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Epidural analgesia during labour and severe maternal morbidity, exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy or early infancy and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, clinical and healthcare use outcomes after cessation of long term opioid treatment due to prescriber workforce exit, effect of the hpv vaccination programme on incidence of cervical cancer by socioeconomic deprivation in england, long acting progestogens vs combined oral contraceptive pill for preventing recurrence of endometriosis related pain, ultra-processed food consumption and all cause and cause specific mortality, comparative effectiveness of second line oral antidiabetic treatments among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression, reverse total shoulder replacement versus anatomical total shoulder replacement for osteoarthritis, effect of combination treatment with glp-1 receptor agonists and sglt-2 inhibitors on incidence of cardiovascular and serious renal events, prenatal opioid exposure and risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in children, temporal trends in lifetime risks of atrial fibrillation and its complications, antipsychotic use in people with dementia, predicting the risks of kidney failure and death in adults with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease, impact of large scale, multicomponent intervention to reduce proton pump inhibitor overuse, esketamine after childbirth for mothers with prenatal depression, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use and risk of thyroid cancer, use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma, delirium and incident dementia in hospital patients, derivation and external validation of a simple risk score for predicting severe acute kidney injury after intravenous cisplatin, quality and safety of artificial intelligence generated health information, large language models and the generation of health disinformation, 25 year trends in cancer incidence and mortality among adults in the uk, cervical pessary versus vaginal progesterone in women with a singleton pregnancy, comparison of prior authorization across insurers, diagnostic accuracy of magnetically guided capsule endoscopy with a detachable string for detecting oesophagogastric varices in adults with cirrhosis, ultra-processed food exposure and adverse health outcomes, added benefit and revenues of oncology drugs approved by the ema, exposure to air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular diseases, short term exposure to low level ambient fine particulate matter and natural cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory morbidity, optimal timing of influenza vaccination in young children, effect of exercise for depression, association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with cardiovascular disease and all cause death in patients with type 2 diabetes, duration of cpr and outcomes for adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest, clinical effectiveness of an online physical and mental health rehabilitation programme for post-covid-19 condition, atypia detected during breast screening and subsequent development of cancer, publishers’ and journals’ instructions to authors on use of generative ai in academic and scientific publishing, effectiveness of glp-1 receptor agonists on glycaemic control, body weight, and lipid profile for type 2 diabetes, neurological development in children born moderately or late preterm, invasive breast cancer and breast cancer death after non-screen detected ductal carcinoma in situ, all cause and cause specific mortality in obsessive-compulsive disorder, acute rehabilitation following traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation, perinatal depression and risk of mortality, undisclosed financial conflicts of interest in dsm-5-tr, effect of risk mitigation guidance opioid and stimulant dispensations on mortality and acute care visits, update to living systematic review on sars-cov-2 positivity in offspring and timing of mother-to-child transmission, perinatal depression and its health impact, christmas 2023: common healthcare related instruments subjected to magnetic attraction study, using autoregressive integrated moving average models for time series analysis of observational data, demand for morning after pill following new year holiday, christmas 2023: christmas recipes from the great british bake off, effect of a doctor working during the festive period on population health: experiment using doctor who episodes, christmas 2023: analysis of barbie medical and science career dolls, christmas 2023: effect of chair placement on physicians’ behavior and patients’ satisfaction, management of chronic pain secondary to temporomandibular disorders, christmas 2023: projecting complete redaction of clinical trial protocols, christmas 2023: a drug target for erectile dysfunction to help improve fertility, sexual activity, and wellbeing, christmas 2023: efficacy of cola ingestion for oesophageal food bolus impaction, conservative management versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy in adults with gallstone disease, social media use and health risk behaviours in young people, untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and cervical cancer, air pollution deaths attributable to fossil fuels, implementation of a high sensitivity cardiac troponin i assay and risk of myocardial infarction or death at five years, covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against post-covid-19 condition, association between patient-surgeon gender concordance and mortality after surgery, intravascular imaging guided versus coronary angiography guided percutaneous coronary intervention, treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men in primary care using a conservative intervention, autism intervention meta-analysis of early childhood studies, effectiveness of the live zoster vaccine during the 10 years following vaccination, effects of a multimodal intervention in primary care to reduce second line antibiotic prescriptions for urinary tract infections in women, pyrotinib versus placebo in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel in patients with her2 positive metastatic breast cancer, association of dcis size and margin status with risk of developing breast cancer post-treatment, racial differences in low value care among older patients in the us, pharmaceutical industry payments and delivery of low value cancer drugs, rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin in adults with coronary artery disease, clinical effectiveness of septoplasty versus medical management for nasal airways obstruction, ultrasound guided lavage with corticosteroid injection versus sham lavage with and without corticosteroid injection for calcific tendinopathy of shoulder, early versus delayed antihypertensive treatment in patients with acute ischaemic stroke, mortality risks associated with floods in 761 communities worldwide, interactive effects of ambient fine particulate matter and ozone on daily mortality in 372 cities, association between changes in carbohydrate intake and long term weight changes, future-case control crossover analysis for adjusting bias in case crossover studies, association between recently raised anticholinergic burden and risk of acute cardiovascular events, suboptimal gestational weight gain and neonatal outcomes in low and middle income countries: individual participant data meta-analysis, efficacy and safety of an inactivated virus-particle vaccine for sars-cov-2, effect of invitation letter in language of origin on screening attendance: randomised controlled trial in breastscreen norway, visits by nurse practitioners and physician assistants in the usa, non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, venous thromboembolism with use of hormonal contraception and nsaids, food additive emulsifiers and risk of cardiovascular disease, balancing risks and benefits of cannabis use, promoting activity, independence, and stability in early dementia and mild cognitive impairment, effect of home 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These NLM-funded researchers bring together artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and visual prostheses – retinal and brain implants referred to as “bionic eyes” – in hopes of one day providing better assistive technology for incurable blindness that affects about 40 million people worldwide.

Despite recent advances in gene and stem cell therapies, which are showing great promise, there are no effective treatments for many people blinded by severe degeneration or damage to the retina, the optic nerve, or cortex. In such cases, an electronic visual prosthesis (“bionic eye”) may be the only option. The goal is thus to address fundamental questions at the intersection of neuroscience, computer science, and human-computer interaction that will enable the development of a Smart Bionic Eye.

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Journal of Medical Internet Research

The leading peer-reviewed journal for digital medicine and health and health care in the internet age. .

Gunther Eysenbach, MD, MPH, FACMI, Founding Editor and Publisher; Adjunct Professor, School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Canada

The Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) is the pioneer open access eHealth journal and is the flagship journal of JMIR Publications. It is a leading health services and digital health journal globally in terms of quality/visibility ( Journal Impact Factor™ 7.4 (Clarivate, 2023) ) and is also the largest journal in the field. The journal is ranked #1 on Google Scholar in the 'Medical Informatics' discipline. The journal focuses on emerging technologies, medical devices, apps, engineering, telehealth and informatics applications for patient education, prevention, population health and clinical care.

JMIR is indexed in all major literature indices including National Library of Medicine(NLM)/MEDLINE , Sherpa/Romeo,   PubMed,   PMC ,  Scopus , Psycinfo, Clarivate (which includes Web of Science (WoS)/ESCI/SCIE) , EBSCO/EBSCO Essentials,  DOAJ , GoOA and others. As a leading high-impact journal in its disciplines, ranking Q1 in both the 'Medical Informatics' and 'Health Care Sciences and Services' categories, it is a selective journal complemented by almost 30 specialty JMIR sister journals , which have a broader scope, and which together receive over 6.000 submissions a year. 

As an open access journal, we are read by clinicians, allied health professionals, informal caregivers, and patients alike, and have (as with all JMIR journals) a focus on readable and applied science reporting the design and evaluation of health innovations and emerging technologies. We publish original research, viewpoints, and reviews (both literature reviews and medical device/technology/app reviews). Peer-review reports are portable across JMIR journals and papers can be transferred, so authors save time by not having to resubmit a paper to a different journal but can simply transfer it between journals. 

We are also a leader in participatory and open science approaches, and offer the option to publish new submissions immediately as preprints , which receive DOIs for immediate citation (eg, in grant proposals), and for open peer-review purposes. We also invite patients to participate (eg, as peer-reviewers) and have patient representatives on editorial boards.

As all JMIR journals, the journal encourages Open Science principles and strongly encourages publication of a protocol before data collection. Authors who have published a protocol in  JMIR Research Protocols  get a discount of 20% on the Article Processing Fee when publishing a subsequent results paper in any JMIR journal.

Be a widely cited leader in the digital health revolution and  submit your paper today !

Recent Articles

With the development of emerging technologies, digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs) help to maintain regular physical activity in daily life.

People living with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) face substantial challenges in planning and coordinating increasingly complex care. Family caregivers provide important assistance for people with MCCs but lack sufficient support. Caregiver apps have the potential to help by enhancing care coordination and planning among the health care team, including patients, caregivers, and clinicians.

Telehealth (telemedicine and telepharmacy) services increase access to patient services and ensure continuity of care. However, few studies have assessed factors that influence patients’ willingness to use telehealth services, and we sought to investigate this.

In recent years, there has been an upwelling of artificial intelligence (AI) studies in the health care literature. During this period, there has been an increasing number of proposed standards to evaluate the quality of health care AI studies.

Despite the surge in popularity of virtual health care services as a means of delivering health care through technology, the integration of research evidence into practice remains a challenge. Rapid reviews, a type of time-efficient evidence synthesis, offer a potential solution to bridge the gap between knowledge and action. This paper aims to highlight the experiences of the Fraser Health Authority’s Virtual Health team in conducting rapid reviews. This paper discusses the experiences of the Virtual Health team in conducting 15 rapid reviews over the course of 1.5 years and the benefit of involving diverse stakeholders including researchers, project and clinical leads, and students for the creation of user-friendly knowledge products to summarize results. The Virtual Health team found rapid reviews to be a valuable tool for evidence-informed decision-making in virtual health care. Involving stakeholders and focusing on implementation considerations are crucial for maximizing the impact of rapid reviews. Health care decision makers are encouraged to consider implementing rapid review processes to improve the translation of research evidence into practice, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and promoting a culture of evidence-informed care.

Large language models (LLMs) have raised both interest and concern in the academic community. They offer the potential for automating literature search and synthesis for systematic reviews but raise concerns regarding their reliability, as the tendency to generate unsupported (hallucinated) content persist.

Electronic health record–based clinical decision support (CDS) tools can facilitate the adoption of evidence into practice. Yet, the impact of CDS beyond single-site implementation is often limited by dissemination and implementation barriers related to site- and user-specific variation in workflows and behaviors. The translation of evidence-based CDS from initial development to implementation in heterogeneous environments requires a framework that assures careful balancing of fidelity to core functional elements with adaptations to ensure compatibility with new contexts.

In 2023, the United States experienced its highest- recorded number of suicides, exceeding 50,000 deaths. In the realm of psychiatric disorders, major depressive disorder stands out as the most common issue, affecting 15% to 17% of the population and carrying a notable suicide risk of approximately 15%. However, not everyone with depression has suicidal thoughts. While “suicidal depression” is not a clinical diagnosis, it may be observed in daily life, emphasizing the need for awareness.

Suicide is the second-leading cause of death among adolescents and is associated with clusters of suicides. Despite numerous studies on this preventable cause of death, the focus has primarily been on single nations and traditional statistical methods.

Patients with advanced cancer undergoing chemotherapy experience significant symptoms and declines in functional status, which are associated with poor outcomes. Remote monitoring of patient-reported outcomes (PROs; symptoms) and step counts (functional status) may proactively identify patients at risk of hospitalization or death.

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being applied to many workflows. Large language models (LLMs) are publicly accessible platforms trained to understand, interact with, and produce human-readable text; their ability to deliver relevant and reliable information is also of particular interest for the health care providers and the patients. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a complex medical field requiring extensive knowledge, background, and training to practice successfully and can be challenging for the nonspecialist audience to comprehend.

The internet community has become a significant source for researchers to conduct qualitative studies analyzing users’ views, attitudes, and experiences about public health. However, few studies have assessed the ethical issues in qualitative research using social media data.

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Best Websites for Medical Research Papers: Top 10

• Post author: Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC
• Post published: July 11, 2022
• Post category: Scholarly Articles

Best Websites for Medical Research Papers: Online resources for medical research and information gathering are often used by doctors. This trend has greatly intensified over the past ten years. Nowadays, locating the right online resources is part of most doctors’ procedures. On the other hand, there is a wealth of information online. For doctors, who are under pressure to gather critical information in the shortest period possible, this can be an even bigger difficulty.

Both reliable and unreliable information can easily be found on the internet. The issue is that some of these sites are so well-designed that they can fool you. It’s why I spent so much time looking for reputable websites where doctors may get accurate information. The top 10 medical research paper websites are shown below.

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Top 10 Best Websites for Medical Research Papers

Visit the PubMed website at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

The National Library of Medicine of the National Institutes of Health is responsible for maintaining the medical website PubMed. On this website, doctors can find abstracts as well as whole peer-reviewed papers on a range of medical topics. Doctors won’t have any trouble learning about cutting-edge methods or alternative treatments because the reading is written just for healthcare professionals. They will be able to increase their expertise in particular medical fields. Additionally, patients who come to your office might be directed there to make an informed decision.

This online resource has a simple search feature as well as a comprehensive search feature. A simple search is conducted by entering important parts of the subject into the search field. The easy search will be translated by PubMed, which will include appropriate medical subject headings (MeSH), field names, synonyms, and Boolean operators. This assists doctors in improving their search formulation.

2. Medscape

Visit the Medscape website at www.medscape.com

Medscape is a highly regarded medical website aimed at healthcare professionals. Both the information industry and the medical community have praised the website since its debut in 1995. Medscape has quickly gained a reputation as a reliable source of peer-reviewed knowledge within the medical community. Numerous value-added services are available for users’ use. To demonstrate its better grade, CBS purchased a third of the company. Additionally, it has a strategic partnership with AOL to broaden its medical reach.

Information aggregation is one of its primary functions. Users can read around 50 peer-reviewed journals and full-text publications after registering for free on the site. They will also get access to trade magazines, medical textbooks, and medical news periodicals. Even though this site has information on almost every element of medicine, it is incredibly user-friendly. Each section of the site is accessible with one or two clicks, regardless of the page you are on. Users can utilize the search box at the bottom of each page to get any sort of information they need.

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Visit the WebMD website at www.webmd.com

An American organization with a focus on sharing health-related information is called WebMD. The website is among the top doctor websites based on unique monthly visits. The site’s services are available to both clients and medical professionals. It is the publisher of WebMD the Magazine, a publication geared at patients that is available in 85% of all waiting rooms in the US. They also own Medscape, a reputable internet resource used by numerous medical professionals in the US and abroad.

They feature a discussion forum where doctors and patients can freely exchange information. This can assist a doctor in providing insight to patients as well as gaining some through various interactions. WebMD is a great resource for clinicians who want a rapid overview of a new medical problem. You can also utilize their drug database to learn about new drugs that have been launched on the market. The majority of their posts usually include links to peer-reviewed evidence that you may utilize to draw your conclusions.

Also see : How To Make Your Brain Smarter and Faster

4. World Health Organization

Visit the WHO website at www.who.int.

The WHO is a United Nations specialized organization that focuses on international public health. It also hosts the WHO website at https://www.who.int. Although 61 countries have ratified the organization’s constitution, it operates in every part of the globe. Since its inception, the site has supplied extensive information about diseases such as HIV, Ebola, Malaria, Tuberculosis, and a variety of other ailments and fields. This may be the most important internet resource in the world if you are a medical doctor concerned with public health.

The site has a useful news part in addition to providing facts and statistics about significant public health situations. This section includes updates on current occurrences in the medical world. For example, you will be able to learn about numerous global trends. This includes topics such as child mortality, which is a significant problem in various parts of the world. This news area might be a valuable resource for people conducting studies on key worldwide public health topics.

5. UpToDate

Visit the UpToDate website at www.uptodate.com

UpToDate is a physician-authored evidence-based resource that aids in decision-making. As a result, it ensures that doctors make the best decision possible at the moment of treatment. The UpToDate resource is maintained by over 6,500 internationally known medical editors, authors, and peer-reviewers. They go through a rigorous editorial process to ensure that they compile the most up-to-date medical data into evidence-based, reliable recommendations that have been proved to improve care quality.

Over 1.3 million physicians in over 187 countries and over 90% of major medical centers in the United States use the resource. As a result, they can provide the greatest medical care possible. There have been over 80 research studies that show that extensive use of the resource leads to better medical care. According to the UpToDate website, it has been demonstrated to help shorten hospital stays, lessen mortality, and reduce unfavorable consequences.

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6. ClinicalKey

Visit the ClinicalKey website at www.clinicalkey.com

Elsevier owns ClinicalKey, a medical database tool. It provides access to an extensive medical library published by Elsevier. Elsevier’s Global Clinical Reference team developed the database. Over 2000 medical doctors from around the world were consulted over two years to construct the database. The main purpose of this resource is to provide solutions to clinical questions. It is directed toward doctors, hospitals, schools, and colleges. The resource is also available as a mobile app for Android and iOS.

ClinicalKey claims that all of its data is scientifically validated. As a result, resources like Goldman’s Cecil Medicine, Conn’s Current Therapy, and others are now available. The site is also easy to use, with a simple design and color palette that helps users easily find the information they need.

7. MedicineNet

Visit the MedicineNet website at www.medicinenet.com

WebMD owns MedicineNet.com, a medical information website. It provides users with newsletters, medical information, and much more. All of the information presented here is of the highest quality; it was prepared by board-certified physicians. The content is excellent for those who want to learn more about various health problems.

The website is simple to navigate. A helpful navigation bar and choices to peruse news or various themes are available. There’s also the option of looking through the most popular queries available. This site has a lot of information, but it’s effectively arranged into bulleted lists, subtopics, and multimedia to keep users interested. There are links in the text that go to even additional information to ensure that everything is as clear as possible.

Visual design can be overpowering from a design standpoint at times. All of the elements appear to be competing for the user’s attention. To avoid losing focus when using the site, it is necessary to have a certain topic in mind. Regardless, this site will provide you with high-quality information. All of the content on this site is produced and evaluated by medical experts, and the articles are well referenced.

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8. American Medical Association

Visit the AMA website at www.ama-assn.org

The American Medical Association’s website provides scientific and health information to the medical community and the general public. The site is a fantastic location to stay up to date on medical policy and law. It frequently represents the medical community in meetings with members of Congress and other government bodies. The agency is responsible for creating criteria for medical schools and internship programs. This is the place to be if you’re a medical professional who wants to learn about quack treatments and medical charlatans.

This is a fantastic resource for medical professionals seeking knowledge on a variety of topics. It explains how doctors can handle their practice’s finances, for example. This will also be a great resource for doctors who want to open a practice in rural America. More than just medical advancements and related legislation are covered on the site. The website covers all aspects of being a doctor. This site will be extremely useful if you are a young doctor who is unfamiliar with any element of medicine.

9. National Institutes of Health

Visit the National Institutes of Health website at www.nih.gov

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is a US government-run organization. It is governed by the Department of Health and Human Services and exists to perform medical research. It is made up of over 27 different institutions and institutes, all of which are committed to medical research. This is a valuable resource for doctors in a variety of professions. It provides free access to valuable peer-reviewed material. The National Institutes of Health website is extremely valuable in any branch of medicine. Its goals include determining the etiology of disease, as well as disease prevention, detection, diagnosis, treatment, and control.

The National Institutes of Health frequently engages in research initiatives and then publishes the results online after a thorough assessment. As a result of ongoing research, medical doctors in the United States can improve their abilities and knowledge. The NIH has been engaged in around 17 medical breakthroughs, demonstrating how dependable its research is. These breakthroughs have contributed to transforming healthcare in the United States and around the world. If you’re a doctor looking for ground-breaking research, the NIH is a great place to start.

Also see: Best Apps for Medical Students and Doctors

10. Epocrates

Visit the Epocrates website at www.epocrates.com

Epocrates is a medical reference app that includes disease, diagnostics, medicines, and patient management information. Doctors and other medical professionals are the target audience for the app. Drug dosing, drug interactions, medical news, disease management, and disease diagnosis are all available to users.

Information is gathered from reliable sources such as the FDA and then digitally structured to aid in decision-making during patient care. The software also can identify medications among its other features. Hundreds of risk assessment tools, therapy advice, and coding look-ups are also available. Epocrates is the app to have if you are a doctor who wants a rapid medical reference to numerous parts of medicine.

This app is also notable for being free. Medical students and professionals have given it high marks. It is also worth noting the user interface. It makes finding any information that one requires simple. The medicine formularies provided by Epocrates for numerous insurance companies are pretty impressive. It assists doctors in prescribing medication that is covered by the patient’s insurance policy, lowering the copay.

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Many factual and non-factual websites on the internet claim to serve the medical community. It can be tough to tell them apart, though. The list above might be a helpful resource for people looking for information to help them conduct research and better serve their patients.

Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka, ACMC, is a lawyer and a certified mediator/conciliator in Nigeria. He is also a developer with knowledge in various programming languages. Samuel is determined to leverage his skills in technology, SEO, and legal practice to revolutionize the legal profession worldwide by creating web and mobile applications that simplify legal research. Sam is also passionate about educating and providing valuable information to people.

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Diet Review: MIND Diet

Finding yourself confused by the seemingly endless promotion of weight-loss strategies and diet plans?  In this series , we take a look at some popular diets—and review the research behind them.

What Is It?

The Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, or MIND diet, targets the health of the aging brain. Dementia is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States, driving many people to search for ways to prevent cognitive decline. In 2015, Dr. Martha Clare Morris and colleagues at Rush University Medical Center and the Harvard Chan School of Public Health published two papers introducing the MIND diet. [1,2] Both the Mediterranean and DASH diets had already been associated with preservation of cognitive function, presumably through their protective effects against cardiovascular disease, which in turn preserved brain health.

The research team followed a group of older adults for up to 10 years from the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP), a study of residents free of dementia at the time of enrollment. They were recruited from more than 40 retirement communities and senior public housing units in the Chicago area. More than 1,000 participants filled out annual dietary questionnaires for nine years and had two cognitive assessments. A MIND diet score was developed to identify foods and nutrients, along with daily serving sizes, related to protection against dementia and cognitive decline. The results of the study produced fifteen dietary components that were classified as either “brain healthy” or as unhealthy. Participants with the highest MIND diet scores had a significantly slower rate of cognitive decline compared with those with the lowest scores. [1] The effects of the MIND diet on cognition showed greater effects than either the Mediterranean or the DASH diet alone.

How It Works

The purpose of the research was to see if the MIND diet, partially based on the Mediterranean and DASH diets, could directly prevent the onset or slow the progression of dementia. All three diets highlight plant-based foods and limit the intake of animal and high saturated fat foods. The MIND diet recommends specific “brain healthy” foods to include, and five unhealthy food items to limit. [1]

The healthy items the MIND diet guidelines* suggest include:

• 3+ servings a day of whole grains
• 1+ servings a day of vegetables (other than green leafy)
• 6+ servings a week of green leafy vegetables
• 5+ servings a week of nuts
• 4+ meals a week of beans
• 2+ servings a week of berries
• 2+ meals a week of poultry
• 1+ meals a week of fish
• Mainly olive oil if added fat is used

The unhealthy items, which are higher in saturated and trans fat , include:

• Less than 5 servings a week of pastries and sweets
• Less than 4 servings a week of red meat (including beef, pork, lamb, and products made from these meats)
• Less than one serving a week of  cheese and fried foods
• Less than 1 tablespoon a day of butter/stick margarine

*Note: modest variations in amounts of these foods have been used in subsequent studies. [9,10]

This sample meal plan is roughly 2000 calories, the recommended intake for an average person. If you have higher calorie needs, you may add an additional snack or two; if you have lower calorie needs, you may remove a snack. If you have more specific nutritional needs or would like assistance in creating additional meal plans, consult with a registered dietitian. 

Breakfast: 1 cup cooked steel-cut oats mixed with 2 tablespoons slivered almonds, ¾ cup fresh or frozen blueberries, sprinkle of cinnamon

Snack: 1 medium orange

• Beans and rice – In medium pot, heat 1 tbsp olive oil. Add and sauté ½ chopped onion, 1 tsp cumin, and 1 tsp garlic powder until onion is softened. Mix in 1 cup canned beans, drained and rinsed. Serve bean mixture over 1 cup cooked brown rice.
• 2 cups salad (e.g., mixed greens, cucumbers, bell peppers) with dressing (mix together 2 tbsp olive oil, 1 tbsp lemon juice or vinegar, ½ teaspoon Dijon mustard, ½ teaspoon garlic powder, ¼ tsp black pepper)

Snack: ¼ cup unsalted mixed nuts

• 3 ounces baked salmon brushed with same salad dressing used at lunch
• 1 cup chopped steamed cauliflower
• 1 whole grain roll dipped in 1 tbsp olive oil

Is alcohol part of the MIND diet?

Wine was included as one of the 15 original dietary components in the MIND diet score, in which a moderate amount was found to be associated with cognitive health. [1] However, in subsequent MIND trials it was omitted for “safety” reasons. The effect of alcohol on an individual is complex, so that blanket recommendations about alcohol are not possible. Based on one’s unique personal and family history, alcohol offers each person a different spectrum of benefits and risks. Whether or not to include alcohol is a personal decision that should be discussed with your healthcare provider. For more information, read Alcohol: Balancing Risks and Benefits .

The Research So Far

The MIND diet contains foods rich in certain vitamins, carotenoids, and flavonoids that are believed to protect the brain by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Although the aim of the MIND diet is on brain health, it may also benefit heart health, diabetes, and certain cancers because it includes components of the  Mediterranean  and  DASH  diets, which have been shown to lower the risk of these diseases.

Cohort studies

Researchers found a 53% lower rate of Alzheimer’s disease for those with the highest MIND diet scores (indicating a higher intake of foods on the MIND diet). Even those participants who had moderate MIND diet scores showed a 35% lower rate compared with those with the lowest MIND scores. [2] The results didn’t change after adjusting for factors associated with dementia including healthy lifestyle behaviors, cardiovascular-related conditions (e.g., high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes), depression, and obesity, supporting the conclusion that the MIND diet was associated with the preservation of cognitive function.

Several other large cohort studies have shown that participants with higher MIND diet scores, compared with those with the lowest scores, had better cognitive functioning, larger total brain volume, higher memory scores, lower risk of dementia, and slower cognitive decline, even when including participants with Alzheimer’s disease and history of stroke. [3-8]

Clinical trials

A 2023 randomized controlled trial followed 604 adults aged 65 and older who at baseline were overweight (BMI greater than 25), ate a suboptimal diet, and did not have cognitive impairment but had a first-degree relative with dementia. [9] The intervention group was taught to follow a MIND diet, and the control group continued to consume their usual diet. Both groups were guided throughout the study by registered dietitians to follow their assigned diet and reduce their intake by 250 calories a day. The authors found that participants in both the MIND and control groups showed improved cognitive performance. Both groups also lost about 11 pounds, but the MIND diet group showed greater improvements in diet quality score. The authors examined changes in the brain using magnetic resonance imaging, but findings did not differ between groups. [10] Nutrition experts commenting on this study noted that both groups lost a similar amount of weight, as intended, but the control group likely improved their diet quality as well (they had been coached to eat their usual foods but were taught goal setting, calorie tracking, and mindful eating techniques), which could have prevented significant changes from being seen between groups. Furthermore, the duration of the study–3 years–may have been too short to show significant improvement in cognitive function.

The results of this study showed that the MIND diet does not slow cognitive aging over a 3-year treatment period. Whether the MIND diet or other diets can slow cognitive aging over longer time periods remains a topic of intense interest.

Other factors

Research has found that greater poverty and less education are strongly associated with lower MIND diet scores and lower cognitive function. [11]

Potential Pitfalls

• The MIND diet is flexible in that it does not include rigid meal plans. However, this also means that people will need to create their own meal plans and recipes based on the foods recommended on the MIND diet. This may be challenging for those who do not cook. Those who eat out frequently may need to spend time reviewing restaurant menus.
• Although the diet plan specifies daily and weekly amounts of foods to include and not include, it does not restrict the diet to eating only these foods. It also does not provide meal plans or emphasize portion sizes or exercise .

Bottom Line  

The MIND diet can be a healthful eating plan that incorporates dietary patterns from the Mediterranean and DASH , both of which have suggested benefits in preventing and improving cardiovascular disease and diabetes , and supporting healthy aging. When used in conjunction with a balanced plate guide , the diet may also promote healthy weight loss if desired. Whether or not following the MIND diet can slow cognitive aging over longer time periods remains an area of interest, and more research needs to be done to extend the MIND studies in other populations.

• Healthy Weight
• The Best Diet: Quality Counts
• Healthy Dietary Styles
• Other Diet Reviews
• Morris MC, Tangney CC, Wang Y, Sacks FM, Barnes LL, Bennett DA, Aggarwal NT. MIND diet slows cognitive decline with aging. Alzheimer’s & dementia . 2015 Sep 1;11(9):1015-22.
• Morris MC, Tangney CC, Wang Y, Sacks FM, Bennett DA, Aggarwal NT. MIND diet associated with reduced incidence of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s & Dementia . 2015 Sep 1;11(9):1007-14.
• Dhana K, James BD, Agarwal P, Aggarwal NT, Cherian LJ, Leurgans SE, Barnes LL, Bennett DA, Schneider JA. MIND diet, common brain pathologies, and cognition in community-dwelling older adults. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease . 2021 Jan 1;83(2):683-92.
• Cherian L, Wang Y, Fakuda K, Leurgans S, Aggarwal N, Morris M. Mediterranean-Dash Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet slows cognitive decline after stroke. The journal of prevention of Alzheimer’s disease . 2019 Oct;6(4):267-73.
• Hosking DE, Eramudugolla R, Cherbuin N, Anstey KJ. MIND not Mediterranean diet related to 12-year incidence of cognitive impairment in an Australian longitudinal cohort study. Alzheimer’s & Dementia . 2019 Apr 1;15(4):581-9.
• Melo van Lent D, O’Donnell A, Beiser AS, Vasan RS, DeCarli CS, Scarmeas N, Wagner M, Jacques PF, Seshadri S, Himali JJ, Pase MP. Mind diet adherence and cognitive performance in the Framingham heart study. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease . 2021 Jan 1;82(2):827-39.
• Berendsen AM, Kang JH, Feskens EJ, de Groot CP, Grodstein F, van de Rest O. Association of long-term adherence to the mind diet with cognitive function and cognitive decline in American women. The journal of nutrition, health & aging . 2018 Feb;22(2):222-9. Disclosure: Grodstein reports grants from International Nut Council, other from California Walnut Council, outside the submitted work.
• Chen H, Dhana K, Huang Y, Huang L, Tao Y, Liu X, van Lent DM, Zheng Y, Ascherio A, Willett W, Yuan C. Association of the Mediterranean Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet With the Risk of Dementia. JAMA psychiatry . 2023 May 3.
• Liu X, Morris MC, Dhana K, Ventrelle J, Johnson K, Bishop L, Hollings CS, Boulin A, Laranjo N, Stubbs BJ, Reilly X. Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) study: rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a randomized control trial of the MIND diet on cognitive decline. Contemporary clinical trials . 2021 Mar 1;102:106270. Disclosure: several corporations generously donated mixed nuts (International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research and Education Foundation), peanut butter (The Peanut Institute), extra virgin olive oil (Innoliva-ADM Capital Europe LLP), and blueberries (U.S. Highbush Blueberry Council). These items will be distributed to those participants who are randomized to the MIND diet arm.
• Barnes LL, Dhana K, Liu X, Carey VJ, Ventrelle J, Johnson K, Hollings CS, Bishop L, Laranjo N, Stubbs BJ, Reilly X. Trial of the MIND Diet for Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Older Persons. New England Journal of Medicine . 2023 Jul 18.
• Boumenna T, Scott TM, Lee JS, Zhang X, Kriebel D, Tucker KL, Palacios N. MIND diet and cognitive function in Puerto Rican older adults. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A . 2022 Mar;77(3):605-13.

Last reviewed August 2023

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