phd uk vs australia

Choosing a university: UK versus Australia 

Are you trying to decide between the uk and australia to study abroad we’re here to help .

Grace McCabe

Australia and the UK are popular destinations for international students because of their highly ranked universities and exciting student lifestyle. To help you choose between them, we’ve included each step of the application process, as well as the differences in course structures and student life to help you choose which country might be more suitable for you.

The application process 

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• Students can apply to up to five universities via Ucas   
• Applicants for medicine, dentistry or veterinary  courses can choose four universities and then their fifth choice must be non-specialist 
• Applicants must complete personal statement  that is attached to all applications 
• Students must also include grades, proof of English language ability, extracurricular activity and personal details
• There is an application fee of £26

  Australia 

• Students must apply to their chosen universities directly and take note of entry requirements, application details and important dates and deadlines. 
• International students often have the option to apply via post or online by downloading application forms from the university websites. 
• Most applications require personal details, proof of English language ability , academic transcripts, course preferences and sometimes a summary of related employment experience. 
• Most universities will charge a non-refundable application fee ranging from AUD$50 (£29) to AUD$100  – although some may drop this charge if you apply online so make sure you check.

Course structures 

• Students choose their degree speciality before they begin university 
• Students usually choose one subject or a joint/double degree 
• Bachelor’s degrees often take three to four years to complete, master’s degrees usually take one year (when studying full-time), and PhD programmes can take three-plus years
• Some degrees, such as medicine, will encourage practical experience after the first few years but most courses will only encourage internships and placements in the final year of the degree
• It is uncommon for students to transfer universities if they wish to change course. They often have to drop out and begin the process again (although it is best to discuss with your university first as they may have a solution)   
• In first year, students take a range of classes in approximately four subjects each term 
• It is common for students to choose two subjects for a double or combined degree 
• Typical bachelor’s degrees will take three years, however combined courses or specific subjects may take longer 
• Students are encouraged to take on internships and placements throughout their degree 
• It is possible for domestic and international students to transfer to other universities; check your university’s transfer policy for more information

Accommodation and student life 

• It is legal to drink alcohol from the age of 18 so students have the option to venture outside campus to pubs and clubs in the local area, as well as on campus
• It is common for students to spend their first year in university rooms on campus and share kitchen and living spaces 
• Students then move into privately rented accommodation in later years and often share the property with friends or classmates 
• Students can join societies and sport teams to keep up their hobbies or try new activities or sports
• Students can attend sport and social events organised by the university’s student union  
• It is also legal to drink from the age of 18 in Australia. However, this is specifically for licensed public venues. The law to drink alcohol in private homes is different depending on what state you are in. Like in the UK, pub culture is a big part of socialising in Australia
• It is popular for students to choose on-campus residential accommodation in Australia . However, a limited number of rooms are available so there is also the option of homestays, renting privately and apartments 
• Many Australian universities are near the beach and students often spend time there between classes
• Outdoor sports are very popular in Australia and there are opportunities for students to learn everything from rock climbing to scuba diving 
• Student unions run many clubs and teams that you can join depending on your interests

Exams and teaching  

British and Australian universities are both known for innovative, high-quality teaching. Students are encouraged to study independently but there is also lots of support from their tutors and other departmental staff throughout the year and during exam season .

Classes consist of a combination of lectures, seminars and workshops with some practical lessons depending on your chosen subject.

Both countries use a percentage system when grading exams and assignments. In the UK, degrees are awarded as first-class honours (1:1), upper and lower second-class honours (2:1, 2:2) and third-class honours (3) depending on the percentage band that a student’s final grade falls into.

In Australian universities the system is similar, but the final awards are known as High Distinction (HD), Distinction (D), Credit (C) and Pass (P).

Cost and financial aid  

• The average cost of a bachelor’s degree costs up to £30,000 per year for international students 
• The average cost for a master’s degree is approximately £17,110 for international students 
• Students with UK citizenship can apply to Student Finance for financial aid with their tuition fees and living expenses 
• Many scholarships are available for international students to help with the cost of studying
• Many students take on part-time jobs and this is possible for some international students depending on their visa restrictions   
• The average tuition fee for international students is AUSD$30,840 per year 
• A master’s degree will cost between AUS$22,000 and AUSD$50,000 per year 
• Students can take advantage of university, financial, government and private scholarships  for help towards tuition and expenses 
• It is common for students to work alongside their studies to help with expenses and fees. Students are allowed to work up to 40 hours every two weeks when university classes are in session and unlimited hours outside term time (but always check your visa allowance for more information)

Term dates 

Most UK universities start their first term in September, the second in January and the third in April, with breaks at Christmas and Easter.

In Australia, students have the choice to begin university in the first semester, which runs from March until June, or the second semester from July until October. Students who want to start in the first term need to apply by December at the latest and for the second term the deadline for applications is May. However, many domestic students apply much earlier than that so make sure you get your application in as early as you can. 

Now that you have all of the information about both countries, why not check out some more info about studying in  Australia or the UK . 

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This article was published by the Great British Mag content team on 2 June 2021.

Want to know the pros and cons on studying in the UK vs Australia? Well that’s exactly what you will find in this article. So, keep reading to find out whether the UK or Australia is a better fit for you.

Will I be welcomed as an international student?

One pro for each country is that both are welcoming to international students. Australia and the UK have policies that help make the student experience smooth. And both also offer visa options that allow students to settle after they have completed their studies.

Australia is currently the fifth most popular destination for international students whilst the UK is the second after the USA .

What’s the local culture like?

The UK is made up of four countries (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) which makes the local culture varied. And it has over 50 accents and in Wales people speak Welsh as well as English. The UK is also multicultural, with decades of immigration from all parts of the world.  

And if we are going to talk about national stereotypes, Brits are known to be a reserved lot that are super polite. They love their tea and football and have a sense of humour that can be hard to decode.

The biggest shock in Australia may be the switched seasons! That’s right, “The Land Down Under” is cold in June and super hot in January. In fact, many Australians will actually celebrate Christmas with outdoor barbecues rather than a Christmas dinner.

Overall, Australians are typically laid-back and easy-going. Australians are seen as friendly, and many don’t use formalities. Students often call their professors by their first name! Similar to Brits, Aussie humour centres around self-deprecating humour. They also tease their friends in a loving way.

How does higher education differ between Australia and the UK?

There are 90 world-ranking universities in the UK, including the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge . The University of Oxford is considered the best university in the world, according to Times Higher Education. UK universities are seen as prestigious with great resources. Plus, a degree from a UK university is well received by employers around the world.

Australia has 13 universities in the global top 200, including the University of Melbourne and the University of Sydney. The University of Melbourne is 31st in world rankings, according to Times Higher Education. While Australian universities aren’t quite as prestigious, there are many options. And it can be cheaper to study in Australia compared to the UK.

How long do undergraduate and postgraduate degrees take?

An undergraduate degree in England or Australia normally takes three years to complete. The exception in the UK is Scotland where it takes four years. However, a PG degree can take between one or two years to complete in Australia but one year in the UK.

What are the costs of studying in the UK vs Australia?

The average tuition cost in the UK for an international student is £12,705 per year but cost can go up to £38,000 a year for a medical degree. On top of these fees you will need to budget for accommodation, food, travel, books and other living costs .

Australian tuition for international students costs about £10,885 per year, making it cheaper than the UK. Australian universities charge you based on how many credit hours you take for the year. Like UK university students, Australian university students usually prepare their own food rather than purchasing a meal plan.

How are courses structured?

In the UK most courses have a mixture of lectures, seminars, individual assignments and group projects. If you are studying something like medicine you are likely to spend time in a clinical environment. Those that are doing an art-based subject will spend most of their time creating their own masterpieces!

If you’re not too sure what you want to study in the UK you have the option of doing a general course such as social sciences. But if you know what career you want to pursue you can do a specific degree, such as law.

Lectures at universities in Australia are sometimes mandatory, and it’s in your best interest to go. This may be part of a “hurdle requirement” you must complete in order to pass the course.

Participation is key and could contribute to your final grade. Similar to the UK, your grade will also consist of written and hands-on assignments as well as group projects and exams.

How does the grading differ between Australia and the UK?

The UK grading system uses honours to show how well a student performed. The highest is a first-class honours, usually 70% or above, and the lowest is without honours, or a pass, usually 40% or lower.

Grading in Australia will depend on what university you choose to attend. It often varies by region. Australian universities in New South Wales and Queensland use distinctions. The highest ranking is High Distinction [HD]. It is anything between 83% and 100%. If you score 50% or above, you pass. The lowest is an F, or a fail, which is anything less than or equal to 49%.

Southern universities also use distinctions but use more levels, so there is a pass level 1 and 2 and a fail level 1 and 2. Some use letter grades A-F with A being the highest mark, and others use a mix of distinctions and letter grading.

Can I work whilst I study?

You can work up to 20 hours a week during term time and an unlimited number of hours outside of term time as an international student in the UK . Once you graduate, you can stay for up to two years working or searching for employment after earning a Post Study Work Visa .

On a student visa in Australia you can work up to 40 hours over a fortnight and like the UK you can apply for the Post-Study Work stream, a visa which allows you to stay for 2-4 years depending on your type of degree and qualification.

What are the differences in living costs?

If you move to the UK you can expect to pay around £1,250 a month in accommodation costs in larger cities. That excludes your food. You will also need to factor in tuition and other living costs on top of that. The cost of living can vary a lot from city to city so check out our guide on which UK cities are good for students to choose and how to create a realistic budget .

In the UK healthcare is free for international students after a surcharge of £150 for each academic year. This payment covers general practitioner visits, emergency treatment, family planning services, compulsory psychiatric treatment and diagnosis and treatment of some diseases.

In Australia, you can expect to pay between £760 and £1360 a month to cover living expenses, including food and entertainment.

Additionally, international students in Australia are required to have Overseas Student Health Cover for the entirety of their stay. It is health insurance that will cover the costs of some medical assistance, ambulance transport and prescriptions. Depending on the provider, it can cost about £270 for a year. 

What salary can I expect after graduation?

If you stay in the UK after studying the average annual salary for graduates is about £26,345. However, your salary will depend on your degree. The unemployment rate for college graduates in the UK was 4.6% in late 2020. The overall unemployment rate in 2020 was 7.5% while Australia’s was 7.1%.

Australian graduates do really well for themselves, earning an average £33,200 per year after graduation. Unfortunately, the employment rate for college graduates in Australia has seen a decline recently. In fact in March, almost one in four unemployed Australians had a university degree.

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8 big differences between the US and UK PhD experience

And one important similarity. 

Helen Robertson

Credit: Malte Mueller/Getty

And one important similarity.

11 March 2020

Malte Mueller/Getty

In 2019, I took a risk by moving halfway around the world as a postdoctoral researcher in molecular evolution.

Since then, I’ve been struck by how different the grad school experience is here at the University of Chicago in the US, compared with my time at the University College London in the UK, where I completed my PhD in 2017.

Here’s what I’ve noticed:

1. UK grad school interviews are shorter and more lab-specific

In the UK, you’re likely to apply directly to a lab for an advertised project or one that you develop with your supervisor.

In the US, the application process is more centralized. You usually apply to a school instead of a lab. Some programs even require you to take a standardized Graduate Entry Program test, though this seems to be on the decline .

Grad school interviews in the US tend to be longer. They can involve a series of interviews, tours, and faculty events over a number of days.

2. In the US, a work-life balance is harder to achieve

I’ve been surprised by how all-encompassing a US doctorate can be. Even after the first year of teaching, the number of seminars, journal clubs, and university-related activities make the US PhD experience very grad school-centric.

I was fortunate during my UK-based PhD to approach it more like a full-time job than a continuation of my masters year. There were intense periods that required late nights in the lab, but I had time to pursue other interests , which provided some balance and made me more productive at work.

Of course, it’s difficult to generalize about working patterns. Demanding schedules are not wholly dictated by the country you’re studying in. A recent study found that 76% of surveyed grad students spent more than 41 hours a week on their project.

3. It takes longer to complete a PhD in the US

Probably the best-known difference is the time it takes to complete a PhD.

UK PhD programs tend towards three years in length, although it’s increasingly getting closer to four years – a trend that might soon be reflected in funding arrangements .

It’s a different story in the US, where, according to the Survey of Earned Doctorates , students take an average of 5.7 years to graduate.

4. UK PhD fees tend to be lower

Fees err on the more expensive side in the US, as they do for undergraduate degrees – although this isn’t always true for international students.

US PhD fees, coupled with the longer study time, means that the costs associated with grad school are generally higher than in the UK, even before living costs are considered.

If you have a funding body attached to your project, it will likely pay your tuition fees as part of its finance package. But this flags a major difference between the two countries: funding and scholarships.

5. Many US students need to apply for their own funding

From my understanding, most advertised science-based PhD projects in the UK are attached to funding, which covers tuition fees, bench costs, and living expenses. The tax-free PhD stipend set by all UK Research Councils is £15,285 (approximately US$20,000), although other funding bodies pay more.

In the US, there is no national funding level – your level of financial support will be dictated by your school or lab. This means there is generally much more encouragement for US PhD students to apply for their own funding than there is in the UK.

This is good experience for a future scientific career, but if you have to work additional hours to supplement scholarships, you’ll ultimately end up with less time for your project.

6. US PhD programs are more structured

This is particularly true in the first year for US PhDs, which includes lectures, exams, and lab rotations. Only at the end of the first year, after passing your qualifying exam, do you have the opportunity to pick the lab you’re going to pursue your PhD research in.

In the UK, I started in the lab that I spent the duration of my studies in. This meant no structured classes or rotations in my first year, and I began my own research right away.

PhDs that are run through a Doctoral Training Centre (DTC) – centres that manage the Research Council-funded PhD degrees – are increasingly popular in the UK, and include classes and rotations during the first year, but often without the frequent exams and coursework that characterize grad school in the US.

7. There is more focus on defending your thesis in the UK

Writing my thesis was the final hurdle of my UK PhD experience. It gave me the opportunity to document my ideas, successes (and failures), and the context of my project. I defended my thesis in a closed session with two examiners: one internal to my institution, and one external.

From what I’ve seen, finishing a doctorate in the US is less focused on a thesis. Instead, your committee determines that you have completed sufficient work and skill attainment to warrant your defense. Only then can you write your thesis, and defend it in a public session.

In the UK, it’s unlikely you’ll know your examiners well, but a US PhD defense is assessed by the same thesis committee that have known you for the duration of your studies.

8. Teaching is an added bonus in the UK

My UK PhD funding set no teaching requirements: instead, I was free to teach labs and mark coursework at the discretion of my supervisor. And I was paid for any teaching hours I did.

Teaching requirements in the US vary from school to school. For some students, working as a teaching assistant is necessary to pay fees and living expenses – particularly if you don’t have comprehensive funding.

There might also be minimum teaching requirements for the duration of your PhD in the US. In this respect, the time commitment and financial compensation of teaching is very institution-specific.

One important similarity: The lab you join will determine your experience

Despite the differences in structure and requirements between UK and US PhDs, one thing that is common to them all is that, ultimately, your PhD is going to be shaped by the lab you decide to join.

If have a positive working environment and appropriate guidance and support from your supervisor, and you’re interested in and motivated by your thesis topic, then your grad school experience will likely be rewarding.

And that’s true regardless of the country you’re studying in.

How are PhD students meant to survive on two-thirds of the minimum wage?

Lecturer in Applied Mathematics and Physics, Griffith University

Associate Dean Learning and Teaching, College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University

Disclosure statement

Nathan Garland has previously received funding from an Australian Postgraduate Award.

Shaun Belward works for James Cook University. He received an Australian Postgraduate Research Award to study a PhD in the 1990s and has also benefitted from federally funded learning and teaching grants.

James Cook University and Griffith University provide funding as members of The Conversation AU.

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Over the decades, supportive parents of Australian students on the cusp of graduating from their undergraduate studies have occasionally been struck by a bewildering decision by their pride and joy. Instead of pursuing an appetising salary in a prestigious company, their student has instead decided to do the unthinkable: they’re going to do a PhD. Where’s the money in that? What will we tell the neighbours?

A PhD program is foremost a training experience. A PhD student works a full-time apprenticeship ( 38 hours a week on average) in their chosen research field, guided by expert mentors along the way. While the choice to enter a PhD program is primarily based on a student wanting to upskill and learn, much like the choice to pursue an undergraduate degree, the starting point, method of study and outputs of a PhD are very different.

In Australia, the standard scheme to fund the living costs of PhD candidates is a tax-free stipend from their university. The university is allocated the funds via the Research Training Program (RTP) .

This stipend is now $28,854 a year (indexed annually against inflation). That’s only two-thirds of the national minimum wage after last week’s increase to $42,246.88 .

Read more: This 5.2% decision on the minimum wage could shift the trajectory for all

In weekly terms an income of $554.88 puts PhD candidates well below the poverty line of $608.96 for a single person if they have to pay for housing. Further, it’s close to an all-time low of 30% as a proportion of average full-time earnings.

In 2017 a sliding scale of stipends was introduced. Looking at the websites of the 39 members of Universities Australia in June 2022, it is encouraging to see a few universities offer higher rates than the required minimum for their PhD programs. However, most universities still mandate the lowest base rate.

A fair shake of the sauce bottle

This funding arrangement has been in place for some time, serving the community reasonably well. However, in the current economic climate of uncertainty, rising costs of living, skyrocketing rents and the Fair Work Commission’s decision to increase the minimum wage by 5.2%, it is worth comparing historical stipend rates , dating back to 1959, with other relevant yardsticks of income.

To make a fair comparison, we could scale up historically recorded weekly average , median and minimum wages over a 52-week year, noting that most Australian PhD programs permit 20 days of paid personal leave per year. Below, we see how these annual incomes have evolved over time since the inception of the PhD stipend.

Alternately, we can plot the PhD base rate and minimum wage as proportions of the average full-time income. Also shown is the consumer price index (CPI) as a standard measure of inflation, to give us some context – especially at this time of soaring living costs.

At present, PhD stipends languish far below the minimum wage, even allowing for tax on the minimum wage (take off roughly $4,600 for the new minimum wage). The PhD stipend is at a near historical low when compared to the average full-time annual income.

Clearly, from the historical trends in the above graphs, things weren’t always this bad. The minimum wage and PhD stipend values have been comparable, but now they are well and truly detached.

Read more: Is it a good time to be getting a PhD? We asked those who've done it

Most PhD candidates have already done four or five years of university studies and have advanced, valuable skill sets. Being asked to live far below minimum wage seems a little unfair.

It’s also worth considering the overall benefits and impacts of knowledge generated a PhD student generates. They produce journal articles throughout their PhD project. Being told to survive well below minimum wage, while making valuable contributions to society and the future of Australia, doesn’t sound like a fair go for those who have a go, as a former prime minister once said .

Read more: 1 in 5 PhD students could drop out. Here are some tips for how to keep going

But there is hope

While these trends and current situations don’t make for happy reading, there is hope, and precedent for change. The above graphs show the Rudd-Gillard Labor governments arrested the free-fall in PhD stipend value around 2009. This happened in response to a proposal by the Council of Australian Postgraduate Associations after PhD students fell below the poverty line for the first time.

Looking abroad to Europe , countries like the UK, Germany and Italy show us it is possible to value the hard work of research students at universities.

Read more: Australia can get a better return on its investment in PhD graduates

The COVID-19 pandemic allowed us to consider the immediate relevance of cutting-edge science, technology and medical research. As the world waited for an end to lockdowns and uncertainty, PhD students were making vital contributions to help find a way out of our global predicament. Although usually in a supporting capacity, their role required a significantly advanced and niche skill set.

Some of these PhD students across Australia probably could have made a bit more money working fewer hours if they did run off and join the circus instead, but we’re lucky they didn’t.

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A Comparative Analysis of the Education System in the US, UK, and Australia

UK Education System Comparison: Wondering about the differences and similarities in the US, UK, and Australian education systems? Read this blog for a better understanding.

Dreaming of higher education in international countries is an exciting and life-changing journey. It is a great way to excel in your career by gaining the best opportunities from your desired universities and the country. Among all the international countries, the US, the UK, and Australia are the top education destinations that students apply to. However, it is crucial to understand the education system of these nations to help prospective students make informed choices, as the education pattern has changed dramatically over the years.

Here, we briefly summarize a comparison of the UK vs. US vs Australia’s education pattern.

Diverse Higher Education Opportunities

United States: The US offers diverse academic programs across its 4,000 reputed and accredited universities. Students studying abroad choose US universities for their flexibility and future scope. All the universities in the USA offer liberal arts, sciences, engineering, or business courses, allowing students to explore their interests.

United Kingdom: With prestigious universities like Oxford and Cambridge, the UK’s education system is known for its comprehensive and advanced undergraduate programs in the fields of business, law, and sciences that are globally recognized. Moreover, the UK universities are recognized as a global leader in research and education.

Australia: The Australian universities offer various engineering, medicine, and environmental sciences specialization courses. It’s pretty impressive that the top 6 out of 100 ranking institutions are right there in Australia. But what’s cool about studying in Australia is that they keep a balance between practical as well as theoretical learning. The education pattern in Australia is not restricted to the classroom, and they have a strong economy, which creates excellent employment opportunities.

Duration of the Course

When it comes to the duration of the courses, most of Australia's top universities have three to four years of undergraduate program, while the master’s program usually lasts for one to two years, depending on the specialization you choose. The duration of the doctorate program is around three to four years. Moreover, Australia has a similar educational system as US and UK universities have.

The US follows a four-year undergraduate program system comprising 120-128 semester credit hours. Some universities in the USA offer a 3-year program with placement options. The master's program in the USA typically takes one to two years, depending on the course and the university, while PhD programs can vary in length.

The UK undergraduate program duration is three years, and a master's degree aspirant can attain the degree in one year. The duration of the doctorate programs in the UK is around three to four years, which generally emphasizes research.

Tuition Fees and Scholarships

The tuition fees in the top universities in USA are significantly high. However, the fees and breakup of fees depend on the program and the university you choose. The scholarship opportunities are highly competitive, and one should prepare well for entrance exams and other exams such as GRE/ GMAT and IELTS to lock their seats in universities.

The UK is one of the top education destinations for all international students due to its low fees and high return on investment. The scholarship opportunities can be availed as most universities have separate university awards for those aiming for higher education in the UK.

Australia has relatively higher education fees and affordable living costs than the US and UK. The country offers scholarships and financial aid to help you cut unnecessary costs.

For better information, contacting leading higher education consultants like Azent Overseas Education is advisable.

Curriculum and Assessment

The curriculum in the US commonly includes a blend of assignments, group projects, presentations, critical thinking, and exams by offering a wide range of elective courses. On the other hand, active participation in class activities helps to increase the grades. The UK education pattern primarily focuses on the coursework by conducting major assignments or examinations. No continuous studies are conducted, whereas the final evaluation is based on a dissertation project or a research examination. In the Australian education system, most universities include theoretical and practical learning by conducting essay exams and practical assessments to evaluate the student's learning outcomes. Continuous assessment is a part of the curriculum in Australia.

Post-Study Work Opportunities

Universities in the USA offer Optional Practical Training for international students. This opportunity allows students to work in the related field of their degree for at least 12 months. On the other hand, the UK university has great post-study work options as they allow students to work for at least two years after receiving the degree and three years in case of PhD graduates. Students can seek employment or start a business in the UK after completing their studies during this period. In contrast, Australia's top universities offer a temporary work visa, which allows international students to work for a while following the level of study completed there.

Why Considering an Education System is Important?

Understanding the educational systems of the UK, US, and Australia is crucial as each system offers distinct programs, course duration, and teaching and learning techniques, allowing students to choose the best that aligns with their interests and future goals. Knowing about the education patterns and curriculums to study in UK , US, and Australia can help students navigate the difficulties and opportunities abroad. Familiarity with the education pattern empowers students to score well and gain bright opportunities.

Over to You

Choosing the right education destination is crucial in a student's education and career journey. Knowing the UK, US, and Australian education curricula will help the students make an informed choice that aligns with their career goals and objectives. Other factors, such as globally recognized universities, cultural exposure, networking, course scope, and financial aspects, are essential considerations.

From choosing the best education destination to understanding the curriculum of the universities, Azent can provide personalized guidance on managing the academic and professional landscapes in international countries. One should enjoy a smooth transition to a foreign country to pursue higher education. The Azent Overseas Education provides expert guidance and insights into various educational systems, helping students embark on their educational journey.

Please feel free to contact our team, and don't miss the opportunity to study abroad.

Start your 1:1 Counselling with Experts at Azent

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The UK vs Australia for International Students - Where Should I Study?

When it comes to choosing between the UK and Australia for international students, it's natural to get confused. Both of these countries have long histories of offering high-quality education, but they also have their own unique traits that make them stand out from the rest of Europe and Asia. Here, we'll look at why these two countries are so popular among international students, and compare their academic offerings so you can choose the right fit for you!

Choosing the Right Academic Destination: Australia and the UK

You might be wondering if it is better to go to the UK or Australia for international students. Both countries are very popular destinations among international students who are looking for quality education. Both offer good scope for volunteering activities and internships and have a growing number of universities with great facilities. You will know which country is perfect for you based on the combination of factors important to you in choosing your ideal university. We are going to discuss the UK vs Australia for international students and describe the differences in universities and student life. All of these are important factors when you start your journey as an international student.

1. Academic Quality

Want to pursue your studies in a nation renowned for its academic excellence? Australia and the UK are fantastic places to start looking! Both countries have a solid reputation for providing excellent education.

The UK has a well-established academic and historical reputation. You can see the influence of the British university system throughout the world. Students from all over the world have access to excellent research opportunities in the UK. Similarly, Australia is home to many universities and offers a world-class education system. Australian educational institutions offer practical teaching standards and high-quality research. An Australian degree, like a UK one, has immense recognition throughout the world.

The UK and Australia are home to some of the most prestigious universities in the world. The United Kingdom is well-known for outstanding institutions like the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford, consistently ranking in the top five universities worldwide. On the other hand, the University of Melbourne and the University of Queensland are just two examples of the many highly-regarded universities in Australia, respected both domestically and internationally.

*This list is based on the QS World University Rankings 2023

2. Popular Courses

For some, the beginning of your entire journey starts with choosing a subject that you want to study. The UK and Australia have excellent options for you if you want to select a destination based on your field of study. Here are a few of the popular courses that an international student can take in both countries:

3. Tuition Fees

Regardless of where you decide to study, you must consider the cost of the degree you want to study. For both Australia and the UK, tuition fees depend on a few factors:

• The university : Generally, the bigger the university and the greater its reputation, the higher the tuition fees. Public universities tend to cost less in tuition compared to private universities
• The location:  Universities in parts of the country where the cost of living is higher tend to have higher tuition fees. Typically, these are the universities in the big, metropolitan cities, whereas schools in the suburbs or countryside tend to be more affordable
• Your program:  Tuition fees at the same university may vary depending on the program you're enrolling in. These fees may depend on how resource-intensive the program is as well as how specialised the subject is. For example, programs in dentistry can cost several times higher than a linguistics degree
• Your study level:  Bachelor's degrees in the UK tend to be around 3 years long, meaning you get to complete your studies faster and perhaps at a lower total price tag than Canada or the USA. Depending on the university, Australian bachelor's degrees may be 3 or 4 years long. A postgraduate master's degree in either country may cost you less, because most programs are shorter than bachelor's, generally one to two years long.

The yearly tuition costs for international students in the UK for undergraduates and postgraduates might vary from GBP £11,000 to £32,000 and GBP £10,000 to £38,000 respectively.

The annual tuition cost for international undergraduates and postgraduates studying in Australia is roughly GBP £17,000 and £20,000 respectively. The cost of the degree depends on the course you choose to study as well as the university.

Below, we’re breaking down the average tuition fees for undergraduate students at moderately priced UK and Australian universities:

4. semester structure.

Australia and the UK have almost the same semester structure. The major difference is that the academic year begins at different times for both countries. Most universities have a fixed number of semesters each year - generally there are 2-3 intakes per year.

There are two major intakes at UK universities , in September (Autumn) and January (Winter). The Autumn semester is the official start of the academic year. Although some universities offer a third intake in the summer, this is less popular and provides fewer course options.

In Australia, the academic year begins in February or March . Seasons have quite different meanings in Australia than what you may be familiar with. As the country is in the southern hemisphere, the seasons tend to be upside down. Semester 1 (Autumn) - starting at the beginning of the year - and Semester 2 (Spring) - starting in the middle of the year - are common at most universities. Some universities also provide a third intake for specific summer courses. These take place around September and November.

5. Quality of Life

Studying in either Australia or the UK can be an amazing experience. The two countries are both well-known for their safe environments, quality of life, and highly educated populations.

Both the UK and Australia are home to some of the best student cities in the world. London continues to hold the #1 spot for the QS Best Student Cities rankings of 2023, with Melbourne close behind at #5. The UK and Australia are both culture hubs and melting pots, with diverse communities, rich history in immigration, and cosmopolitan nature that welcomes international students. As largely English-speaking countries with their own accents and slang, international students can navigate on- and off-campus environments with ease while picking up the local flavour of speech. Each country offers its own distinct history, culture, and cuisine, coexisting within a multicultural mosaic. Meanwhile, both countries also offer a range of natural landscapes and terrain to experience - from the mountains, beaches and the Outback in Australia, to the UK’s ridges, valleys, and quaint countrysides.

Don’t forget, the city you choose to live in will have a major impact on your overall cost of living. When it comes to buying groceries, food, or rent the cost of living is much higher in metropolitan cities like Sydney or London.

6. Work Opportunities

In order to take up part-time employment in the UK or Australia, you must meet a number of requirements. Your ability to work as an international student depends on various factors.

To you qualify for part-time employment in the UK , you must enrol in a full-time course provided by a university with the right authorisation to enrol international students. You are subject to certain work hour limitations based on your level of study. You may work 20 part-time hours per week at the degree level or higher. The good news is you can work full-time throughout yearly semester breaks! If your Student visa does not authorise part-time employment, you might still be able to get some work experience through internships or work placements that form part of your program.

In the case of Australia if you hold the Subclass 500 Student visa , you can work part-time as well. You have the right to work for 40 hours every two weeks. Like the UK, you can work full-time during semester breaks!

You should never go over the maximum number of hours you’re allowed to work as an international student. Doing so in either country could lead to visa cancellation and future visa rejections. If you’d like to work more, then the holidays are the right time to do so! 

7. Post-Study Opportunities

International students can apply for two-year Graduate route visas in the UK after completing an undergraduate or postgraduate degree. Students who have earned a PhD may be eligible for three-year visas. Since these visas aren’t eligible for the extension, international students are free to apply for other UK visas such as the Skilled Worker Visa after their current one expires. When completing an application, students must be physically present in the UK and pay both the application cost and the healthcare extra.

If you want to live and work in Australia after graduating, then you should go for the Subclass 485 visa (Temporary Graduate Visa) . You can stay and work in Australia for a certain period of time with this visa depending on your qualification level. You will need to search and apply for work independently. You have six months to apply for the visa after officially completing your degree. At the time of application, you must have a valid visa, and you must have had a student visa at some point in the previous six months.

Concluding Thoughts: The UK vs Australia for International Students

As we all know, Australia and the United Kingdom are highly desirable destinations for students all over the globe. You can choose your own destination based on the aspects that are important to you. If you were unsure about which country to select in the debate of the UK vs Australia for international students, we hope our highlights in this article have helped you decide. Now it's up to you to choose the country that best suits your needs.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Which country - the uk or australia - is more welcoming to international students.

No matter how great the country is, you will always feel a little uneasy if you don't feel like you are welcome there. Fortunately, both the UK and Australia are very friendly to international students. Policies in Australia and the UK make it much easier for international students to study here. In fact, the education systems of both countries prioritise diversifying their campuses. As part of these efforts, they offer opportunities like international student scholarships to attract international students to their institutions.

Is it cheaper to study in the United Kingdom or Australia for international students?

Higher education in a foreign country will always be more expensive than education in your own country. International students have to pay more compared to the domestic students in the United Kingdom and Australia. Furthermore, tuition and living expenditures differ depending on the university, level of study, and even where in the country the university is. We recommend thoroughly researching the different ranges of tuition and living expenses to locate your ideal university.

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Study in the UK vs Australia

Are you a Malaysian student looking for the perfect study destination? This article compares the UK and Australia to help you make your final decision.

For many students who wish to study abroad, the  UK  and  Australia  are two of the top popular choices. Both countries have prestigious education systems and a high quality of life. Each year, Malaysian students arrive in both countries to further their studies and many choose to stay on to build their careers after that. Here, we weigh up the pros and cons of these two locations to help you decide which country will suit your needs best.

International student population

With over 485,000 international students enrolled on UK higher education programmes, the overseas student population is great. Whilst the number of students from Malaysia account for just over 1 per cent of the overseas student population, the small number could be advantageous to Malaysians. Being one of the few means you’ll have to get out of your comfort zone, mingle with people from all walks of life and create new friendships that will prove to be an enlightening experience. However, if you wish to study in Australia, you’ll find a lot more students from Malaysia and other neighbouring countries. Not only will you feel way more at home, but you’ll be able to fit in quickly and not feel like a fish out of water.

Sporting activities

Sports play a big role in both the UK and Australia. From football and rugby to cricket, fans (and even nonfans) pile into pubs and stadiums to watch these sporting events – which are often considered a fun social gathering amongst friends. Of course, if you’re new to the country, joining in is a good way to make new friends and break the ice. Because the UK goes through hot and long wet, cold spells, doing sports outdoors may be limited to only the spring and summer. On the other hand, you’ll be able to do more sports outdoors in Australia throughout the year due to its hot and friendlier climate.

British and Australian cultures

It’s difficult to define the British culture as the wide variety of students flocking to UK institutions from around the world has created such a melting pot of different cultures in addition to the diversity of the country itself. So, if you’re adventurous and would love to experience the world in one location, Britain is the perfect study destination. Whereas in Australia, the culture’s not too different from Malaysia’s. If you crave open friendliness, outdoor space, a laidback lifestyle and sun, Australia will be a good choice.

Working visas

For many students, having the opportunity to work in a foreign country after completing their studies is a plus point. In the UK, students can apply for the postgraduate work visa which entitles you to stay for two years to find employment, as long as you have previously studied in the UK for at least one year. If you’re interested, have a look at some of the  UK  courses that will enable you to remain in the UK after graduation.

In Australia, international graduates are entitled to stay for 2-4 years as long as two years of prior study have been completed in the country. This is also known as the  Temporary Graduate Visa . You can find out more about your rights to stay in Australia with our handy visa guides . Make the most of this opportunity and search for courses in  Australia  now.

University recognition

Australian universities are recognised as world leaders in subjects such as business, economics, sciences, medicine, geology, physical geography, social work and sports science. With the Great Barrier Reef right on the doorstep, studying marine biology and conservation will give weight to your qualifications.

During your research, look out for the mention of the group of eight, as refers to eight leading universities in Australia known for excellence in research and international impact. Alternatively, the UK is also recognised for its world-class education. With universities like Oxford and Cambridge consistently ranking within the top three institutions in the world, the UK offers unbeatable education. With a UK degree, you’ll find yourself a lot more marketable and employable in many other parts of the world.

Begin your journey by searching our extensive list of  UK undergraduate  and  Australia undergraduate  courses. Or alternatively, use our course matcher tool to quickly find a course and university based on your preferences.

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• Related courses are available in 1824 universities

What is a university prospectus?

Part of the package of being an international student is spending time researching and evaluating your university options. You’ll be looking for the most up to date information on courses, degrees, fees, accommodation and everything you can expect at a particular university. It’s good to have all of this information in one document, which is why a university prospectus is important. We explore what a university prospectus is, why they’re important and how you can

Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2024

Not sure where to study? The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2024 can help. Now in its 20th year, the list compares almost 2,000 universities from more than 100 regions and countries, providing you with one of the most respected reviews of higher education institutions around the world. Wherever you are looking to apply, this can be a great support to your decision-making. Find out how as we explore the latest THE Rankings .  

The top 10 reasons to study abroad

Why study abroad? 5.3 million international students choose to study abroad each year (UNESCO 2019). This leads us to wonder, why do so many students study outside of their home country? In this article, we explore some of the top reasons why students choose to qualify abroad. This list should help you decide on your next steps in higher education. Whether you’re thinking about studying at the undergraduate, postgraduate or PhD level, use our list of the top 10

How to compare universities?

When researching universities, you can’t help but compare and that’s a great way to find what’s right for you. By considering the pros and cons of each institution you are interested in, you will gradually discover what matters to you most. For example, has the university heavily invested in sports facilities or do they provide work placements and study abroad options?   You need to think about what matters most to you. Perhaps you have several

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Study in Australia

Head Down under and join the booming international student population at some of the best universities in the world

Sandy beaches, deep blue ocean, relaxed living, good weather and barbeques in the sun are just a few of the things that we associate with Australia. But did you know that the country has a globally recognised higher education system? It welcomes international students with open arms, and even has regulations to ensure you'll receive a high-quality education.

The cost of living is generally higher than in Europe, so be prepared for the expense. However, Australians love the great outdoors and strolling along the beach or surfing is free. In your study-free hours you can explore a variety of landscapes, from metropolitan cities and coastal idylls to rainforests and the outback. One thing's for certain, you'll never be short of places to explore thanks to the country's 20 world heritage sites.

Australian universities

The country is vast and has 43 universities located across state capitals and regional areas, so with some thorough research you're bound to find the perfect place to settle.

Institutions offer thousands of courses in a range of subjects, from science and humanities to management and engineering. The education structure mirrors that of the UK, allowing students to pursue Bachelors, Masters, and Doctorate degrees.

For a full list of Australian universities, see Study Australia.

When it comes to university world rankings Australia has an impressive track record.  Nine of the country's institutions feature in the  QS World University Rankings 2024 top 100. These include:

• Australian National University
• The University of Melbourne
• The University of Sydney
• University of New South Wales
• The University of Queensland
• Monash University
• The University of Western Australia.

The country's oldest research universities comprise the Group of Eight (Go8) including Australian National University, Monash University and the universities of Adelaide, Melbourne, New South Wales, Queensland, Sydney and Western Australia.

Melbourne is the most popular student city according to the  QS Best Student Cities 2023 , with Sydney and Brisbane following close behind in the top 30. Adelaide, Perth and Canberra also feature in the top 40.

The academic year usually starts in February, but this can vary depending on your institution and level of study.

Study Options

The official free application support service for students wanting to enrol at Australian universities. They can answer any questions about entry requirements, course details, costs, student visas and student accommodation.

Degree courses in Australia

Bachelors programmes typically take three years to complete (four years for an honours degree). They're generally split into two semesters, although some universities offer three.

Entry onto Australian higher education programmes is competitive and to gain a place on a course you'll need a high school leaver's certificate or equivalent. You'll also need to prove your level of English proficiency if it's not your first language.

Additional entry requirements for some programmes may include the successful completion of work experience, a portfolio or audition. It's best to check this with your chosen institution.

Masters degrees

Australian Masters follow a similar format to those in the UK and usually take one or two years to complete. Qualifications awarded from Australian institutions are globally recognised and well respected by employers, putting you in a good position upon graduation.

Institutions in the country offer a range of taught and research-based Masters in areas such as creative arts, engineering, health, education and sciences to name just a few. Just like in the UK, you'll have the opportunity to pursue a Master of Arts (MA) or a Master of Science (MSc) degree. Courses focus on either traditional coursework (taught courses) or independent research (research courses), or a combination of both.

In Australia you'll also be able to study a 'Change of direction' Masters - for students looking to change subject pathways and a 'Professional development' Masters - for students looking to further their careers through additional training.

There is also the option to complete a Pre-Masters Diploma in some universities, for students with an undergraduate degree who want to qualify for a Masters in another field of study.

Entry requirements for Masters programmes in Australia vary depending on your university and subject, but basic requirements include the successful completion of a Bachelors degree, with most looking for students who hold a minimum of a 2:1 or 2:2 grade.

Other postgraduate qualifications on offer include:

• Graduate certificates
• Graduate Diplomas
• Doctoral degrees.

The Doctoral degree, or PhD, is usually a pure research degree and the highest qualification awarded by Australian universities. They typically take three years to complete and are undertaken on completion of a Masters qualification.

The Doctoral degree is a research programme made up of three components:

• a review of literature, experimentation or other methodical approach to a body of knowledge
• an original research project that contributes to understanding and knowledge in your field
• a thesis that demonstrates a relationship between the research and the field of study.

In terms of assessment, you'll submit a written thesis, but unlike in other countries, you won't need to orally defend your work.

Student exchanges

Exchanges are possible and can be a cost-effective option, as you'll continue to pay your home university's tuition fees. To take part in a student exchange programme you must be nominated and approved by the exchange coordinator at your home institution.

The University of Nottingham has partnership agreements with institutions in Adelaide, Brisbane, Canberra, Melbourne, Perth and Sydney.

If you study at the University of Edinburgh, you could head out to a total of six Australian universities on an exchange depending on your course of study. The University of Syndey has partnerships with The University of Glasgow and UCL. Manchester Metropolitan University offers exchanges in Adelaide, Brisbane, Canberra, Melbourne, Perth, Sydney and Newcastle (NSW).

Check with your institution to see what links they have to Australian universities.

Course fees

The cost of higher education in Australia is among the most expensive in the world. Fees are set by universities, not the government, so the cost of postgraduate study can vary widely. International students will pay considerably more than Australian students and foreign students are also required to pay their full tuition fees before they start their course.

Despite the increased cost of study, the country remains popular with foreign students.

You can expect to pay anywhere between $20,000 to $37,000 (£10,280 to £19,018) for a Masters degree and $14,000 to $37,000 for a Doctoral degree (£7,196 to £19,018). All costs are per-year in Australian dollars.

These estimates do not include high-value courses such as veterinary science, medicine and the Masters of Business Administration (MBA), where you should expect to pay considerably more.

Funding to study in Australia

Australian institutions are big on internationalisation, so as an overseas student you're guaranteed a warm welcome as well as a helping hand. International scholarships can take the form of grants or bursaries.

Some of the major scholarship programmes available for international students include:

• Australia Awards  - bringing together scholarships offered by several agencies including the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID).
• Endeavour Leadership Programme  - offers a range of merit-based, government-funded scholarships to study in Australia.
• Research Training Program (RTP)  - administered by individual universities on behalf of the Department of Education and Training the RTP awards grants to support domestic and overseas students studying research Masters and research Doctorate degrees.

Several Australian universities also offer scholarships to international students - for example the Monash University International Scholarships for Excellence and the University of Sydney International Scholarships. To find out what help your institution offers get in touch with the international office.

You can search for scholarships on the  Study Australia  website.

To help with living expenses you could also consider working while studying. Most student visas allow you to work for up to 40 hours every two weeks during term time. To make sure that you don't fall foul of the law, always check that you can work on your visa type before accepting a job offer.

Student visas

To study in Australia, you must obtain a student visa.

All international students need to apply for the student visa (subclass 500) online, which enables you to study full time in Australia in a recognised education institution. This visa lasts up to five years and costs around $650 Australian dollars (£309).

It is important to note that students on this visa are only permitted to work a maximum of 48 hours per fortnight. To find out more about work restrictions on the visa, visit Study Australia's Subclass 500 visa page.

To secure one you must:

• provide evidence that you've been accepted onto a course, be this a copy of your confirmation of enrolment or offer letter
• provide proof of your finances
• possess English language proficiency skills
• have health insurance
• not have a substantial criminal record.

For more details on Australian student visas, visit the  Department of Immigration and Border Protection - Visa finder.

How to apply

To study a postgraduate degree in Australia you'll need to apply directly to your chosen institution online. Entry requirements vary between universities so check these details before you begin the application process. Closing dates differ depending on your course and some programmes may accept applications all year round.

To gain a place on a course you must:

• submit an application form to your chosen university
• receive a Letter of Offer
• receive an electronic Confirmation of Enrolment (eCoE)
• apply for a student visa.

For your application to be successful you will need to provide evidence of:

• academic achievements (transcripts, certificates)
• English language proficiency
• funds to support your study
• overseas student health cover.

Language requirements

Programmes at undergraduate and postgraduate level are taught in English. In some cases, you may need to provide proof of your proficiency in the language through a recognised English language test. You may want to consider proving your proficiency through the IELTS .

It is important to note that the skill level required by institutions can differ from the level required on your student visa application.

Comparison to UK qualifications

As the Australian higher education system closely mirrors that of the UK, your qualifications will be recognised all over the world.

If you're still unsure whether your Australian qualification will be recognised in your home country, speak to your institution for clarification.

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The UK vs Australian Higher Education System

Recently, Australia has overtaken the UK  as the second most popular destination in the world for international students. Is one better than the other? What are the differences? Here, we give you the summary of the UK vs Australian Higher Education System.

Prestige and Reputation

Historically, the UK is internationally renowned for its prestigious tradition of educational excellence. Oxford and Cambridge are among the top 10 and most well known universities in the world. In the 2019 QS University Global Ranking Report , there were 7 Australian universities and 18 UK universities in the top 100. However, it’s important to note that Australia has higher proportion of Top 100 universities as it only has approximately 42 universities in the country while the UK has around 120. Still, both degrees are recognized and well regarded internationally .

Pre-requisites

Unlike the US higher education system which lets students out of high school entry straight into their four year degree programs, both UK and Australian universities require students to first complete a pre-university programme. UK universities prefer the A-levels while Australian universities prefer the Australian Matriculation (AUSMAT) or the South Australian Matriculation (SAM/SACE) . Still, both are internationally recognized and are still accepted in other countries.

AUSMAT is administered administered by the Western Australian Government and the Australian Matriculation (SAM) which is administered by the South Australian Government. Both are largely similar, requiring one year to complete and for you to choose five subjects. However, the main difference is that AUSMAT is 50% coursework and 50% exams while SAM is 70% coursework and 30% exams. A-levels on the other hand is a 18-24 month programme where students study three to five subjects and are assessed on two big final exams.

For non-native English speakers, both Australia and the UK prefer IELTS as their primary English proficiency test to assess your English writing, reading, listening and speaking abilities.

Assessments

Overall, the UK is generally more exam based in evaluating student performance than Australia. In Australia, there is more of a balance between coursework such as presentations, quizzes, participation, discussion, assignments and exams.

The UK and Australian universities also have differing grading systems. The UK uses the honours system from First Class to Third Class while Australia separates grades through high distinction to a fail.

Australia also has a seven scale Grade Point Average (GPA) system where the marks transfers as below:

• High Distinction = 7
• Distinction = 6
• Fail level 1 = 1
• Fail level 2 = 0

Unlike US degrees which allow you up to two years of study before declaring a degree, both UK and Australian undergraduate degrees require you to have chosen a major or programme beforehand. However, overall, the Australian higher education system can be seen as more flexible and broader   than the UK one. In Australia, there is more emphasis on electives (subjects outside your main area). Thus, you will be able to uniquely tailor your degree to your specific career goals if you so choose.

Studying in the honours system is also vastly different in the two countries. In the Australian higher education system, an honours degree, BA(Hons), entails another extra year of study with a focus on research . It prepares you for a postgraduate degree through the completion of a thesis or a creative or practice-based research project.

In the UK, an honours degree means studying with 360+ credits instead of the usual 300 credits but still in only three years. During the final year of study, honours students will work on a substantial project or dissertation. It is not to be confused with honours in the context of classification of degree, first class honours etc.

Cost & Length

Both the UK and Australian higher education system’s bachelor degree takes 3 years . It might come to a surprise to many but Australia is actually considered by some sources  one of the most expensive country to study in , beating out both the UK and US. Still, it all depends on where you study in the country itself though, as studying in prestigious university in London and thus living cost will likely be costlier than an average Australian university.

Other Things To Consider

Of course, the general setting and environment of the two countries are vastly different as well. The UK is more well known for its gloomy rainy weather while Australia is all non-stop sunshine. If you love wildlife and outdoor activities, Australia may be the place for you!

Culturally, many students comment that UK teachers are more formal compared to the Australians who are more relaxed and casual.

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Studying in Australia

• Why Study In Australia?

Study Abroad: Australia, UK or USA? The Ultimate Guide

  By Lauren White

Written: 12 Jul 19

Choosing where to study abroad is a big choice. Australia, the UK, and the USA have excellent universities and many opportunities.

When looking for study abroad destinations, consider education quality, cost, job options, and available financial aid and scholarships to make it easier. That way, you can choose the best fit for your adventure abroad.

Let's explore the differences between Australia, the USA, and the UK.

1. Reputation and Quality of Education

Australia, the UK, and the US are globally recognised for their high-quality education.

Australia's world-class institutions offer a clear framework, emphasiing research and practical teaching. An Australian degree holds international prestige, making it a popular choice for students worldwide.

The UK blends academic tradition with modern technology across universities in Wales, England, Ireland, and Scotland. Known for exceptional research opportunities, studying in the UK is a transformative experience for international students.

The US, a research and education powerhouse, has the highest number of universities globally. With top facilities and renowned institutions like Stanford and Harvard, the US is a leader in academia, science, and culture.

2. Degree Cost

When deciding where to study, it's important to think about how much your degree will cost. Besides tuition fees, you also need to consider everyday expenses like food, transportation, housing, and supplies.

The total cost depends on the city you choose to live in. Big cities like New York, Sydney , or London can be pricier for groceries, finding a place to live, and eating out.

Now, let's check out how much the average degree costs in Australia, the UK, and the US:

For international students in Australia, annual tuition is about AUD 30,840 for undergraduates and $31,596 for postgraduates. Master's degrees range from AUD 20,000 to $37,000, and doctoral degrees cost between AUD $14,000 and $37,000.

Tuition fees in the UK vary. International graduate students may pay GBP 10,000 to £38,000 per year, while postgraduates could see fees ranging from GBP 11,000 to £32,000.

In the USA, average yearly tuition is USD 4,800 to $48,500. Private colleges charge around USD 32,500, and public colleges are about USD 24,300 per year. Costs may differ based on whether you choose a private or public institution.

3. Employment And Immigration Opportunities 

International students choose Australia, the US, and the UK for their strong industry ties.

In Australia, students can work full-time during vacations and 40 hours per fortnight while studying. The skilled migrant programs target those with in-demand skills, especially in areas like accounting , engineering , nursing , and IT.

In the UK, students can work 20 hours per week during their course and find part-time jobs. UK degrees are globally recognised, enhancing job opportunities worldwide.

In the US, students can work on-campus for 20 hours in the first year and pursue off-campus part-time jobs in the second year. The Optional Professional Training (OPT) allows one year of post-graduation work, extendable to two years for STEM graduates, with potential for an H1B work visa.

All three countries provide avenues for international students to gain valuable work experience and, in some cases, opportunities for permanent residency.

4. Style of Learning

Consider the approach to learning in each country when deciding to study abroad.

In Australia, international students experience guided learning with lectures, small tutorials, essays, group work, and individual assignments. Emphasis is on independent and creative thinking, encouraging practical experience.

The UK combines lectures, workshops, and small-group tutorials. Professors guide students to research independently, critically analyse, and evaluate outcomes.

In the US, education focuses on diverse subjects, requiring regular updates, research papers, assignments, and participation in presentations and debates. Course grades are determined by assignment performance and final examinations.

5. The Pros and Cons of Studying in Australia Vs The UK and US

Welcoming and vibrant culture.

Comparatively cheaper tuition fees.

Student visa (subclass 500) allows work.

Abundance of natural sites and activities.

Recognition of programs and top-ranked universities like Australian National University, University of Melbourne, and University of Sydney.

High cost of living.

Australian speech style and accent may pose a challenge for some international students.

Rich historical experiences.

Top-ranking universities like Oxford and Cambridge.

Cost-effective travel within Europe.

Law school admission without LSAT.

One of the world's most expensive currencies.

Elevated public transportation fares, especially for railways.

Hosts highly-ranked and prestigious institutions.

Flexible education pathways, including community colleges.

Diverse specialization options.

Many colleges require ACT or SAT scores for admissions.

High tuition for international students.

Strict visa rules and competition in the job market, making sponsorship challenging for international students to stay in the US.

6. Why Choose Australia For Study?

Picking Australia for your studies? Smart move! Here's why: tons of job opportunities and a good chance to stay after.

Also, studying won't cost you an arm and a leg - it's way cheaper than the UK and US. Imagine living like a local, exploring beautiful beaches, checking out awesome places, and soaking up that Aussie lifestyle.

Jump into your studies Down Under and grab those unique experiences!

7. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Why is Australia Better Than The UK for Study?

Australia tops the list for international studies, and here's why:

Course Fee:

UK: £12,705 - £38,000 per year

Australia: Around £10,885 per year; more affordable than the UK.

Admission Requirements

UK: 13 years pre-university education; work experience often required.

Australia: 12 years pre-university; easier entry into preferred programs; no mandatory work experience for management courses.

Learning Style

UK: Independent learning, limited assignments.

Australia: Interactive lectures, group work, and exams with strong support.

Work While Study

UK: 20 hours/week during term; stay for 2 years post-graduation.

Australia: Up to 40 hours/fortnight; stay 2 to 4 years post-graduation.

Minimum Wage

UK: £6.56 - £8.91 per hour

Australia: Higher; presently AU$23.23 per hour.

Post Study Work Permit

UK: No Post Work Visa with Student Visa; Tier 2 visa required.

Australia: Two-year post-study work visa for Bachelor's/Master's graduates.

Wide Range of Course Options

UK : Early commitment to a major.

Australia: Flexibility to explore options initially.

Living Expenses

Australia: AU$2,000 monthly for a student-like lifestyle.

UK: AUD 2,856 weekly for basics.

Average Graduate Salary

UK: £26,345 (AUD 50,204) annually.

Australia: £33,200 (AUD 63,277) annually; 25% higher than the UK.

Permanent Residency

UK: Tough immigration; Tier 2 visa for work.

Australia: Complicated but possible PR process; offers a pathway to citizenship.

Australia provides global exposure, world-class education, a safe environment, and more, making it an excellent study-abroad destination for career growth and life success.

Is It Better To Study in USA or Australia?

Choosing between the USA and Australia for your studies? Let's break it down:

Tuition Fee

Australia: More affordable living standards; lower tuition fees.

USA: Higher living costs; comparatively higher tuition fees.

Monthly Cost of Living

Australia: AU$7,695 for a family of four, AU$4,265 for a single person.

USA: $5,679 (AUD 8,439) for a family of four and $3,352 (AUD 4,981) for a single person.

Australia: Lower crime rate, ranked 68th globally.

USA:  Higher crime rate, ranked 57th globally

Public Infrastructure

Australia: Better public infrastructure.

USA: Varied public infrastructure.

• Australia: 20 hours/week during term, 40 hours/week during vacation.
• USA: 20 hours/week during the semester, full-time on holidays, with restrictions on the type of work.

Australia: AU$23.23 per hour, with an additional 25% for casual employees.

USA: USD 7.25 per hour nationally (AUD 10.69 per hour), with no increase since 2007.

Both the USA and Australia are top choices for studying abroad. However, in terms of a safer environment and affordable cost of education, Australia emerges as a more suitable option.

Why Studying in the USA is Better Than Studying in Australia?

If you're torn between the USA and Australia for your studies abroad, consider these factors:

Global Rankings

USA: Dominates in global rankings, with MIT leading.

Australia: Ranks 11th globally for sustainability; top universities include Melbourne, UNSW, and Sydney.

Number of Academic Institutions

USA: Boasts around 1,300 universities, offering diverse choices.

Australia: Houses 43 universities, providing a more limited selection.

Smaller Classes

USA: Prestigious institutions maintain a low student-to-staff ratio (e.g., Stanford and Harvard with 6:1).

Australia: Growing class sizes with an average student-to-staff ratio of approximately 19:1.

Grading Systems

USA: Utilises a 4.0 scale with varied assessments; grades range from F to A+.

Australia: Grades on a 7-point scale, with a 50% passing grade and 7 indicating High Distinction.

Campus Life

USA: Vibrant campus life with numerous clubs and activities; students often live on or off campus.

Australia: Outdoor-focused activities; fewer campus clubs; students often live off-campus.

Education System

USA: Varied class structures, including lectures, labs, and small-group sessions; emphasis on exploration.

Australia: Typically, one tutorial and lecture per class focuses on the student's chosen major.

While the USA offers a broader range of universities, smaller classes, vibrant campus life, and a diverse education system, Australia stands out for its sustainability rankings and specific strengths in top institutions. The choice ultimately depends on your preferences and academic goals.

Is The UK or Australia Easier To Get PR?

When it comes to Permanent Residency (PR), Australia has a more accessible path for overseas students. Here's why:

Skilled Migration Program

Australia: More flexible and open; favours people with in-demand skills, often not requiring a job offer for certain programs.

UK: Favours EU citizens with residency before December 31, 2020, employment offers, and employer-based sponsorship.

Points System

Australia: Point-based system with a minimum of 65 points; no compulsory points required.

UK: Point-based system with a passing score of 70; compulsory points required, including a job offer and English proficiency.

Application Process

Australia: Submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) via SkillSelect ; highest-ranked EOIs receive an invitation to apply for PR.

UK: Apply for skilled worker visas directly on the immigration department website without needing an invitation.

Processing Time

• Australia: Processing duration between 6 months and 25 months.
• UK: Outcome within three weeks (if outside the UK) or eight weeks (if inside the UK) after online application and document submission.

Australia: Higher fees, including AU$4045 for the applicant, AU$2025 for dependents, and AU$1010 per child. Additional costs may apply.

UK: Costs include visa application charges (from £610 to £1,408), healthcare surcharges (£624 per year), and a minimum of £1,270 for self-support.

While both countries have their processes and requirements, Australia's skilled migration program , flexible points system, and less stringent application processes .

Why Study in Australia, not in UK and USA?

Living Standards

• Australia: High living standards; lower tuition fees and living expenses than the USA.

Australia: Lower crime rate; police officials don't carry guns.

USA: Higher crime rate; known for firearm issues.

Work Opportunities

Australia: 20 hours weekly during term, 40 hours weekly during holidays for international students.

Usa: limited to 20 hours weekly during term, on-campus only, and strict rules for off-campus work..

• Australia: Higher minimum wage (AU$23.23 per hour) compared to the USA ($7.25 or AUD 10.77 per hour).

Quality of Life

• Australia: Four cities ranked in the top 10 most liveable worldwide; higher overall quality of life.

Benefits of Studying in Australia Over The UK:

Choice of Majors

Australia: Flexibility to choose majors in the first year and narrow down later.

UK: Students choose a major in the first year and stick to it throughout.

• Australia: Higher minimum wage (AU$23.23 per hour) compared to the UK (£6.56 to £8.91 per hour).

Economy and Job Opportunities

Australia: Better economy, lower unemployment, easier job transition for overseas students.

UK: Recent policy changes create challenges for staying back and lower job opportunities.

Graduate Salary

• Australia: The average graduate salary is 28% higher than in the UK.

Immigration and Permanent Residency

Australia: Complicated but possible PR process with background verification.

UK: Challenging immigration policies; potential restrictions on staying back.

Australia: Diverse learning approach with lectures, tutorials, assessments, and exams.

UK: Highly independent learning with fewer assignments; grades based on single essays or exams.

Considering these factors, Australia emerges as a preferred study destination, offering a balanced mix of academic flexibility, economic advantages, and a higher quality of life than the USA and the UK.

Why Study in the UK Instead of the US or Australia?

Benefits of Studying in Australia Over The UK

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• Study in UK /

UK vs Australia: Top Universities, Popular Courses, Eligibility Criteria etc.

• Updated on  
• Dec 7, 2023

For many students who wish to study abroad, the UK and Australia are two of the top popular choices. Both countries have prestigious education systems and high quality of life. Both countries are welcoming to international students, have policies that help make the student experience seamless and both offer visa options that allow students to settle after they have completed their studies. Australia is currently the fifth most popular destination for international students whilst the UK is the second after the USA . Want to get a detailed understanding of studying in the UK vs Australia? Well, that’s exactly what you will find in this article. So, keep reading to find out whether the UK or Australia is a better fit for your higher studies.

This Blog Includes:

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Students around the world have long been drawn to study in the UK . And, it’s for a good reason. The UK is known for its world-class education, diversity, and bustling student cities – making it a great place to study abroad. So, what are the benefits of studying in UK? 

• UK is home to top universities – UK universities are among the most respected in the world. In fact, according to QS World University Rankings 2021, eight UK universities are ranked among the top 50 universities globally. Universities in the UK are well-known for their R&D capabilities, medicine , and arts and humanities courses – and there are more than 100 universities to choose from.
• An incredibly diverse community – Fourteen per cent of the population in the UK was born abroad, about 9.5 million people. This means international students who move overseas to the UK could have the opportunity to learn about numerous different cultures and make friends with people from around the world.
• There is 24/7 support for international students – Each university has an office set up to address international students’ needs, and answer questions about tuition, housing, and academic support. The UK Council for International Student Affairs, which is an advisory body for international students, has an informative website for international students, with information regarding resources on mental health support, housing, working, and immigration. 
• Studying in the UK will improve your English skills – What better place to practice your English than England, where the language originated from? Since the UK is so diverse, you’ll also be exposed to different English accents from around the globe, giving you a real-world listening experience you might not get at home.
• Lucrative job opportunities after graduation – There are also lots of career opportunities, especially if you work in a job on the UK’s Shortage Occupation List. In the UK, there is a shortage of nurses , pharmacists , teachers , engineers – and more – and the government actively recruits professionals for these positions from abroad.  
• It’s a fun place to be for youngsters – From London to Glasgow , to Manchester, to Nottingham, the UK is home to a whole range of great student cities for international students to explore. Explore UK’s pub culture through university student nights or visit your new city’s world-class art galleries and museums. Most of all, you’ll get to meet friends from around the world – and with them, enjoy all the UK has to offer. 

There’s almost nothing that Australia does not have…some of the best universities in the world with affordable education, an enviable lifestyle and beautiful scenic locales with golden beaches and stunning rainforests. These are some of the biggest benefits of studying abroad in Australia.

• Fabulous weather – Most parts of Australia enjoy great weather which is an added bonus for students. Beaches are sun-drenched and attract tourists by the thousands. Top universities that are located in Sydney, Brisbane , and Melbourne have temperatures that are usually above 50 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Diverse activities for students – For students who enjoy exploring the outdoors, there is an endless number of memorable activities waiting for you. You can experience gorgeous scuba diving and snorkelling, and swim with the fishes under the Great Barrier Reef! Australia is also home to world-class museums and art centres, and the Sydney Opera house hosts over 40 shows per week.
• Diversity of students – You need never worry about finding people from your own country here! Australia is third behind only the United States and the United Kingdom in terms of numbers of international students and has seen at least 200,000 foreign students attend its universities for the past several years.
• Global Academic Recognition – Despite being such a small nation, Australia is well known as being home to some of the best research institutions on Earth. As the educational degrees obtained here are recognised all over the world, this makes a study abroad program in Australia a valuable addition to every student’s professional resume.
• Work while you study – International students can work part-time while on a student visa, which will further help them to knock down the price of studying abroad in Australia. Students are allowed to work up to 40 hours every two weeks in jobs that require only basic skills. This is something that can really help drive down the cost of education and living expenses.
• Work hard and play hard! – Australians are well known for their laid back lifestyles, and the student culture of the country is no different. Australian students do work hard and definitely take their schooling very seriously, but they have an excellent life balance with plenty of leisure activities too.

Both Australia and the UK houses some of the most notable academic institutions in the world. Universities in both these countries are known not only for their exceptional education, but also for their cutting edge facilities, research opportunities, scholarships and job prospects. That being said, it can be a tough decision to choose between the two nations based solely on their universities. This is why we have curated and shortlisted the best universities of both countries to help you make an informed decision.

Refer to the following table to go through the list of the top UK universities in 2023-2024.

Read on for a closer look at Australia’s top 10 universities, as well as a brief overview of how they have performed globally.

Going by the ranks of the universities, the UK seems to have more number of higher-ranked institutions than Australia. So, +2 points will be given to the UK in this round of UK vs Australia.

Both UK and Australia are home to a world-class education system offering advanced courses. You can find a renowned faculty or alumni community in every top college in UK and Australia. The courses taught by the experts is another reason these countries are highly sought by many students. While courses offered in both the UK and Australia aim to equip students with a comprehensive understanding of their chosen fields, deciding between the two can be challenging. To help you make an informed decision based on your specific interests, we’ve compiled lists of popular courses in each country. Go through these lists to determine which country better aligns with your desired subject of study.

Here we have mentioned the best courses in the UK that are selected by the majority of international students: 

• Business Studies
• Accounting and Finance
• Art & Design
• Computer Science
• Mechanical Engineering
• Biological Sciences
• Electrical Engineering
• Politics 

Some of the most popular courses in Australia are listed below:

• Accountancy
• Actuarial Science
• Agricultutral Science
• Architecture
• Biomedical Engineering
• Core Engineering
• Earth Sciences
• Computer Science and Information Technology
• Tourism and Hospitality Management

There are a number of basic requirements that aspirants must meet in order to get an offer from a university in Australia and UK. Let’s compare the eligibility criteria for both Australia and UK.

International students must be aware of the following essential requirements to study in the UK: 

• Completion of undergraduate or postgraduate studies with a minimum of 65% – 70% aggregate marks. 
• Copy of a valid passport
• Scorecard of English proficiency tests like TOEFL / IELTS /C1 Advanced/ Duolingo . (Some universities exempt students from this if they meet the set criteria)
• GMAT / GRE or any other entrance exams for masters programs
• Academic Transcripts
• Letter of Recommendations (LOR)
• Portfolio (for specific courses)
• A CV/Resume (if applicable)
• Statement of Purpose (SOP)

Also Read: Study in UK Without IELTS

The eligibility requirements and admission procedures for international students may differ from one higher education to another. Mentioned below are a few basic ones.

• Admission to diploma level courses requires applicants to have scored 60% marks in the Class XII examination. 
• For bachelor’s degree admission, students must have scored at least 65% and above marks in class XII. 
• Almost all Australian Universities accept the 3-year graduation system for entry into most postgraduate courses. For instance, an Indian bachelor’s degree like B.A., B.Com. or B.Sc. (ordinary) is equivalent to an Australian Bachelor (Ordinary) Degree with a total education of 12 years.

Also Read: What are the Requirements to Study in Australia?

An important aspect that every student should consider before applying to Universities is the significant difference in cost of studying between UK and Australia. The UK tuition fees are generally considered the highest in the world for educational institutions abroad. The average tuition fees for a UG programme in the UK range from £11,400 to £38,000 per year, while a PG programme in the UK costs around £9,000 to £30,000 per year. The average cost of living in the UK is approximately around £4,609 per month.

On the other hand, a bachelor’s degree in Australia can cost somewhere around AUD 20,000- AUD 45,000, Postgraduate programmes cost somewhere between AUD 22,000 to AUD 50,000 per year and Doctoral courses costs around AUD 20,000-AUD 42,000 per year. The average cost of living in Australia is approximately around AUD 6,249 per month. From the above information, it’s evident that the cost of studying in UK and Australia is more or less the same, with UK on the higher end.

Australia seems to be the more affordable option out of the two, therefore, +2 points will be given to Australia in this round of UK vs Australia.

Given below is the data regarding the major intakes in both Australia and the UK. Have a look.

One of the primary reasons to study abroad is the plethora of job opportunities you come across after your graduation. With over 27,700 recruiting agencies, the UK sits at a high record number. Students pursuing their higher education in the UK are often sought out by top employers in the country. With an entry-level job role with these top recruiters, you can make as much as 80,000-300,000 GBP in a year. While in Australia, there continues to be a high demand for foreign workers, and students that have earned a degree in Australia have a special work visa category. There are also several other visa categories open to international students, and Australia has a very straightforward path to permanent residency using a points system.

Discussed below are some of the top recruiters that offer high-paying jobs to international students in the UK :

The top companies in Australia hiring international students are listed below:

In terms of job opportunities and reimbursements, the UK is the better option of the two. That being said, we will give +2 points to the UK in this round of UK vs Australia.

In conclusion, both these countries are equally good with their own pros and cons. There is no objective answer to which is the better country, as it totally depends on your requirements and preferences. With this comprehensive comparison in hand, we encourage you to confidently take the next step towards your study abroad aspirations.

The cost of studying in Australia is comparatively more cost effective than the UK.

The UK is undoubtedly more expensive to reside in comparison to Australia.

The UK has better ranked universities and colleges than Australia, implying a better quality of education in the place.

Visit the Leverage Live page of Leverage edu or contact our study abroad experts at 1800-57-2000 to strengthen your scores and application to secure your spot in your dream college. 

Team Leverage Edu

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The US, UK, Canada, Australia or Germany: Where should I go for higher studies?

In the age of information and ease of mobility across borders, more and more Bangladeshi students are choosing to pursue their higher studies abroad. According to Unesco data, roughly 70,000 – 90,000 Bangladeshi students each year travel abroad for education purposes.

However, travelling abroad for students who come from middle-class and upper-middle-class families can be a daunting task, given the minimal support structure and the high cost of living in host countries. 

Higher studies are often considered an investment, only pursued when the expected return exceeds the short-term costs. Hence, it is important to make an informed decision before pursuing higher studies at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. 

Keep updated, follow The Business Standard's Google news channel

One of the many important decisions concerns the choice of the destination country.  The United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), Australia, Canada, Germany etc, are some of the more prominent countries to host international students. However, each country differs from the other in aspects, such as the number of highly-ranked universities, the availability of scholarships, employment opportunities, PR (Permanent Residency), citizenship prospects, etc. You need to choose the country that best suits your needs.

Does the destination even matter?

Many argue that it does not matter where one travels; what matters more is the quality of education provided by the school. 

When asked about his decision to pursue his Master's in Australia, Sourodip Paul, an alumnus of Australian National University said, "when I was applying to different universities, I did not look at the country. Instead, I looked at the schools and whether they would serve my academic prospects well."

If your intentions are simply to return home after completing your studies (undergraduate or master's) and you are confident about your chances of getting into a good university with a lucrative scholarship, like Sourodip, the destination should not matter to you either.

That being said, not every country can boast a similar level of investment in higher education, and as a result, the number and quality of universities tend to vary. Moreover, if you are thinking of settling down or seeking employment opportunities after completing your studies, it might be worth considering the pros and cons of studying in each.

Ease of finding a school

While there is a common misconception that every university abroad is better than those in Bangladesh, that may not necessarily be true, and it is always best to aim for the best schools internationally. 

Nahian Bin Khaled, a PhD student at Michigan State University, believes that it is more convenient to get into a top-ranked school in the US when compared to other countries. 

"Usually, across all university rankings, the US has the highest share among the top 150-200 schools. So, mathematically speaking, the probability of finding a highly ranked university across different tiers and getting admitted is higher," said Nahian. 

Among the top 200 universities, according to the QS University Ranking 2023, a whopping 45 universities are situated in the United States, followed by the United Kingdom (26), Australia (21), Germany (15) and Canada (08). 

The US is also a global economic hub, which means there is a disproportionately higher amount of investment in education, and thereby more scholarships (even at less reputed universities) than other destinations like the UK, Australia or Canada. 

"While I was looking to apply for my Master's degree, I could not find enough institutional scholarship opportunities in the UK or Australia. While there were other international or government-sponsored scholarships like Chevening, Commonwealth scholarship etc; they are highly competitive and difficult to get in," said Khandker Wahedur Rahman, who got his Master's and PhD degrees in the US.

"There were simply more universities in the US that provided institutional scholarships and so, I did not have to look elsewhere to get admitted," he added.

It's all about academic excellence

To many students, pursuing higher studies is all about getting the best out of their student life. Academic cultures, intensity, diversity of courses, accessibility to world-renowned professors, and networking opportunities with representatives from the most prominent companies are key factors in determining academic excellence. 

Many believe that universities in the US and Australia provide the most rigorous academic degrees. 

Dr Zubair Imam Syed is a former professor at Teesside University in the UK. Currently, he is working as a consultant for Arcadis Australia Pacific Ltd. He had the experience of teaching in both countries and believes that Australia has a more rigorous academic environment than the UK. 

"There are some top-ranked universities in the UK which maintain similar standards. But in general, Australia has a more rigorous, academic environment," said Zubair. 

Asif Zaman studied in the UK and Australia; he currently lives in Australia. In his experience, Australian universities were more diverse and welcoming when compared to their counterparts in the UK.

"Australian university professors are a bit more informal when compared to the UK ones. Professors work in shorts and sandals in the summer, something you cannot see in the UK. You can converse with the professors more easily and get help on your studies, assignments, etc," said Asif.

"Australian universities are also very multicultural. You can see a lot of black and Asian students there. The UK is not as diverse, mostly dominated by caucasian and Indian students," he added.

However, when it comes to academic excellence, there is a common notion that the USA is the best by far. 

As Nahian explained, "Most of the Fortune-500 companies, as well as prominent international organisations, are headquartered in the US, making it a prime destination for students in STEM and social sciences."

Dr Amanatullah Khan, a former Professor at the University of Dhaka, had the experience of studying in both Canada and the US. In his experience, he believes that the coursework in the US was considerably more rigorous, flexible and diverse than those in Canada.

"In my experience, you need to study meticulously to get a degree from a US university. Your entire semester will be bridled with coursework, assignments, etc, to make sure that you get the best out of your degree," said Dr Khan. 

"When deciding to take courses, you also have a lot of diverse options to choose from in US universities. Most universities around the world do not offer such a diverse plethora of courses. The US is more flexible in this regard," he added.

Moreover, the US, Australia and Canada allow students to take courses from different disciplines before deciding on a major. The UK is more rigid and traditional as students have to pick a major first. 

Tuition fees and living expenses

Although in high demand and there are ample institutional scholarship opportunities (ones provided by the university), you still might fail to get a fully-funded one. And even if you can avail of fully-funded scholarships, you will still need to manage the other expenses associated with living in a foreign country.

If you don't get a fully-funded scholarship, getting a university degree in the US can be incredibly expensive. The average annual tuition is $28,000, and can potentially reach $50,000.

In comparison, the average tuition fees in Australia, UK and Canada are less expensive, at around $22,000, $20,000 and $12,000, respectively.

Then comes the cost of living, which includes rent and other living expenditures for the duration of the course. Within each country, it differs from one city to the next. 

However, on average, living costs in Australia and the UK are usually higher than in the US and Canada. The estimated annual cost of living in the US ranges between $11,000 – $12,500 and in Canada, it varies from $6,500 – $8,500 a year. Compared to that, living in Australia can cost around $14,500 on average, and in the UK living expenses can rise to $12,000 – $16000 a year.  

That being said, you should also remember that getting an undergraduate degree typically takes more time (four years) in the US and Canada, while it typically lasts three years in the UK.  

Finally, if you are looking to study at top-ranked universities without going through the hassle of finding scholarships, Germany can also be a great option. Most public universities in Germany do not charge undergraduate tuition fees. To cover administrative costs, only a nominal university fee of approximately $170 – $280 is charged. It should be mentioned that aspiring students need to show a blocked account with sufficient funds (€11,208) to be eligible for a German student Visa. 

Possibilities of obtaining Permanent Residency

The undisputed champion of the PR and citizenship round is Canada. Given its small population, the country frequently needs qualified people. As a result, it gives international students a lot more chances to stay in the nation when they graduate. If their application is approved, students can stay and work in the nation for three years under the PGWP (Post-Graduate Work Permit) visa scheme. Students can then seek permanent residency once this visa has been granted.

Although it depends on the global political situation, the US can be a prime destination for graduates who intend to be immigrants. STEM graduates can avail of Optional Practical Training (OPT), under which they can work in the US for three years after graduation. In the meantime, the companies are allowed to sponsor their immigrant visa. Non-STEM graduates can get the OPT for one year only. However, amid an ongoing global recession, it may not be easy to get this H1B sponsorship.

Another way many people follow is the National Interest of Waiver (NIW). If you can show that your research work will benefit the US (usually through a lawyer), the government may approve your immigrant visa.

In the short run, however, immigration to both the USA and Canada from Bangladesh has been difficult supposedly due to the influx of Ukrainian refugees. Consequently, many Bangladeshi students who have gotten admission to universities are still waiting for their Visa interviews. 

Over the past seven years, it has gotten harder for international students to stay in the UK after graduation and look for work. Theresa May, who was the home secretary at the time, amended the rules in 2012 to limit students' stays in the UK to two months (later extended to two years) following their graduation. However, as Dr Zubair said, after Covid-19 and the subsequent economic crunch, the UK might need more skilled workers and should open up immigration more. 

Australia is much more accepting of foreign students who decide to stay on after finishing their education. International students can stay in Australia for 18 months after graduating thanks to the Skilled-Graduate Temporary visa. Those who have finished two years of education in Australia can apply for the Skilled-Independent (Resident) Visa, which grants permanent residency.

"Although immigration in Australia had been difficult in the past, recent governments are more pro-immigration than its predecessors and are likely to make immigration more convenient," said Dr Zubair. Asif had a similar response to the question. 

It should be mentioned that all countries allow students to partake in part-time jobs to cover their living expenses. Hence, getting such a job should not be too difficult for a qualified international student. 

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