000 of the initial franchise fee under its minority loan program for qualified franchisees purchasing their first franchise at the full $15,000 franchise fee.

In addition, Subway may loan money to franchisees in connection with a Subway restaurant. The terms and purposes of these loans are negotiable. The franchisor may change or eliminate these loan programs and equipment leasing programs without any prior notice to franchisees. Joorney Business Plan writers can develop in-depth, long-term financial projections in line with the leasing or loan agreements with the franchisor.

All Subway franchisees have the advantage of a well-proven system that has been working for over 50 years. Due to the popularity of the products, the Subway system is a welcoming opportunity for a successful future.

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Subway Franchise Business Plan – Starting a Small Sandwich shop

• Subway franchise ownership has continued to rise in popularity

Subway franchise ownership has continued to rise in popularity, and midway through 2024, new sandwich shops are opening up in small towns and larger cities all across America.

Wise offering a subway franchise business plan

• Wise Helps Subway entrepreneurs in starting a small sandwich shop
• Wise writing a subway franchise business plan with help of professional MBA writers

Wisebusinessplans is offering a subway franchise business plan and is in the process of factoring current market projections and regional consumer data to assist Subway franchise owners and other sandwich shop entrepreneurs in garnering a greater market share and more significant future earnings.

“Taking a little time to enjoy a custom-prepared sandwich, made with fresh ingredients, is always a pleasure, whether you are eating lunch alone or with a friend,” said Joseph Ferriolo, Director of Wisebusinessplans. “It is the quality of the ingredients that makes the sandwich worthwhile, and at Wise, we feel that the time and work effort we put into all the custom-crafted subway franchise business plan and services that we offer is also what makes them a quality choice for sandwich shop owners and entrepreneurs.”

Wise Helps Subway entrepreneurs in starting a small sandwich shop

Wisebusinessplans provides state-of-the-art subway franchise business plans for Subway entrepreneurs and sandwich shop businesses that are custom-crafted by MBA-qualified writers and designers.

All Wisebusinessplans are created and designed one at a time, for each particular client, to showcase and highlight the positive ideas and business details that will lead to a more prosperous business future. Wise also offers restaurant-specific services, like menu and business website design .

“Subway franchise owners and sandwich business entrepreneurs can be confident that their business planning needs will be taken seriously and their plans prepared accurately and in a courteous and professional manner when dealing with Wise,’ added Ferriolo.

Wise writing a subway franchise business plan with help of professional MBA writers

Wisebusinessplans, staffed with MBA professional business plan writers , researchers, and financial experts, is a trusted partner for businesses across a broad spectrum of products and services. Our mission is to empower our clients to make the best possible business decisions, boost company performance and facilitate their funding success by laying the groundwork for strong businesses that excite, inspire and retain talented and exceptional employees.

Bonus Tip: Find out different ways how to own a franchise with no money .

The cost of opening a Subway franchise can vary depending on several factors, such as location, size of the restaurant, and equipment requirements. Generally, the initial investment required can range from $116,000 to $263,000, which includes the franchise fee, equipment, leasehold improvements, and other startup costs.

Subway offers extensive support to its franchisees. This includes site selection assistance, training programs, ongoing operational support, marketing and advertising materials, access to proprietary recipes and ingredients, and regular updates on new products and promotions. Franchisees also benefit from a network of experienced franchise owners and the brand’s global recognition.

Yes, Subway welcomes franchisees from diverse backgrounds, including those without prior experience in the restaurant industry. The company provides comprehensive training programs to equip franchisees with the necessary knowledge and skills to run a successful operation. They offer both in-person and online training covering various aspects of running a Subway franchise.

The time it takes to break even and start making a profit with a Subway franchise can vary depending on several factors, such as location, competition, and local market conditions. On average, it can take between 2 to 3 years to reach profitability. However, this timeline is not guaranteed and may differ based on individual circumstances and the effort put into operating the business.

Yes, Subway allows franchisees to own multiple locations, and many successful franchisees have multiple restaurants. However, the opportunity to own multiple franchises may be subject to certain criteria, including financial qualifications, operational experience, and the availability of suitable locations. Franchisees interested in owning multiple franchises should discuss their aspirations with the Subway franchise development team to explore the possibilities.

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Subway Franchise Financial Model

Fully editable financial model template in Excel format specifically built for Subway franchises with the latest Franchise Disclosure Document

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• 40hrs of work put into this spreadsheet
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CUSTOMISED FOR Subway FRANCHISES

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You don’t have to do anything. We built your financial model template with the latest available financial data from the  Franchise Disclosure Document

What's inside

This financial model template include everything you need for your business plan.

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• Balance sheet
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• Break even analysis
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• Return on investment (ROI)

The financial model shown here is an example.

Naturally, the

is customised for your franchise instead.

CUSTOMIZE 100+ ASSUMPTIONS

The financial model is fully editable and can be easily modified to fit your franchise. Easily change more than 100+ assumptions:

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Subway takes a key step in its franchising strategy

Subway is taking a key step in its bid to shift the makeup of its franchisee base following deals with five new multi-unit operators, the company announced on Monday.

The five groups together consolidated or acquired more than 230 restaurants this year, including two groups new to the Subway system and an existing franchisee that amassed 100 additional stores to bring their total number to more than 140 restaurants. The franchisees are in Texas, Florida, Arizona and the mid-Atlantic region.

The operators have also agreed to remodel and strategically open new restaurants in the coming years, Subway said.

The sandwich giant has been working with new and existing operators to buy up restaurants in a bid to bring more larger, multi-unit operators into the system. The idea is to diversify the size of the franchisee base and bring in operators with more financial wherewithal than the smaller operators that have traditionally owned Subway’s nearly 21,000 U.S. locations.

Among the new operators is EYAS Capital , an investment firm that targets businesses that generate cash flow “without overpaying.” It looks for brands in the hospitality and real estate businesses and its founder, Tim Foley, has owned and operated Truxton’s American Bistro, Wendy’s and Pat & Oscar’s, among other things.

“Subway is an iconic brand that has undeniably refreshed every part of its business over the past few years with the introduction of new menu items, unique guest experiences and operational enhancements,” Foley said in a statement.

Subway did not reveal the identities of the other operators.

The announcement comes as Subway continues to look for buyers. The Miami-based sandwich giant has been courting private equity groups and others in a deal that could value the chain at $10 billion.

Among the company’s hope is that it can convince potential buyers that it did much of the hard work of a turnaround. Subway has closed about 6,000 restaurants since its peak in 2015 in the U.S. and has been closing locations internationally more recently.

The franchise strategy is a key part of that because larger operators may be more able to remodel locations. The company hopes that a combination of remodels and relocations, coupled with some new locations, can help improve operator profitability and the company’s overall market position.

The company said it expects to remodel 3,600 locations in North America this year, which could bring the total number remodeled to 10,000 by this summer.

“A key element of Subway’s multi-year transformation journey is attracting multi-unit owners with the vision, resources, operating expertise and passion for the Subway brand,” Trevor Haynes, Subway’s president of North America, said in a statement.

Another key strategy is rebuilding international growth, and there are signs that is already taking place.

Subway generated $9.8 billion in the U.S. last year and finished the year with 20,810 restaurants, according to data from Restaurant Business sister company Technomic. System sales grew 4% domestically.

But international sales rebounded after recent years of weakness due largely to closing locations. International system sales grew 9.5% to $5.8 billion. The company also grew international unit count, finishing with 67 more restaurants outside the U.S. than it had a year ago. Subway said it opened 145 new restaurants in the first quarter of this year.

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IT ALL STARTED WITH A HANDSHAKE

The year was 1965. A 17-year-old teen, Fred DeLuca, wanted to find a way to pay for his medical degree. So he approached Peter Buck, a family friend, who advised him to start a business. Buck loaned Fred $1,000, gave him a firm handshake, and as they say, the rest is history.

What began as a humble "Pete’s Drive-In: Super Submarines" in a small town in Connecticut was rebranded to "Subway®" within three years. The business (and of course, the subs) drew in huge numbers of franchisees in the next few decades and kept growing to what it is today.

We came from "humble". That’s why we know what it takes to start a business. And we want to help you achieve greatness too.

WE'RE MOVIE STARS TOO!

Looking to fit into spaces anywhere and everywhere, the Subway® brand ventured into "non-traditional" locations such as gas stations, convenience stores, truck stops, and rest areas in 1993. The rising fame of the brand continued and it was even featured in Hollywood movies, like "The Coneheads" and "The Beverly Hillbillies".

FRESH FORWARD – THE SUBWAY® OF THE FUTURE IS HERE

Our new Fresh Forward restaurants are bold, fresh, and modern.

Fresh Forward is our answer to making the Subway® experience a whole lot more wholesome! It’s welcoming, easy, and guess what, our sandwich artist gets the spotlight they deserve - their preparation bench is now the focal point of the dining experience. Sounds good? Well, it looks good too!

SUBWAY® VOICES

Franchisee, Taiwan

I decided Subway® was the right business because it has simple operation and a strong support system. When you put these two things together, they form a comprehensive business plan.

Franchisee, Hong Kong

Subway® has given me the opportunity to find my passion in work. It has a great support system and helps new owners like me open their own restaurants. It’s been really rewarding being my own boss.

Franchisee (Multi-Unit Franchisee), Japan

At Subway®, I learnt that people should be where I invest the most in. With that mindset and belief, I managed to groom a good team, which eventually led me to open three restaurants in Japan.

Franchisee (Multi-Unit Franchisee), The Philippines

I started out as a sandwich artist at Subway® and eventually decided to open my own restaurant. With big dreams and resilience, everything is possible!

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Steve Shlemon is president of Ford’s Garage, a 1920s garage-themed burger and craft beer restaurant franchise with locations across the U.S.

If you’ve ever enjoyed a meal at a restaurant with locations across the country, you might find it hard to believe these multi-unit brands each started as a single location.

It takes a thoughtful, methodical approach for an independent brand to grow into a nationally known restaurant franchise with 1,000-plus locations. That’s explosive growth, and at that rate, there are bound to be a few mistakes along the way. But if you stay focused and disciplined, it is possible to drive similar success with your restaurant franchise brand. My experience shows this, having gone from one restaurant location to more than two dozen.

No matter how big you intend to get, your success will always be one restaurant at a time. With each one, the process gets smoother as you and your team learn more and work out challenges that arise. Here’s what I’ve learned about growing brands, from well-run singles to successful mega-units.

1. Go Slow To Go Fast

I always tell people to go slow to go fast—careful and steady wins the race, while lightning-fast can wear you out and result in you getting left behind. In my many years of running restaurant brands, the brands that failed were the ones that grew too fast and outgrew their human capital.

You must be steady and deliberate, directing your energies where they count. For example, your instinct may be to turn your focus to the two restaurants that are underperforming rather than the 18 that are doing great. Allocating resources and effort toward enhancing your successful establishments might lead to better overall outcomes than expending too much energy on the two that are underperforming, which can take a lot more effort and resources to fix.

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In the restaurant space, there’s a tremendous number of details that you have to stay focused on, and you need to make sure that you know every one of your details. That’s why I think the training and development of your people pipeline should be at or near the top of your priority list.

2. Put The Right People In Place

You can have delicious restaurant recipes and a top-notch restaurant brand, but unless you have great people to run that brand and have a great culture in place, you’re not going to succeed. There’s just no way that’s going to work.

This is important for a restaurant brand of any size, but especially when scaling up. As you grow, you’re pulling your top talent out of each location and moving them into the next. The staff you leave behind must continue to be a high-performing team. The culture has to be in place, and you have to have a great customer focus and reputation so guests want you to build another location elsewhere.

As you spread your talent across different locations, you must maintain a robust people pipeline so you don’t grow into a situation like the goose that laid the golden egg—killing your success by pouring everything into one spot so the others wither away.

3. Get The Real Estate Right

One of the most important strategies is to make sure you don’t make any real estate mistakes. You have to be disciplined in your site selection and how much money you will spend on a location to deliver the desired return on invested capital.

Any territory you’re going to give to a franchisee should be small, and it's important to consider how many restaurants they can build in a certain period of time. Make sure to spend a lot of time with your franchisee laying out a plan of the best sites to open first.

Once, I worked with franchisees who found a cheaper site that would be faster to open; unfortunately, it failed. Then, they were hesitant to work on the second and third sites. Had they started with the first two, which were more expensive but located in better areas, they would likely have had no problem launching restaurants later on.

I believe the key is scaling out where you aspire to be while maintaining the discipline to execute it correctly.

4. Keep Up The Quality

Even with your attention paid to the other factors, quality has to remain your number one concern. You can’t ever sacrifice it. As the brand gets bigger, you must be careful not to diminish what it stands for and is built on. You should strive to only make things better.

Even as you grow, for guests, you want to make sure there’s only one location that matters: The one they’re in right now. Make sure the signatures of your brand are consistent across locations, whether this includes memorabilia, menu, atmosphere or price. You must faithfully serve these things no matter how big you get.

5. Never Stand Still

As your brand grows, you should always try to figure out how to elevate everything to make it a little bit better. Whether it’s the quality of the product, the quality of the building itself or the quality of the people in your pipeline, you’ve got to make sure your return on investment is always in line with what you and your partners are looking for. You can only be sure of that if you keep growing at a manageable pace.

Hopefully, these five tips can help ease the growth of your brand. As can be seen, transitioning from a single restaurant to a nationally recognized franchise is doable, but it demands careful navigation, prioritizing the right people and locations, maintaining quality and a continual pursuit of improvement.

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Ian Dewar Photography/Shutterstock @ceo.twright/Tiktok (Licensed)

‘Subway corporate is the only winner here’: Man shares the reality of owning a Subway

'finally someone showing the real side of entrepreneurship.'.

Vladimir Supica

Posted on Apr 9, 2024   Updated on Apr 9, 2024, 11:01 am CDT

Social media is often filled with flashy entrepreneurship stories and glamorous success tales, but one Subway franchise owner decided to pull back the curtain on what it’s really like to become a business owner.

In a video posted on April 6, TikTok user Tommy Wright (@ceo.twright) filmed himself breaking down the finances of his first week as a Subway owner.

“My first week in total revenue was $5,666.88,” Wright shares in the video. “That is how much money I collected in sales. And that was under my $7,000 goal by $1,300 and some change.”

While Wright’s first-week revenue amounted to a seemingly hefty figure, expenses were quick to kick in. “Now, of course, I have expenses,” he candidly admits.

According to Wright, just his cost of goods consumed nearly $1,700, accounting for “roughly 29%” of his earnings. “So it was 29% of the $5,000 that I made, which is not horrendous, but I like to keep it 28% and under,” he remarks.

Then came the labor costs. Wright says he worked grueling 13-hour-a-day shifts the entire week, but despite that, he still had to expend another $960 for his employees. “So it’s not like I paid for labor, and I was able to not be here; I was actually here. So this was not passive [income] at all. Nothing was passive,” he says.

Due to owning a Subway franchise, $708 of Wright’s earnings also went to royalty fees. According to Subway’s official documentation, Subway franchise owners pay 8% of gross sales, plus an additional 4.5% advertising fee.

Finally, after $750 in rent, $200 for electricity, and a $350 loan fee, Wright’s take-home profit for the week turned out to be $931. 

“I know a lot of people will be like: ‘Hey, if I could just sit at home and make $931, that’d be cool.’ I didn’t sit at home. I was here open to close—13, 14 hours. … So $931.72 was actually horrendous,” Wright admits.

@ceo.twright Full transparency. Follow for the journey #entrepreneur ♬ original sound – Tommy Wright

In the comments section of the video, one user commended Wright for his honesty. He wrote, “Finally someone showing the real side of entrepreneurship.”

“First week and you turned a profit. Hard work, but you actually made money,” a second said.

A third remarked, “Small business ownership is never what people think. It’s a lot of work with not a lot of profit.”

“Damn corporate really ate with this. They cut their expenses and risk management down to 1 person,” another added.

The Daily Dot has reached out to Tommy Wright via TikTok comment.

Vladimir Supica is a Serbia-based freelance writer for the Daily Dot. He enjoys traveling through Europe, reading non-fiction books, and playing with his dog Max.

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Subway franchisee Perez named Minority Small Business of the Year

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When Manuel Perez was 16, his cousin got him his first job waiting tables at a local restaurant near where he grew up in Northeast Iowa. 

He never left the industry. 

“I enjoyed the collaboration with people,” said Perez, owner of JMLM Restaurants, a Subway franchisee with locations in the Twin Cities, at Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport and at Cincinnati Northern Kentucky International Airport. “Taking the order, making the food, delivering the food, the aftercare of the meal, the farewell, I liked the whole process of it. I love food. I love serving food. I love seeing people enjoy food.” 

Perez got connected with Subway for the first time in the late 1980s when it was a hot, growing brand. He liked the clean menu and simple process after having come from a chicken brand he found not a good fit. 

“I hated all the grease,” he said. “Subway was clean, easy, quick – it wasn’t really complicated. I was just drawn to it, I guess.”

He became friends with the franchisee, who mentored him on reading financial statements and running the business. They worked together for five years before Perez struck out on his own for the first time. 

He bought a pizza place in Prior Lake, grew that, opened a second location in Jordan. He did that for a few years but found it more difficult than he anticipated. And he was growing a young family. So, he sold that and ventured back to Subway. 

That’s where his business took off. He’s had as many as 16 locations, though staffing issues, life changes and other challenges during the pandemic caused him to downsize. He currently has four. 

Through the years, Perez has won many awards from Subway for sales increase, improved store and best remodel. He’s also become somewhat of a fixer, building a reputation for acquiring and turning around underperforming stores. Oftentimes they were in good locations but not run well and he went in “with a box of Tide and some smiles,” he said. 

In seriousness, he said, work ethic, training and improved operations can make a significant difference. 

“We predicated ourselves – I always led by this example – of hard work,” he said. “You go in, you do things right, things start changing. Business starts increasing, customer base starts increasing, employees are happy. As we grew, we used that template with every place we went.” 

Getting into the airport  

While he credits hard work for building his company, his move into MSP came somewhat by accident. He’d never considered it until one day in 2002 when he was sharing beverages and playing video games with a couple friends who suggested he figure out how it worked. 

He liked the idea and searched for the right representative from the airport to seek out some help, eventually landing on then Manager of Concessions Joe Anderson, whom he said told him “Subway is the No. 1 requested brand for MSP.” 

“He and I clicked,” Perez said. “He was a no B.S. guy. You knew where you stood. That’s what I loved about him.” 

Anderson coached him through the lengthy process of becoming certified as an Airport Concessions Disadvantaged Business Enterprise and suggested he start attending airport board meetings. When the airport ran a procurement a couple years later, he was awarded space in Terminal 1. He now operates out of both terminals. 

“It’s the thing that truly transformed my business,” Perez said. “It’s been the best career thing that has happened to me.” 

Anderson retired in 2010 and passed away a few years later. But Isabella Rhawie, current director of concessions and business development at MSP, said both locations have been extremely successful at MSP. 

“It’s a crowd pleaser,” she said. “It’s one of those concepts that is a necessity to have in an airport.” 

Perez is super optimistic, a cheerleader for his staff and “one of the first ones to offer services or extend his hours or provide food for an event,” she said. 

What’s next?  

Perez believes in contributing to the betterment of his employees and his community through giving time, expertise and financial resources. He donates to schools, churches, nonprofits.

“I’m a firm believer in giving back to as many communities as I can,” he said. “I have been blessed and need to help the world be a better place where I can.” 

His efforts earned him the designation as U.S. Small Business Administration’s Minnesota Minority-Owned Small Business of the Year. And though he’s inching closely enough to retirement to be thinking about it, he also is nowhere near finished adding to his restaurant portfolio. 

He considers the MSP location his flagship store, but recently added a location at Cincinnati Northern Kentucky International Airport and hopes to add additional locations, whether Subways or different restaurant brands, in other airports. 

He’s also working with his life partner Suzie Dahl and daughter Mercedes Dahl (He has another daughter, Lexxi Perez, from a previous marriage) to open Chula’s, a family-oriented, sit-down Mexican Latin restaurant named after his granddaughter, next year in Prior Lake.

“We’re really excited about that,” he said.

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Politics & Policy

Glory of moscow's 80-year-old subway tainted by stalin connections.

Corey Flintoff

Visitors check out the Soviet-era metro cars exhibited at the Partizanskaya subway station in Moscow, as part of festivities marking the subway system's 80th anniversary. Pavel Golovkin/AP hide caption

Visitors check out the Soviet-era metro cars exhibited at the Partizanskaya subway station in Moscow, as part of festivities marking the subway system's 80th anniversary.

Moscow this year is celebrating the 80th anniversary of its subway system — the Moscow Metro — a crowning achievement of the Soviet Union's unprecedented forced industrialization in the 1930s.

One of the world's biggest and busiest subways today , it has dark connections to the repressions of Soviet dictator Josef Stalin.

To celebrate, Metro officials launched a series of commemorative events. One of the most popular was a parade of vintage subway trains — the oldest of them dating from 1935, when the first section of the Moscow subway was completed.

A re-enactor in Soviet costume from the 1930s peers out of a vintage subway car as part of the anniversary celebrations. Corey Flintoff/NPR hide caption

A re-enactor in Soviet costume from the 1930s peers out of a vintage subway car as part of the anniversary celebrations.

A brass band played as the freshly renovated trains passed through the ornate stations of Moscow's Circle Line, which loops around the center of the city. Actors in period costumes posed as the first Soviet passengers to enjoy the achievement.

Some of the leading Soviet artists and architects of the day designed the stations, which are known for the mosaics and other artwork that adorn the walls.

Airat Bagautdinov, who leads a tour that's described as "Moscow as seen by an engineer," says a lot of the early work on the tunnel system was accomplished by sheer human sweat.

"The construction of the first line of this Moscow subway is very basic, because they really didn't have much mechanization," Bagautdinov says. "It was a big experiment. They didn't know how to construct the Metro; they didn't know what methods to choose."

At the beginning the builders of the Moscow subway had help from engineers who had worked on the London subway, but Stalin worried that they were learning too much about the layout of the city, so he had them tried for spying and deported.

A November 2012 view of the mosaics at the Komsomolskaya station of the Koltsevaya Line of the Moscow subway. The station was opened in 1952. Kirill Kudryavtsev/AFP/Getty Images hide caption

A November 2012 view of the mosaics at the Komsomolskaya station of the Koltsevaya Line of the Moscow subway. The station was opened in 1952.

The construction of the Metro was a major priority for Stalin, who saw it as a way to demonstrate the superiority of socialism over the capitalist world, which at the time was deep in the Great Depression.

He put one of his best managers in charge of the project, Lazar Kaganovich, known for his ruthlessness as the "Iron Commissar."

The project was "one of the highest-profile showcase constructions of the forced industrializations of Stalin's five-year plan," says Stephen Kotkin, a historian at Princeton and a fellow at the Hoover Institution. "Kaganovich has a high profile in this, because it's got to get done. And they need it to be a success — that is, the Metro's got to work."

Soviet dictator Josef Stalin put Lazar Kaganovich (in white cap) in charge of the subway construction. Here, he is shown surrounded by workers and a young Nikita Khrushchev (second from the left) as he inspected the new subway and work accomplished in Moscow in March 1934. AP hide caption

Soviet dictator Josef Stalin put Lazar Kaganovich (in white cap) in charge of the subway construction. Here, he is shown surrounded by workers and a young Nikita Khrushchev (second from the left) as he inspected the new subway and work accomplished in Moscow in March 1934.

The thousands of workers who dug the first subway needed to be fed, along with the tens of thousands who built massive steel plants and tractor factories during the same time. And the Soviets needed hard currency to buy foreign-built machinery for their new industries.

That meant taking the Soviet Union's grain harvest from the farming regions and leaving the people on the farms to starve.

The newly opened Kaluzhskaya station in Moscow, shown here in December 1949. AP hide caption

The newly opened Kaluzhskaya station in Moscow, shown here in December 1949.

"Kaganovich, like Stalin, bears direct responsibility for the famine," Kotkin says. "Probably 5 [million] to 7 million people died from the famine, across the Soviet Union."

A Dark View Of Dostoevsky On The Moscow Subway

The artwork at many of the stations features representations of idealized Soviet people: soldiers, sailors, brawny industrial workers and collective farm women holding ripe sheaves of grain. They underline the Metro's role as a symbol of Soviet achievement — but they're also an ironic reminder of the ruthless means that were employed to build it.

• soviet union

Subway offers buy one, get one free deal on footlong subs for a limited time: How to get yours

Subway is kicking off the month of May by offering customers a deal.

From now through Monday, May 13, customers can buy one footlong sub and get one sub of equal or lesser value for free . Customers can access the deal exclusively through the Subway app or online with offer code FLBOGO. The deal excludes footlong "Sidekicks," which include footlong cookies, churros and pretzels, the company said.

Additionally, now through June 30, for every $25 gift card purchased in-restaurant and online, customers will receive a bonus card redeemable for a free 6-inch sub, with four bonuses maximum for purchases over $100, the company said in a news release. The bonus card redemption period lasts through July 31.

Sorry, Coke: Pepsi is in at Subway as sandwich chain switches sodas after 15 years

Subway switches to Pepsi products after 15 years

The sandwich chain announced in March it will begin exclusively serving Pepsi beverages in its restaurants in a 10-year partnership that will begin in 2025.

Subway will continue to sell Frito-Lay snacks through 2030, and franchises can sell a larger selection of Gatorade beverages, the company said in a news release.

Subway signed a  15-year-deal  in 2003 to serve Coca-Cola beverages, which include Diet Coke and Sprite. As the deal began to close in 2018, the chain began to offer Pepsi products again.

"For nearly twenty years, The Coca-Cola Company has proudly served Subway restaurants in the U.S. We are committed to serving Subway through the end of this year and will remain focused on delivering value for Subway, their Franchisee Partners, and consumers," a Coca-Cola representative said in a statement.

Pepsi is also Subway's main beverage provider in several other regions, including Canada, Germany, the Nordics and the Netherlands.

Contributing: Anthony Robledo, USA TODAY

Gabe Hauari is a national trending news reporter at USA TODAY. You can follow him on X  @GabeHauari  or email him at [email protected].

Subway is an American privately held fast food restaurant franchise that primarily sells submarine sandwiches and salads. Subway is one of the fastest-growing franchises in the world and, as of June 2017, has approximately 45,000 stores located in more than 100 countries. More than half of the stores are located in the United States.

More information and contact

Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway_(restaurant)

Official Website http://subway.ru/

Coordinates 55°47'36.921" N 37°29'33.968" E

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In Transit: Notes from the Underground

Jun 06 2018.

Spend some time in one of Moscow’s finest museums.

Subterranean commuting might not be anyone’s idea of a good time, but even in a city packing the war-games treasures and priceless bejeweled eggs of the Kremlin Armoury and the colossal Soviet pavilions of the VDNKh , the Metro holds up as one of Moscow’s finest museums. Just avoid rush hour.

The Metro is stunning and provides an unrivaled insight into the city’s psyche, past and present, but it also happens to be the best way to get around. Moscow has Uber, and the Russian version called Yandex Taxi , but also some nasty traffic. Metro trains come around every 90 seconds or so, at a more than 99 percent on-time rate. It’s also reasonably priced, with a single ride at 55 cents (and cheaper in bulk). From history to tickets to rules — official and not — here’s what you need to know to get started.

A Brief Introduction Buying Tickets Know Before You Go (Down) Rules An Easy Tour

A Brief Introduction

Moscow’s Metro was a long time coming. Plans for rapid transit to relieve the city’s beleaguered tram system date back to the Imperial era, but a couple of wars and a revolution held up its development. Stalin revived it as part of his grand plan to modernize the Soviet Union in the 1920s and 30s. The first lines and tunnels were constructed with help from engineers from the London Underground, although Stalin’s secret police decided that they had learned too much about Moscow’s layout and had them arrested on espionage charges and deported.

The beauty of its stations (if not its trains) is well-documented, and certainly no accident. In its illustrious first phases and particularly after the Second World War, the greatest architects of Soviet era were recruited to create gleaming temples celebrating the Revolution, the USSR, and the war triumph. No two stations are exactly alike, and each of the classic showpieces has a theme. There are world-famous shrines to Futurist architecture, a celebration of electricity, tributes to individuals and regions of the former Soviet Union. Each marble slab, mosaic tile, or light fixture was placed with intent, all in service to a station’s aesthetic; each element, f rom the smallest brass ear of corn to a large blood-spattered sword on a World War II mural, is an essential part of the whole.

The Metro is a monument to the Soviet propaganda project it was intended to be when it opened in 1935 with the slogan “Building a Palace for the People”. It brought the grand interiors of Imperial Russia to ordinary Muscovites, celebrated the Soviet Union’s past achievements while promising its citizens a bright Soviet future, and of course, it was a show-piece for the world to witness the might and sophistication of life in the Soviet Union.

It may be a museum, but it’s no relic. U p to nine million people use it daily, more than the London Underground and New York Subway combined. (Along with, at one time, about 20 stray dogs that learned to commute on the Metro.)

In its 80+ year history, the Metro has expanded in phases and fits and starts, in step with the fortunes of Moscow and Russia. Now, partly in preparation for the World Cup 2018, it’s also modernizing. New trains allow passengers to walk the entire length of the train without having to change carriages. The system is becoming more visitor-friendly. (There are helpful stickers on the floor marking out the best selfie spots .) But there’s a price to modernity: it’s phasing out one of its beloved institutions, the escalator attendants. Often they are middle-aged or elderly women—“ escalator grandmas ” in news accounts—who have held the post for decades, sitting in their tiny kiosks, scolding commuters for bad escalator etiquette or even bad posture, or telling jokes . They are slated to be replaced, when at all, by members of the escalator maintenance staff.

For all its achievements, the Metro lags behind Moscow’s above-ground growth, as Russia’s capital sprawls ever outwards, generating some of the world’s worst traffic jams . But since 2011, the Metro has been in the middle of an ambitious and long-overdue enlargement; 60 new stations are opening by 2020. If all goes to plan, the 2011-2020 period will have brought 125 miles of new tracks and over 100 new stations — a 40 percent increase — the fastest and largest expansion phase in any period in the Metro’s history.

Facts: 14 lines Opening hours: 5 a.m-1 a.m. Rush hour(s): 8-10 a.m, 4-8 p.m. Single ride: 55₽ (about 85 cents) Wi-Fi network-wide

Buying Tickets

• Ticket machines have a button to switch to English.
• You can buy specific numbers of rides: 1, 2, 5, 11, 20, or 60. Hold up fingers to show how many rides you want to buy.
• There is also a 90-minute ticket , which gets you 1 trip on the metro plus an unlimited number of transfers on other transport (bus, tram, etc) within 90 minutes.
• Or, you can buy day tickets with unlimited rides: one day (218₽/ US$4), three days (415₽/US$7) or seven days (830₽/US$15). Check the rates here to stay up-to-date.
• If you’re going to be using the Metro regularly over a few days, it’s worth getting a Troika card , a contactless, refillable card you can use on all public transport. Using the Metro is cheaper with one of these: a single ride is 36₽, not 55₽. Buy them and refill them in the Metro stations, and they’re valid for 5 years, so you can keep it for next time. Or, if you have a lot of cash left on it when you leave, you can get it refunded at the Metro Service Centers at Ulitsa 1905 Goda, 25 or at Staraya Basmannaya 20, Building 1.
• You can also buy silicone bracelets and keychains with built-in transport chips that you can use as a Troika card. (A Moscow Metro Fitbit!) So far, you can only get these at the Pushkinskaya metro station Live Helpdesk and souvenir shops in the Mayakovskaya and Trubnaya metro stations. The fare is the same as for the Troika card.
• You can also use Apple Pay and Samsung Pay.

Rules, spoken and unspoken

No smoking, no drinking, no filming, no littering. Photography is allowed, although it used to be banned.

Stand to the right on the escalator. Break this rule and you risk the wrath of the legendary escalator attendants. (No shenanigans on the escalators in general.)

Get out of the way. Find an empty corner to hide in when you get off a train and need to stare at your phone. Watch out getting out of the train in general; when your train doors open, people tend to appear from nowhere or from behind ornate marble columns, walking full-speed.

Always offer your seat to elderly ladies (what are you, a monster?).

An Easy Tour

This is no Metro Marathon ( 199 stations in 20 hours ). It’s an easy tour, taking in most—though not all—of the notable stations, the bulk of it going clockwise along the Circle line, with a couple of short detours. These stations are within minutes of one another, and the whole tour should take about 1-2 hours.

Start at Mayakovskaya Metro station , at the corner of Tverskaya and Garden Ring,  Triumfalnaya Square, Moskva, Russia, 125047.

1. Mayakovskaya.  Named for Russian Futurist Movement poet Vladimir Mayakovsky and an attempt to bring to life the future he imagined in his poems. (The Futurist Movement, natch, was all about a rejecting the past and celebrating all things speed, industry, modern machines, youth, modernity.) The result: an Art Deco masterpiece that won the National Grand Prix for architecture at the New York World’s Fair in 1939. It’s all smooth, rounded shine and light, and gentle arches supported by columns of dark pink marble and stainless aircraft steel. Each of its 34 ceiling niches has a mosaic. During World War II, the station was used as an air-raid shelter and, at one point, a bunker for Stalin. He gave a subdued but rousing speech here in Nov. 6, 1941 as the Nazis bombed the city above.

Take the 3/Green line one station to:

2. Belorusskaya. Opened in 1952, named after the connected Belarussky Rail Terminal, which runs trains between Moscow and Belarus. This is a light marble affair with a white, cake-like ceiling, lined with Belorussian patterns and 12 Florentine ceiling mosaics depicting life in Belarussia when it was built.

Transfer onto the 1/Brown line. Then, one stop (clockwise) t o:

3. Novoslobodskaya.  This station was designed around the stained-glass panels, which were made in Latvia, because Alexey Dushkin, the Soviet starchitect who dreamed it up (and also designed Mayakovskaya station) couldn’t find the glass and craft locally. The stained glass is the same used for Riga’s Cathedral, and the panels feature plants, flowers, members of the Soviet intelligentsia (musician, artist, architect) and geometric shapes.

Go two stops east on the 1/Circle line to:

4. Komsomolskaya. Named after the Komsomol, or the Young Communist League, this might just be peak Stalin Metro style. Underneath the hub for three regional railways, it was intended to be a grand gateway to Moscow and is today its busiest station. It has chandeliers; a yellow ceiling with Baroque embellishments; and in the main hall, a colossal red star overlaid on golden, shimmering tiles. Designer Alexey Shchusev designed it as an homage to the speech Stalin gave at Red Square on Nov. 7, 1941, in which he invoked Russia’s illustrious military leaders as a pep talk to Soviet soldiers through the first catastrophic year of the war.   The station’s eight large mosaics are of the leaders referenced in the speech, such as Alexander Nevsky, a 13th-century prince and military commander who bested German and Swedish invading armies.

One more stop clockwise to Kurskaya station,  and change onto the 3/Blue  line, and go one stop to:

5. Baumanskaya.   Opened in 1944. Named for the Bolshevik Revolutionary Nikolai Bauman , whose monument and namesake district are aboveground here. Though he seemed like a nasty piece of work (he apparently once publicly mocked a woman he had impregnated, who later hung herself), he became a Revolutionary martyr when he was killed in 1905 in a skirmish with a monarchist, who hit him on the head with part of a steel pipe. The station is in Art Deco style with atmospherically dim lighting, and a series of bronze sculptures of soldiers and homefront heroes during the War. At one end, there is a large mosaic portrait of Lenin.

Stay on that train direction one more east to:

6. Elektrozavodskaya. As you may have guessed from the name, this station is the Metro’s tribute to all thing electrical, built in 1944 and named after a nearby lightbulb factory. It has marble bas-relief sculptures of important figures in electrical engineering, and others illustrating the Soviet Union’s war-time struggles at home. The ceiling’s recurring rows of circular lamps give the station’s main tunnel a comforting glow, and a pleasing visual effect.

Double back two stops to Kurskaya station , and change back to the 1/Circle line. Sit tight for six stations to:

7. Kiyevskaya. This was the last station on the Circle line to be built, in 1954, completed under Nikita Khrushchev’ s guidance, as a tribute to his homeland, Ukraine. Its three large station halls feature images celebrating Ukraine’s contributions to the Soviet Union and Russo-Ukrainian unity, depicting musicians, textile-working, soldiers, farmers. (One hall has frescoes, one mosaics, and the third murals.) Shortly after it was completed, Khrushchev condemned the architectural excesses and unnecessary luxury of the Stalin era, which ushered in an epoch of more austere Metro stations. According to the legend at least, he timed the policy in part to ensure no Metro station built after could outshine Kiyevskaya.

Change to the 3/Blue line and go one stop west.

8. Park Pobedy. This is the deepest station on the Metro, with one of the world’s longest escalators, at 413 feet. If you stand still, the escalator ride to the surface takes about three minutes .) Opened in 2003 at Victory Park, the station celebrates two of Russia’s great military victories. Each end has a mural by Georgian artist Zurab Tsereteli, who also designed the “ Good Defeats Evil ” statue at the UN headquarters in New York. One mural depicts the Russian generals’ victory over the French in 1812 and the other, the German surrender of 1945. The latter is particularly striking; equal parts dramatic, triumphant, and gruesome. To the side, Red Army soldiers trample Nazi flags, and if you look closely there’s some blood spatter among the detail. Still, the biggest impressions here are the marble shine of the chessboard floor pattern and the pleasingly geometric effect if you view from one end to the other.

Keep going one more stop west to:

9. Slavyansky Bulvar.  One of the Metro’s youngest stations, it opened in 2008. With far higher ceilings than many other stations—which tend to have covered central tunnels on the platforms—it has an “open-air” feel (or as close to it as you can get, one hundred feet under). It’s an homage to French architect Hector Guimard, he of the Art Nouveau entrances for the Paris M é tro, and that’s precisely what this looks like: A Moscow homage to the Paris M é tro, with an additional forest theme. A Cyrillic twist on Guimard’s Metro-style lettering over the benches, furnished with t rees and branch motifs, including creeping vines as towering lamp-posts.

Stay on the 3/Blue line and double back four stations to:

10. Arbatskaya. Its first iteration, Arbatskaya-Smolenskaya station, was damaged by German bombs in 1941. It was rebuilt in 1953, and designed to double as a bomb shelter in the event of nuclear war, although unusually for stations built in the post-war phase, this one doesn’t have a war theme. It may also be one of the system’s most elegant: Baroque, but toned down a little, with red marble floors and white ceilings with gilded bronze c handeliers.

Jump back on the 3/Blue line  in the same direction and take it one more stop:

11. Ploshchad Revolyutsii (Revolution Square). Opened in 1938, and serving Red Square and the Kremlin . Its renowned central hall has marble columns flanked by 76 bronze statues of Soviet heroes: soldiers, students, farmers, athletes, writers, parents. Some of these statues’ appendages have a yellow sheen from decades of Moscow’s commuters rubbing them for good luck. Among the most popular for a superstitious walk-by rub: the snout of a frontier guard’s dog, a soldier’s gun (where the touch of millions of human hands have tapered the gun barrel into a fine, pointy blade), a baby’s foot, and a woman’s knee. (A brass rooster also sports the telltale gold sheen, though I am told that rubbing the rooster is thought to bring bad luck. )

Now take the escalator up, and get some fresh air.

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21 Things to Know Before You Go to Moscow

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Moscow subway WiBOX antenna with Cisco MIMO 4x4 Access Points installation

One of our Customers faced the problem of increasing the real throughput in the communication in the Moscow subway. They needed connection between a moving train and stationary points in a tunnel, with NLOS conditions and roaming between APs in the tunnel. The system is based on the Cisco 5 GHz Access Points of Cisco Aironet 3600 Series AP units and WiBOX PA D4M5-20HVX MIMO 4x4 directional antennas. The installation has been done at the standard of 802.11n on MIMO 4x4 technology (exactly with 3SS + one stream for a beamforming).

One side of the link was located in the train (Pic. 1), the other point was placed in a stationary point in the subway tunnel (Pic. 2 and Pic. 3).

The goal was to get the maximum throughput between a moving point in the train and stationary points in the metro. In the tunnel there was a necessity to use the most directional antennas as it’s possible. The choice was WiBOX PA D4M5-20HVX MIMO 4x4 directional antenna.

It’s antenna based on the PTFE microstrip substrate, so it allows to minimize the antenna dimensions (4x4 antenna is housed in 29 x 48 [cm] enclosure),and gives stable parameters in a wide frequency range. As writen above Cisco Aironet 3600 offers 3 spatial streams + one connector for beamforming. In this case there is possibility to achieve theoretical max. throughput of 450Mbps. Single polarity applications cannot be used in this location because of many reflections from the tunel walls, here was necessary a good solution which Cisco brings to their customers. Cisco Engineers decides to use 40 MHz channels for this application, the MCS possible to use in given conditions was max 23 (max for 3SS). The distance for the test (between moving train and a point inside the subway) was max. 360m, the speed of moving train was 75 km/h (~47mph), what was additional disadvantage for the link and have influence for the final result. In that installation there were set up 3 Access Points on the train way, the distances between APs was 260m and 360m. The standard of 802.11n was designed for stationary points only, the test is some of an experimental 802.11n application, finally with unexpectable good result.

The maximum stable TCP transfer achieved was over 100Mbps, without a big changes (Pic.4).

As it’s seen from the Pic. 4 the TCP transfer is stable and the average level is over 100Mbps, what is very good result taking into consideration conditions where the test had a place. The train was moving with the speed of 75km/h (~ 47mph). Maximum theoretical throughput (for two stationary points) is 450 Mbps on the MCS23, see the article . MIMO 4x4 is the best solution (of 802.11n standard) for the places where is a lot of reflection obstacles. It carries 4 different spatial streams, so it requires antenna 4x4 to maximalize the streams separation. Strong multipath effect needs a good radio to take advantages of this fact (in SISO applications it would decrease signal). The main point is the separation between connectors in the antenna and in a result the highest possible level of separation between spatial streams to avoid big interferences. The antenna of WiBOX PA D4M5- 20HVX offers 32 dBi of port-to-port isolation. The antenna is predicted to work with MIMO 4x4 or with „lower” versions of MIMO technology. In CISCO Aironet 3600 we face with the MIMO 3x3 technology + one connector for the beamforming, what is the technology for improving the signal quality, not improoving the throughput. For this application there are also needed antennas 4x4.

Another interesting thing is the way to get the continuity and stability in the throughput in roam from one base station to the next one. It’s possible due to CCKM (Cisco Centralized Key Management) which allows for fast roaming. In described installation three WiBOXes PA D4M5-20HVX with Cisco Aironet 3600 were located in the tunel one next to another. As the train was moving, the conditions were changing, there was also situations when there was NLOS conditions, which shows the advantages of MIMO technology.

All the test results as well as the photos have been provided by Cisco Engineers from Moscow, we thank a lot for the common work.

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