journalism phd in germany

61 Best universities for Journalism and Digital Media in Germany

Updated: February 29, 2024

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Below is a list of best universities in Germany ranked based on their research performance in Journalism and Digital Media. A graph of 245K citations received by 10.4K academic papers made by 61 universities in Germany was used to calculate publications' ratings, which then were adjusted for release dates and added to final scores.

We don't distinguish between undergraduate and graduate programs nor do we adjust for current majors offered. You can find information about granted degrees on a university page but always double-check with the university website.

1. University of Munich

For Journalism and Digital Media

2. Technical University of Munich

3. University of Munster

4. Free University of Berlin

5. RWTH Aachen University

6. University of Hamburg

7. Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

8. University of Duisburg - Essen

9. University of Regensburg

10. University of Stuttgart

11. University of Erlangen Nuremberg

12. University of Cologne

13. Dresden University of Technology

14. Heinrich Heine University of Dusseldorf

15. University of Gottingen

16. University of Bremen

17. Humboldt University of Berlin

18. Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main

19. University of Leipzig

20. Heidelberg University - Germany

21. Kiel University

22. University of Konstanz

23. University of Mannheim

24. University of Tubingen

25. Leibniz University of Hanover

26. Ruhr University Bochum

27. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

28. Darmstadt University of Technology

29. University of Bamberg

30. Technical University of Berlin

31. TU Dortmund University

32. University of Siegen

33. University of Koblenz-Landau

34. University of Kassel

35. University of Wurzburg

36. University of Augsburg

37. University of Marburg

38. University of Hohenheim

39. University of Ulm

40. University of Bayreuth

41. University of Bonn

42. Ilmenau University of Technology

43. University of Freiburg

44. University of Potsdam

45. University of Passau

46. University of Bielefeld

47. Friedrich Schiller University of Jena

48. Saarland University

49. University of Paderborn

50. University of Erfurt

51. University of Hagen

52. Munich University of the Federal Armed Forces

53. University of Hildesheim

54. Technical University of Kaiserslautern

55. Catholic University of Eichstatt-Ingolstadt

56. University of Giessen

57. Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg

58. Charite - Medical University of Berlin

59. University of Trier

60. Osnabruck University

61. Leuphana University of Luneburg

The best cities to study Journalism and Digital Media in Germany based on the number of universities and their ranks are Munich , Munster , Berlin , and Aachen .

Liberal Arts & Social Sciences subfields in Germany

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Welcome to the Institute for Media and Communication Studies

At a glance.

Communication science at Freie Universität Berlin is dedicated to the various aspects of human and public communication. Eleven divisions of the institute with different foci in research and teaching provide theoretical background and empirical knowledge in journalism, organizational communication, media content and effects, communication policy, media economics, media use research, history of communication, and social science research methods. In lectures and seminars, students learn about institutions, structures, and processes of communication as well as the media’s political and social function in present and past.

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The Institute welcomes Marko Bachl as new Assistant Professor

• The Institute for Media and Communication Studies is pleased to welcome Dr. Marko Bachl as a new assistant professor for Digital Research Methods from mid-May 2023.

Graduation Ceremony in July 2022

• For the first time in over two years, the Bachelor's, Master's and doctoral graduates were bid farewell at the graduation ceremony in the Auditorium of the Henry Ford Building on 8 July 2022.

History of the Institute for Media and Communication Studies - Exhibition in German

• Through the lens of social dynamics and political developments the Division of Communication History and Media Cultures created an exhibition on the history of our institute from its foundation up to the late 1980s.

Ulrike Klinger Appointed as a Professor at European University Viadrina

• As of October 1 2020, Ulrike Klinger will join the European New School of Digital Studies as a professor.

Research project "Journalism and the Order of Emotions" launched

• The research projects of the Collaborative Research Centre 1171 "Affective Societies" entered their second term with a science slam in the Dahlem Museums.

The Institute welcomes Irene Neverla as new Honorary Professor

• Irene Neverla was appointed honorary professor in October 2019. She will teach at the Institute for Media and Communication Studies.

The Institute welcomes Radha Hegde from New York University as Visiting Professor

• The Institute for Media and Communication Studies is very pleased to welcome Radha S. Hegde as Dahlem International Network Professor in Gender Studies in the Summer Semester 2019.

DFG funds new Research Project “Translocal Networks: Public Sphere in the Social Web”

• A new research project, led by Prof. Dr. Barbara Pfetsch and Jun.-Prof. Dr. Annie Waldherr, is investigating digital urban public spheres. Starting in January 2018, the four-year project will focus on the Twitterspheres of Berlin and Jerusalem.

"Spotlight": Current and Previous News

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Marko Bachl 2023

Image Credit: Leona Ley

Absolvent:innen des Bachelorstudiengangs Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft

Image Credit: Arne Sattler

Eindrücke aus der Geschichte des Instituts

Image Credit: (von links oben im Uhrzeigersinn): Foto: Günter Schneider / Landesarchiv Berlin, F Rep. 290-02-15 Nr. 0272508; ullstein bild / Kurt Hamann; Foto: Inge Kundel-Saro / FU Berlin, UA, Foto-Slg., Foto/20259; Foto: Hwa Ja Götz / FU Berlin: UA, Foto-UK, 0081

Ulrike Klinger

Image Credit: Jan Kopankiewicz

Die Mitarbeiterinnen des Forschungsprojekts: Ana Makhashvili, Prof. Dr. Margreth Lünenborg, Luise Erbentraut, Débora Medeiros (v.l.n.r.)

Image Credit: Miriam Klingl

Prof. Dr. Irene Neverla was appointed honorary professor at our institute.

Image Credit: Ann-Kristin Grobe

Prof. Dr. Radha Hegde

Image Credit: Private

Prof. Dr. Barbara Pfetsch, Dr. Neta Kligler-Vilenchik, Jun.-Prof. Dr. Annie Waldherr, Daniela Stoltenberg, Daniel Maier (v.l.n.r.)

Image Credit: Lars-Ole Mueller & Sophie Wehden

Institut für Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft

Image Credit: Stefan Wolf Lucks

Weizenbaum Institute

Our institute is represented in the Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society - The German Internet Institute. The Weizenbaum Institute investigates the ethical, legal, economic and political aspects of digital change with the aim to better understand the dynamics, mechanisms and implications of digitalization.

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PhD-Applications

If you are planning a Ph.D. project and want to get in touch with the Institute for Media and Communication Studies, please check the Information for Ph.D. enquiries and send your application (CV, academic record and short research proposal of about 5 pages) to [email protected]. Incomplete applications will not be considered.

• Information for Ph.D.-Enquiries

Journalism Studies

The Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree course prioritises journalistic practice and includes a traineeship in the media. In the Master of Arts (MA) programme students intensively examine current journalistic topics from a practical and scientific perspective.

Science Journalism

To be able to understand, explain and classify science, students – both BA and MA - in this discipline, in addition to journalism studies, take a second subject such as medicine, life sciences, physics, and technical or data journalism.

Economic Policy Journalism

Undergraduates of economic-policy journalism focus on economics and journalistic practice. The MA programme is for graduates of macroeconomics programmes who wish to acquire professional skills in economic-policy journalism.

Music Journalism

Undergraduates of music journalism aim for expertise in music and professionalism in dealing with the media, which can be extended into an MA. The courses are conducted in cooperation with the Institute for Music and Musicology.

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How to Apply for a PhD in Germany: Programs, Funding, & FAQs

Germany is an excellent destination for both young and experienced researchers. 

The European country is third behind the U.S. and China for research & development expenditure . Plus, it is home to some of the most prestigious (and affordable!) research universities in the world.

If you’re considering doing a PhD in Germany, you will need to follow these steps:

The main steps to doing a PhD in Germany:

• Find a PhD Program and a Supervisor
• Decide Between Individual and Structured PhD Programs
• Meet All Requirements & Prepare Your Application
• Apply for Doctoral Studies
• Secure Funding
• Get a Student Visa or Resident Permit
• Arrive in Germany and Begin Your PhD Program

Why Pursue a PhD in Germany?

If you’re not yet sure if you should choose Germany for your PhD studies, here are some compelling reasons why you should consider it:

• Top-tier universities. Four German universities are ranked in the top 100 global universities, and many more are in the top 200.
• Large international student community. Germany welcomes a diverse and thriving international student community. Over 458,210 international students are currently studying in the country.
• Quality research institutions. There are over a thousand publicly funded research institutions (universities, universities of applied sciences, research institutes, businesses, and government bodies) that you can choose from in Germany.
• High investment in research and development. Germany’s public expenditure in the research and development sector reached a record high of 112.6 billion euros in 2021.
• Strong economy. Germany is known for its strong and stable economy. After completing your PhD, there are plenty of employment opportunities in the academic, business, and research sectors.

How to Apply for a PhD in Germany

From finding the perfect program for you to submitting your application and starting your PhD, here are all the steps you need to take:

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1. Find a PhD Program and a Supervisor

After all the years of studying leading up to this step, you most likely have a few areas of interest you want to do your research in.

This is the first important step: define your research focus by considering your interests and academic background. If you need more help, you can consult online resources from research universities. Or, even better, you can discuss your decision to pursue a PhD with academic communities online or offline and seek advice from current PhD students in Germany who can tell you more about their individual experiences.

If you already know what your research direction is, you can begin searching for suitable programs right ahead. 

• The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) has an extensive list of current opportunities, which you can look up at the  DAAD PhD Database . 
• Another option is to research universities in Germany individually to find the newest opportunities and offerings at each institution.

You will also have to find a supervisor. The best way to do this is to go to university websites and find faculty directories with profiles of professors and their research fields/current projects. Contact professors whose work aligns with your interests via email to inquire about supervision opportunities.

> Search PhD programs from 31,000 research institutions listed on the GERiT database .

Types of PhD Programs in Germany

There are two different paths you can take when pursuing a PhD: individual PhD programs and structured PhD programs. Each comes with its own set of advantages and requirements.

2. Verify That You Meet All Requirements & Prepare the Application

Requirements and application documents to apply for a PhD in Germany are specific to the institution and research area you’re applying to. But, as a general guideline, you should prepare the following:

• Academic degree recognized in Germany. You need a master’s degree or a German state examination (Staatsexamen) in a field relevant to the PhD program to qualify.
• Copy of master’s thesis. Submit a copy of your master’s thesis. The work should demonstrate your research skills and the depth of your academic work.
• Research proposal. Craft a clear and detailed research proposal that includes your intended research topic, objectives, methodology, and significance. 
• Statement of purpose. Write a statement of purpose why you want to do a PhD in your chosen field, your academic and career goals, and how this program aligns with them.
• Curriculum Vitae (CV). Prepare a detailed CV highlighting your academic achievements, research experience, relevant coursework, publications, and any other qualifications.
• Proof of language proficiency. Depending on the language of instruction, you may have to provide proof of language proficiency in English and/or German. You can do this with certificates like TestDaF and DSH for German or TOEFL and IELTS for English. Proof of previous studies in the language is also sufficient.
• Academic references. Provide contact information or recommendation letters from professors/ academic advisors who can attest to your academic abilities and potential.
• Predoctoral examination. Some programs ask that you pass a predoctoral examination as part of the application process.

3. Apply for Doctoral Studies

After finding a suitable PhD program and mentor, and making sure your academic qualifications are recognized, you can send in your application.

You can send in your application online or by post, depending on the hosting institution’s preferences. To make sure, check their guidelines and specifications. Admission committees are selective, so you may also have to attend an interview soon in the application process.

4. Secure Funding

You must demonstrate access to a minimum of €934 per month (€11,208 per year) to meet visa requirements and live comfortably while you’re in Germany. You can prove this through an admission agreement or relevant PhD contract, or you can open a blocked account with individual funds.

There are many ways to support yourself financially while pursuing a PhD in Germany:

• PhD scholarships. DAAD offers the highest number of doctoral scholarships. PhD students get an average monthly stipend of €1,139. 
• Paid PhD positions. Many universities and research institutions offer paid PhD positions in Germany. You will work on specific research projects on a contract and receive a salary.
• Research associate positions. You can also work as a research associate in a university, research institution, or company and receive a salary as compensation.
• Part-time jobs. Some PhD students/researchers work part-time jobs that are not related to their studies for extra income.

> Read more about the costs of studying in Germany.

> Discover PhD scholarships in Germany.

5. Get a Student Visa or Resident Permit

If the institution confirms your place in the PhD program, next in line is applying for a student visa or residence permit. The requirements for a German PhD visa or permit can vary depending on your nationality and circumstances: 

Visa Requirements

If you’re a citizen of the European Union (EU), the European Economic Area (EEA), or Switzerland, you don’t need a special permit or visa for a PhD in Germany. You can enter the country for research and work purposes with a valid passport or ID card.

Otherwise, you will need a visa and/or a residence permit to do your PhD in Germany. Nationals of some countries, including the United States, Australia, Israel, Japan, and Korea, don’t need a visa but must apply for a residence permit.

Depending on the circumstances, you need one of the following visas:

• Study visa. If you’re pursuing a full-time doctoral program.
• Research visa. If your focus is on research and you have a formal affiliation with a research institution in Germany.
• EU Blue Card. If your PhD contract pays a gross annual salary of at least €45,300 (or €41,041.80 in certain professions), you can apply for an EU Blue Card . This is a special residence title for international academics and other professionals.

Residence Permit Requirements

If you come to Germany on a visa, you will need to apply for a residence permit within three months of arrival. This also applies to nationals of countries outside the EU, EEA, and Switzerland who are exempt from the visa requirement.

You can apply for one of the following residence permits:

• Study permit. If you’re accepted into a PhD program at a German university, apply for a study-based residence permit. It lasts up to two years, extendable.
• Research permit. If you’re a researcher with the right qualifications for doctoral programs, apply for a research permit. This requires a contract with a research institution for your project.
• EU Blue Card. With a PhD offer that has a minimum salary of €45,300 per year, or €41,041.80 for some bottleneck professions , you may be eligible for the EU Blue Card. Apply for this permit if you meet the criteria.

> For more specific information tailored to your situation, we recommend contacting the German embassy or consulate in your home country. You can also use this visa navigator.

6. Arrive in Germany and Begin Your PhD Program

The most exciting step of all is near—time to unpack your bags and begin your life as a PhD student or researcher in Germany. Once you’re settled in, there are some formalities you need to take care of.

The international office at the university or another representative can guide you best on this. However, here are some of the main things you need to do once you arrive in Germany:

Register Your Residence

Shortly after your arrival, you must register your residence at the local registration office (Einwohnermeldeamt or Bürgeramt). This is mandatory, and you typically have a window of two weeks to complete this process. 

Get Health Insurance

Everyone in Germany is required by law to have health insurance coverage. This includes international PhD students. Depending on the source of your funding, you are eligible for one of the following health insurance coverages: 

• Doctoral candidates with an employment contract are automatically insured with a state-regulated health insurance provider (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung-GKV) in most cases.
• Doctoral candidates without an employment contract (with a fellowship or private funding) can choose between:
• Voluntary health insurance coverage with a state-regulated provider.
• Coverage with a private health insurance company.

There are some exceptions in which you can use your insurance from your home country. These apply to students from a European Union (EU) country or other countries with social security agreements with Germany.

Open a Bank Account 

You should open a German bank account as soon as possible. Most financial transactions in Germany, including receiving your stipend or salary, are done through a German bank account.

Enroll at the University

If your PhD program is part of a university degree, you need to enroll as a student at the university. Follow your university’s instructions to submit the necessary documents to the enrollment office. These usually include your admission letter, passport, proof of health insurance, and semester fee.

After you complete this process, you will receive an Enrollment Certificate (Immatrikulationsbescheinigung). This is a very important document that you most likely need in the future.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

There’s a lot of planning involved if you’re considering doing a PhD, especially if it’s in a foreign country. We’re sure you’ve got more questions, and we’re here to help.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Germany?

A PhD in Germany usually takes between three to six years to complete. Just like in other countries, it can take longer or shorter than expected, depending on several factors. The type of PhD you choose (structured programs can be more rigid), your subject area, and individual progress can all make a difference in the time it takes to get a PhD in Germany.

Are PhD Programs in Germany Tuition-Free?

The majority of PhD programs in Germany are tuition-free, at least for the first six semesters. However, if need to enroll at a university for your PhD, there is a small semester fee you need to cover. The fee can be higher or lower depending on the university, but it usually falls within the range of €100 to €350.

Is German Mandatory to Pursue a PhD in Germany?

You don’t necessarily have to know German to do a PhD in Germany. In fact, most PhD programs in Germany are in English, especially in fields such as science, engineering, and humanities. In these programs, you can both write your thesis and communicate with your advisor and peers in English.

There is of course the chance that the program you’ve chosen is in German or requires knowledge of German (in most cases, in addition to English). In this case, you have to prove your proficiency through a recognized language certificate or proof of previous studies in German.

Even if German isn’t mandatory, we strongly encourage you to learn the basics. They will be super helpful in daily interactions and getting accustomed to life in Germany.

How Much Does a PhD Student Earn in Germany?

Most PhD candidates in Germany receive financial support in the form of a salary or grant. This includes candidates affiliated with universities, research institutes, or company collaborations.

The majority of doctoral positions are structured under either the Collective Agreement for Civil Service TVöD (Tarifvertrag für den öffentlichen Dienst or the Collective Agreement for the Civil Service of Individual Federal States TV-L (Tarifvertrag der Länder). Since universities are funded by their respective federal government, if your PhD is affiliated with one, your salary will be structured under the TV-L.

Doctoral positions fall within the TV-L 13 category, with a salary range spanning from €4,188 (Tier 1) to €6,037 (Tier 6). The difference between the tiers (Stufe) depends on prior experience in the field. If you don’t have any research experience, you will fall under Tier 1 and progress to the other tiers throughout your PhD.

Your salary will ultimately be determined based on a wage agreement that specifies the contract tier (Stufe) and working hours (percentage-based). Many entry-level PhD students start with tier 1 contracts that are not full-time. For example, if your contract places you in Pay Group E-13 Tier 1 of the TV-L and you work at 75% capacity, your monthly gross salary will be €3,141.

> Learn more about pay ranges for PhD students using this convenient calculator .

Can I Work While Pursuing a PhD in Germany?

Part-time work is an option in most cases unless it’s strictly stated otherwise in your contract. Whether or not you are allowed to work on the side as a PhD in Germany depends on the working hours stated in your PhD contract, supervisor, and other specific circumstances. 

However, since the PhD is considered a job in itself, it’s usually frowned upon to have a side hustle. Even if you have a 50% contract, a PhD is demanding and requires long hours of work and research. If you choose to work on the side, make sure to find the right balance between work and your PhD commitments. To be on the safe side, it’s best to talk to your supervisor and go over all the legal and contractual obligations related to your PhD.

What Is the Process for Defending a PhD Thesis in Germany?

Here are the main steps to defending your PhD thesis in Germany:

• Submit your thesis. The first step is submitting submit your thesis and supporting documents in adherence to all the formal requirements. A commission will be formed, and in some cases, you can suggest reviewers.
• Oral defense. The next step is preparing and undergoing an oral defense, which can take between 30 minutes to 2 hours. During this time, you will present your research and discuss it with the committee. The defense can be either public or private.
• Receive the title and publish your work. The outcome of the discussion determines your final grade, to be received after the defense. If everything goes well, you’re granted the Ph.D. title and have about two years to publish your dissertation.

What Are the Career Prospects Like After Doing a PhD in Germany?

Career prospects after a PhD in Germany are quite promising. 

The most common paths for PhD holders in Germany are either in academia as professors or post-doctorate researchers or in industry positions. 

Technology, healthcare, and finance, in particular, are some of the most in-demand industries in Germany. The country’s strong economy and research-oriented environment make it an attractive place to develop your career.

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Master of Arts in Journalism

Training journalists has a long tradition at LMU. In the course of their studies, our journalism students, who have a range of disciplinary backgrounds, get a mix of social science research and practical courses in journalism. After two years, students are ready for a successful career in journalism. The program is carried out by IfKW in collaboration with the Deutsche Journalistenschule (DJS). DJS is one of Germany’s leading institutions in the area of journalism education.

The content of the courses at LMU encompasses theoretical and empirical expertise in the field of communication studies. In addition, the courses taken at DJS are focused on applicable skills for journalists in a variety of media. Students also go through various internships, which help them develop a sense of how the profession works and build a professional network.

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University of Fribourg

Department of Communication and Media Research

PhD Programme

At the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences of the University of Fribourg, the DCM offers the possibility to pursue a doctoral degree of Social Sciences ( Dr. rer. soc. ). The official title for a PhD in communication studies is " Doctor of Philosophy in Communication ". Communication Studies at the University of Fribourg is firmly rooted in the tradition of the social sciences and is devoted to the analysis of public communication in modern societies, looking at both legacy and new media. Central topics are the general framework, systems, processes, contents and effects of communication. Research at the DCM focuses on different actors of communication, media content, media use, exposure and effects, media and news organisations as well as on media systems, including economic, political and cultural influences.

Doctoral theses can be written in the following research fields, among others:

• Journalism studies (e.g., current developments of journalism, quality in journalism)
• Theory and history of communication and journalism
• Political communication (e.g., analysis of political debates, mediatisation of politics)
• Media use, exposure, and effects (e.g., persuasion, parasocial relationships, health communication, media exposure)
• Organisational communication (e.g., reputation and issues management, corporate social responsibility, communication strategies)
• Comparative communication research
• Media systems and media organisations
• Media policy and media regulation (e.g., public service media, policy-making processes and power, governance)
• Analysis of new media and new forms of communication

The core part of the doctoral programme (30 ECTS)  is the DCM Colloquium . It is held at least once each semester and offers doctoral students the possibility to present and discuss the current state of their projects. ECTS credits can also be acquired by participating in academic courses at the University of Fribourg or elsewhere (e.g. summer or winter schools) in areas such as theory, methodology, didactics or academic writing and presentation skills, by giving presentations at scientific conferences, by publishing articles in scientific journals or books (first author or co-author), by writing reviews or helping with the organisation of conferences, or by undertaking other academic tasks at the department. For detailed information about the doctoral programme, see the  Department's Guidelines for the Doctoral Programme  (document in German and French).

Professors who are eligible to supervise theses

Areas of specialization: 

• Media selection, media use, media effects 
• Emotional & cognitive processing of media exposure 
• Mediated social communication 
• Parasocial relationships, health communication, entertainment

Supervision of theses in German and English.

• Political communication 
• Media and public opinion 
• Media and democracy 

Supervision of theses in English, French and German.

• Public debates 
• Challenges to democracy based on commercialisation and digitalisation 
• Relation between media and democracy

Areas of specialization:

• Emerging forms of organisation, audiences and social media
• E-audiences and their influence on business and society
• Legitimacy, reputation, identity, stigma and new media
• Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and communication
• Communication in social impact and business in the circular economy
• Crisis, communication, stakeholder management
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) text agents and their implications for business and society

Supervision of theses in French and English.

• Strategic communication, organisational communication, communication management 
• International public relations research, public diplomacy and country images 
• Corporate social responsibility (CSR), social advocacy, and media quality 
• Reputation management and crisis communication in the digital age
• International comparison of media systems & Swiss media system 
• Media policy, media regulation, and media governance 
• Media organisations and journalism
• Critical communication research
• Theory and history of mass communication 
• History of mass communication research 
• Qualitative methods in communication studies
• Gender and media

Supervision of theses in German, French and English.

• Communication in digital contexts: uses and effects
• Social construction and appropriation of media innovations
• Mobile media and communication
• Privacy, sustainability, accessibility in digital communication

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79 Top Journalism Masters in Germany for 2023

There are 79 study programs available at 55 universities in Germany , according to data provided by Erudera.com.

Why should you study in Germany?

Germany is one of the world's top study destinations for international students and definitely a higher education paradise. In Germany, you will find countless prestigious and top-ranked universities for , hundreds of specialized study programs to choose from, degrees that are valued globally, and affordable studies. Not to mention, Germany is a country with a unique culture, dynamic lifestyle, and many interesting places to explore during your studies here.

SRH Berlin University of Applied Sciences

University of Rostock

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich

University of Saarland

University of Freiburg

Free University of Berlin

University of Mannheim

Technical University of Braunschweig

University of Leipzig

Applied Communication Science

Kiel University of Applied Sciences

Master degree

Applied Linguistics

Technical University of Dortmund

Applied Media Research (consecutive)

Technical University of Dresden

Business Communication and Rhetoric

Saarbruecken

Communication and Management

Osnabruck University of Applied Sciences

Communication and Media Science

Communication management.

Hannover University of Applied Sciences and Arts

Westphalia University of Applied Sciences

Gelsenkirchen

IST University of Applied Sciences

Duesseldorf

Communication management and Analysis

University of Hohenheim

Communication Science

University of Muenster

Communication studies

University of Bamberg

Communication with a focus on Corporate Communications

Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz

Communication with a focus on Media Management

Crossmedia Publishing & Management (Publishing)

Stuttgart Media University

Crossmedia Publishing & Management (Sport Communication)

Cultural Journalism

Berlin University of the Arts

Digital Quality Journalism

Economics and journalism.

Economics Communication

HTW Berlin University of Applied Sciences

German and English Linguistics

Leibniz University Hannover

German-French Journalism Studies

Human Communication - Communication Psychology and Management

Dresden International University

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Communication and media engineering (cme).

University of Applied Sciences Offenburg

International business - intercultural management.

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• Copy URL https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/4-people-have-died-in-floods-in-southern-germany-the-situation-could-get-worse

4 people have died in floods in southern Germany. The situation could get worse

BERLIN (AP) — The death toll in floods across a large part of southern Germany rose to four on Monday as three bodies were recovered from inundated basements. Chancellor Olaf Scholz visited the flooded region and officials warned that water levels could rise further in some areas.

The body of a 43-year-old woman whom rescuers had been looking for since Sunday morning, was found in a basement in the Bavarian town of Schrobenhausen, police told German news agency dpa. A firefighter was found dead in nearby Pfaffenhofen on Sunday after an inflatable boat he and colleagues were using capsized.

Later Monday, police said the bodies of a man and a woman were found in a basement in Schorndorf, near Stuttgart, that had been flooded and then pumped dry.

READ MORE: Flash floods due to heavy rains kill at least 84 people in Afghanistan

Persistent heavy rain led to widespread flooding in the southern states of Bavaria and Baden-Wuerttemberg over the weekend. The floods caused extensive transport disruption, with long-distance rail routes to Munich from the north and west out of action on Monday.

Scholz visited Reichertshofen, north of Munich, inspecting a sandbagged river bank and meeting regional officials including Markus Söder, Bavaria’s governor.

Söder said that the situation “remains critical and tense,” with water receding in some places but new flooding and evacuations elsewhere. He noted that water levels are expected to rise in the city of Regensburg and further down the Danube.

Scholz said that “this is not just one event like there have been for centuries,” and that a succession of floods in recent times shows “we cannot neglect the task of halting man-made climate change.”

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Appalachian cultural hub faces long recovery after devastating floods

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Man dies in bonneville county motorcycle crash, what is d-day how the normandy landings led to germany’s defeat in world war ii.

Catherine Nicholls, CNN

(CNN) — June 6, 2024 marks 80 years since D-Day, the first day of the Normandy landings that laid the foundations for the Allied defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II.

The invasion – codenamed Operation Overlord – saw of tens of thousands of troops from countries including the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada landing on five stretches of the coastline of Normandy, France – codenamed Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno and Sword beaches.

Planning for D-Day began more than a year in advance, and the Allies carried out substantial military deception to confuse the Germans as to when and where the invasion would take place.

When was D-Day?

The operation was originally scheduled to begin on June 5, 1944, when a full moon and low tides were expected to coincide with good weather, but storms forced a 24-hour delay. Allied divisions began landing on the five beaches at 6:30 a.m. on June 6.

What does D-Day stand for?

The term ‘D-Day’ was military code for the beginning of an important operation, with the first ‘D’ being short for ‘Day.’ This means that D-Day actually stands for ‘Day-Day.’

According to the Royal British Legion, the phrase ‘D-Day’ was used fairly often before the Allied invasion in June 1944. After this, however, the two became synonymous, and now D-Day is commonly understood to refer to the beginning of Operation Overlord.

Which Allied countries were involved?

D-Day saw unprecedented cooperation between international armed forces, with more than 2 million troops in the UK in preparation for the invasion, according to the Imperial War Museums (IWM).

Most of these troops were American, British and Canadian, the IWM reports, but troops also came from Australia, Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Greece, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and Poland to participate in Operation Overlord.

What preparations were made?

The Allied troops’ invasion was coordinated across air, land and sea, in what can be described as amphibious landings.

These were preceded by an extensive bombing campaign to damage German defenses, as well as the employment of deception tactics.

Operation Bodyguard was an umbrella term for the deception strategy leading up to the Allies’ invasion of Europe in June 1944. Operation Fortitude was a tactic under this umbrella specifically related to the Normandy invasion, and was intended to make Nazi Germany believe that the initial Normandy attacks were merely a diversion and that the true invasion would take place elsewhere.

According to the IWM, Fortitude North intended to trick the Germans into believing that the Allies would attack Norway, and Fortitude South was designed to convince the Germans that the Allies were going to invade Pas de Calais, a French department northeast of Normandy that is closer to the UK.

What happened on D-Day?

The US troops were assigned to Utah beach at the base of the Cotentin Peninsular and Omaha Beach at the northern end of the Normandy coast. The British subsequently landed on Gold Beach, followed by the Canadians at Juno, and finally the British at Sword, the easternmost point of the invasion.

By midnight, the troops had secured their beachheads and moved further inland from Utah, Gold, Juno and Sword.

However, not all the landings were successful; US forces suffered substantial losses at Omaha Beach, where strong currents forced many landing craft away from their intended positions, delaying and hampering the invasion strategy.

Heavy fire from German positions on the steep cliffs, which had not been effectively destroyed by Allied bombing before the invasion, also caused casualties.

How did the Germans try to defend themselves?

According to the IWM, Germany’s reaction to Operation Overlord was “slow and confused.”

Weather conditions on June 6 were still poor, many senior commanders were not at their posts, and Operation Fortitude convinced Adolf Hitler that the Normandy invasion was a feint before a bigger attack at Pas de Calais.

Germany’s air force was in action elsewhere, countering American bombing operations over Germany. Its navy ships were docked in ports or already destroyed by the Allies. This left only the German army to defend against Operation Overlord, according to the IWM.

On top of this, the success of Operation Fortitude meant that many army units were kept away from the Normandy battlefield until July, as an attack in Pas de Calais was still expected.

German troops manning coastal defenses “did as much as they could have been expected to,” the IWM says, before eventually being “silenced” and Allied units advanced inland.

How many people died on D-Day?

On D-Day alone, around 4,440 Allied troops were confirmed dead, according to the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC), with more than 5,800 troops wounded or missing.

Because Omaha Beach was the bloodiest landing beach, the US Army lost the most men in the amphibious landings. Some 2,500 American troops died in the beach assault and airborne operations on D-Day, according to the CWGC.

The precise number of German casualties on the day is unknown, but they are estimated to be between 4,000 and 9,000.

Who were the Bedford Boys?

Of the tens of thousands of troops that stormed the beaches of Normandy on D-Day, 44 were soldiers, sailors and airmen from Bedford, Virginia, in the US.

Within minutes of reaching Omaha Beach, 16 of these men were killed and four were wounded. Another Bedford soldier was killed elsewhere on Omaha Beach, and three others were presumed killed in action, bringing Bedford’s D-Day fatality figure to 20 men.

According to the National D-Day Memorial Foundation, Bedford suffered the highest known per capita D-Day loss in the US.

What followed D-Day?

Despite securing a stronghold on the French coast on D-Day, the Allied forces faced the risk that German bombardment could push them back into the sea.

They needed to build up troop numbers and equipment in Normandy faster than the Germans, allowing for a continued invasion into mainland Europe.

The Allies used their air power to slow the German advance toward Normandy by blowing up bridges, railways and roads across the region. This allowed the Allies to gain total control of Normandy 77 days later and move on toward Paris, which they liberated in August 1944.

What impact did the operation have on the war?

The US Department of Defense calls D-Day the “successful beginning of the end of Hitler’s tyrannical regime.” The IWM calls it the “most significant victory of the Western Allies in the Second World War.”

By being able to get forces into Normandy, the Allies were able to begin their advance into northwest Europe. Though World War II lasted nearly another year in Europe, the success of Operation Overlord led to the liberation of France and allowed the Allies to fight the Germans in Nazi-occupied Europe.

The US’ National World War II Museum says that a good way to appreciate the significance of D-Day is to imagine what would have happened if the operation had failed. According to the museum, another landing would have not been possible for at least a year.

In this time, Hitler could have strengthened Nazi-occupied Europe’s coastal defenses, developed aircraft and weapons, bombed the UK even more heavily and continued his killing campaign, the museum says.

Fighting by the Allies on the western front and Russian soldiers on the eastern front eventually led to the defeat of the German Nazi forces.

On May 7, 1945, the German Third Reich signed an unconditional surrender at Reims, France. Victory in Europe (V-E) Day is celebrated the following day as that’s when the armistice went into effect.

The-CNN-Wire ™ & © 2024 Cable News Network, Inc., a Warner Bros. Discovery Company. All rights reserved.

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Graduate program awards 6 degrees at may commencement.

Six College of Journalism and Mass Communications graduate students received their master of arts degrees during the University of Nebraska-Lincoln’s graduate commencement on May 17, 2024 at Pinnacle Bank Arena.

CoJMC offers a comprehensive master's program in journalism and mass communications, with specializations in integrated media and communications and professional journalism. The 36 credit-hour program aims to enhance students' professional skills and knowledge, enabling them to advance in their careers.

The following is a list of CoJMC’s May 2024 master of arts graduates, listed alphabetically by last name with their hometown:

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NIT Durgapur Ranking: BTech, MTech, PhD courses

This year the institute clinched nearer to his ranking in 2019 which was 93. under the engineering category for 2023, the institute scored 63.94 in teaching, learning, and resources, 41.32 in research and professional practice, 74.22 in graduation outcomes (go), 55.80 in outreach and inclusivity, and 19.10 in perception, all out of 100.

NIT Durgapur: Over the last five years, the NIRF Rankings for the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Durgapur have not remained stable. The ranking of the institute dwindled with time. It also failed to secure a rank in the QS World University Rankings and the Times Higher Education (THE) in 2024.

Established in 1960, NIT Durgapur secured 43rd rank in the last NIRF ranking, a dip of 10 points from the earlier 34 under the engineering colleges category, however, compared to 2020, the technology institute has shown improvement in its ranking.

NIT- Durgapur: NIRF Ranking

Observing the institute under India rankings, it has performed fairly better after 2020. With a rank of 96 in 2020, the institute improved on various parameters resulting in an increase of its rank to 71 in 2021. Comparing the ranking from 2021, the Durgapur-based institute has only shown a decline in its overall ranking. In 2022, it secured 72, a dip of one point from the previous year but in 2023, the institute ranked 90. A dip of 18 points.

This year, the institute clinched nearer to his ranking in 2019 which was 93. Under the engineering category for 2023, the institute scored 63.94 in teaching, learning, and resources, 41.32 in research and professional practice, 74.22 in graduation outcomes (GO), 55.80 in outreach and inclusivity, and 19.10 in perception, all out of 100.

Among students, the institute is still considered a prestigious one with many students enrolling to study courses like BTech, MTech, MSc, MCA and MBA. It also offers PhD degrees in various disciplines of engineering and science department.

NIT Durgapur was  formerly known as Regional Engineering Colleges (RECs), and back then gained the status of a deemed university. In 2007, it was declared an Institute of National Importance. 

NIT Durgapur is an autonomous institution receiving financial assistance from the Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. 

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PM Narendra Modi to be sworn in for third term on June 8, after NDA's clear majority in Lok Sabha elections. Union Cabinet met and recommended dissolution of current Lok Sabha, paving way for 18th Lok Sabha. Cabinet also discussed formation of next government.

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The Best Fashion Schools For Design, Marketing, and More

By Kendall Becker

Finding a fashion school that’s right for you can feel like a daunting task. After all, the amount of available options are wide, varied, and vast—much like the fashion industry itself. The good news: Lots of options means you can be highly selective in choosing a program that’s tailored to your dream career. Have aspirations of seeing your own collection on the runway ? There’s definitely a fashion design program for you. Love texture, color, and prints? A fabric design or textile-focused curriculum is the way to go. Savvy with numbers and building strategies? Buying, merchandising, and marketing tracks are out there, too.

Regardless of your ultimate goals, it’s important to take a holistic approach to selecting a fashion school that works for you. Look for a program that balances exploration, expertise, creativity, and discipline. This is college after all—it’s meant to be a time of discovery! The most important thing is that your experience aligns with your unique set of ambitions, interests, and values.

To make the search a little easier, we’ve compiled a comprehensive list of the top fashion schools in the country, all of which receive top marks across key categories: specialized programs, diverse curriculums, study-abroad courses, extracurriculars, and internship opportunities. Of course, we also looked at each school’s facilities, location, alumni networks, and faculty. Take a peek below, and try not to stress: your place in the fashionable future your dreams is in reach.

Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT) New York, NY

When it comes to the elements that make up a strong fashion program, FIT scores high marks across the board. With over 48 undergraduate degree programs, students are sure to partake in a track that sets them up for success—no matter which career path they are hoping to pursue. Plus, being in the heart of New York City with easy access to internship and networking opportunities (and a place on the NYFW calendar) doesn’t hurt either. Many of the faculty are industry veterans or still working at high-level roles within the fashion industry—guaranteeing that students receive tangible experiences and an of-the-moment curriculum.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design, Fashion Business Management, Advertising and Marketing Communications, Textile Development and Marketing, Technical Design, etc. Number of Students: 8,100 Students Prominent Alumni: Calvin Klein , Michael Kors , Nina Garcia, Carolina Herrera , Norma Kamali

Parsons School of Design, The New School New York, NY

It would be an understatement to say that Parsons is the quintessential American school for fashion design—after all, it ignited the careers of hallmark designers like Tom Ford , Marc Jacobs , and Anna Sui . The school has also partnered with industry mainstays like Kering, Tory Burch, and Swarovski in addition organizations such as the United Nations and Special Olympics to construct diverse and meaningful plans of study. To that end, their fashion design curriculum takes a holistic approach to design, tapping into the art of concept theory and employing concrete application of cutting-edge technology which culminates in an always well-attended final fashion show in the middle of the country’s fashion capital of NYC.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design (but the school also offers programs in architecture, interior design, communication design, photography, and more.) Number of Students: 10,250 Students Prominent Alumni: Marc Jacobs, Jenna Lyons , Tom Ford, Donna Karan, Anna Sui, Emily Adams Bode

The School of Fashion at Kent State University Kent, OH

Given its location, it might come as a surprise that Kent State University would rank as highly as it does—yet, their programs rival fashion schools in the country’s larger fashion cities thanks to their global approach to education and thoroughness in curating a program that’s outstanding both within and outside of the classroom. For students who are looking for a more classic approach to university, The School of Fashion at Kent State University is a strong choice. The main campus facilities offer state-of-the-art technology and access to minors and clubs within other colleges, too, offering opportunities to sharpen business skills or participate in Kent State’s award-winning fashion magazine. In addition, The Fashion School has a satellite campus in New York City and international programs in Florence , Paris, Hong Kong, and London. “We support them to achieve their goals so that the question is not whether they are able to attend any of these locations, rather it is about which one best fits their aspirations and growth as future fashion industry leaders,” says Dr. Mourad Krifa , Director of the School of Fashion. Case in point: The ability to tailor your education experience with support from a high-caliber faculty and alumni network is unparalleled.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design, Fashion Merchandising Number of Students: 32,000 Students Prominent Alumni: Stephen Baum, Jade Frampton, Scott French

Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) Savannah, GA

SCAD is another strong option for students seeking a school outside of a traditional fashion hub. Their programs encompass a variety of tracks, but the design program reigns as a marquee program. In fact, their annual student-run fashion show is one of the largest and most notable in the country. Dirk Standen (previously of Style.com) took the reigns of SCAD’s School of Fashion in 2022 and since then, major industry players like Anna Sui, LaQuan Smith, and Ludovic de Saint Sernin have partaken in collection critiques to help the seniors fine-tune their collections ahead of the show.

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Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design, Fashion Marketing and Management, Accessory Design, Fibers Number of Students: 16,500 Students Prominent Alumni: Janie Bryant, Beckham Lin

Pratt Institute New York, NY

As a whole, Pratt Institute has a prestigious reputation for excellence in the arts, so it only makes sense that they’d have a top-ranking fashion design program, too. The School of Design emphasizes the art of cultural storytelling through the lens of fashion—basically, this program is a solid option for those who have avant garde aspirations or are looking to enter the luxury market. With immediate access to NYC, students have secured internships at Thom Browne, Zero Maria Cornejo, and The Row , to name a few.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design Number of Students: 3,700 Students Prominent Alumni: Jeremy Scott, Paul Rand, Mylo Butler

Marist College Poughkeepsie, NY

Marist College’s fashion programs have been on the rise in recent years and for good reason––the campus sits at a sweet spot offering ease of access to New York City while being far enough out of the mix so that students can stay focused. Opportunities available on-campus include a slew of hands-on extracurriculars ranging from MPorium (a student-run boutique), a fashion magazine, and the annual fashion show Silver Needle Runway.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design, Fashion Merchandising Number of Students: 5,500 Students

Drexel University Philadelphia, PA

Drexel University offers two tracks for their fashion students: studio-based Fashion Design and an all-encompassing Fashion Design & Merchandising major that delves into curriculum from textile production to business insights. Either way, both tracks require a six-month co-op program where students have the opportunity to gain hands-on experience working alongside top industry professionals in New York, Los Angeles, or other fashion capitals. Their study-away programs are another major draw for prospective students––options include Florence, London, and Seoul.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design, Fashion Design & Merchandising Number of Students: 14,000 Students Prominent Alumni: Nancy Volpe-Beringer

Academy of Art University San Francisco, CA

For students who want to forgo a more traditional university experience, Academy of Art University is a compelling option. The school offers an array of tracks including Fashion Marketing, Design, Merchandising, Product Development, and more; the ability to fine-tune niche skills required for each of those career paths is unique amongst many other programs who take a more generalist approach. The design students are frequent contenders at national design competitions like Supima , and the school itself has even shown at New York Fashion Week .

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design, Fashion Merchandising, Fashion Marketing, Product Development, Fashion Styling, Textile Design, Knitwear Design, Costume Design, Fashion Journalism Number of Students: 5,300 Students Prominent Alumni: Anna Zhou

Otis College of Art and Design Los Angeles, CA

Established in 1918, Otis College of Art and Design is one of the oldest arts schools in Los Angeles and one of the few fashion schools located on the west coast. Thus, the array of benefits are unique: “The fashion design program stands out with its industry-centric curriculum, engaging students in exciting and elevated projects from activewear and digital runway to costume and eveningwear,” explains Department Chair Jill Zeleznik . The program prides itself on its emphasis on sustainability in its design curriculum––it’s even offered as a dedicated minor––and with its proximity to Hollywood, the school is a strong choice for students who may be interested in costume design and the red carpet.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design Number of Students: 1,300 Students Prominent Alumni: Rick Owens, Dorothy Jeakins, Cynthia Vincent

Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) Providence, RI

It’s no secret that RISD is one of the country’s best known design schools; this is a strong option for those looking to delve into real deal fashion design instead of more business-focused facets of the industry as potential pathways. In fact, their students are famous for placing highly at coveted design competitions like the Supima Design Competition and getting a ton of eyes on their work . Alumni of the school include industry mainstays such as Nicole Miller and rising industry darlings Zoe Latta and Mike Eckhaus of Eckhaus Latta .

Undergraduate Programs: Apparel Design, Textiles Number of Students: 2,000 Students Prominent Alumni: Nicole Miller, Zoe Latta, Mike Eckhaus, Mel Ottenberg

Iowa State University Ames, IA

This program is best for students who are seeking a program that scratches the surface of multiple facets of the fashion industry––it’s a more generalized degree that is finetuned with specialized tracks and opportunities to further your education with minors from various colleges within this large university. While its Iowa location means it isn’t near a fashion hub, students do have access to high-tech facilities on campus, as well as a set of experienced faculty. There’s also a study abroad programs in both Florence and London.

Undergraduate Programs: Apparel, Merchandising, and Design Number of Students: 25,300 Students

Oregon State University Corvallis, OR

For students who are interested in activewear or sustainability, seeking an education in the Pacific Northwest may be a suitable choice––Oregon State University alumni find themselves working with nearby, big-name companies like Nike, Adidas, and Columbia Sportswear. The program offers tracks in both design and merchandising and the chance to explore fashion through the lens of sports business and sustainability, too.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design, Merchandising Management Number of Students: 32,000 Students

University of Missouri Columbia, MO

Sans a design track, University of Missouri’s Textile and Apparel Management program prepares students for potential careers in merchandising, product development, sourcing, marketing, and more. Plus, the university is known for one of the country’s most prestigious journalism programs, making this a strong option for students who’d like to pursue a path in fashion media by pairing TAM with a Journalism or Strategic Communications minor.

Undergraduate Programs: Textile and Apparel Management Number of Students: 23,700 Students Prominent Alumni: Carolyne Roehm

Columbia College Chicago Chicago, IL

Columbia College Chicago is another arts school that is on the rise—their focus on portfolio building and hands-on experience ensures that students exit the program with tangible results. Students find themselves with the opportunity to collaborate with other arts students (such as those in filmmaking or photography), attend seminars with industry professionals, and partake in study-away programs.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Design, Fashion Studies Number of Students: 6,400 Students Prominent Alumni: Susan Alexandra, Shea Couleé, Delvin McCray

LIM College New York, NY

LIM College prides itself on a “learning by doing” philosophy. That said, their Business of Fashion and Lifestyle program isn’t for those looking to take a traditional approach to fashion studies or a tried-and-true college experience. For fashion merchandising and marketing students who are eager to put focus on interning in New York City , this is a great option.

Undergraduate Programs: Fashion Marketing, Fashion Media, Fashion Merchandising, The Business of Fashion, Visual Studies Number of Students: 1,100 Students Prominent Alumni: Zerina Akers, Daniella Vitale

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Higher Education Compass

Media and political communication full time, master of arts.

Master Degree

4 semesters

Standard period of study (amount)

expired (Germans and inhabitants)

expired (EU), expired (Non-EU) Please enquire

Overview and admission

Admission semester.

Winter Semester only

Area of study

Communication Studies

Admission modus

selection by the HEI

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Admission requirements

Degree with at least 60 credit points in media studies, communication and media science or journalism, of these at least 10 credit points in social scientific research methods. Study and examination achievements in subjects relevant for the master's degree have to correspond in scope and content to the bachelor's degree course in media studies and communication science at the FU Berlin\; English proficiency at level B2 CEFR

Lecture period

• 17.04.2023 - 22.07.2023
• 17.10.2023 - 18.02.2024

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Winter semester (2023/2024), application deadline for germans and inhabitants.

For all study semesters in Master's degree programmes that have a local admission restriction in the 1st study semester.

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Expired (Universitywide deadline)

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Deadlines for international students from countries that are not members of the european union, languages of instruction, main language.

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