Have you ever wondered how the Bible got its chapters and verses? These divisions are so ingrained in how we read and reference the Bible today, many people don’t realize that they weren’t part of the original texts.
This post will run through a quick history of how Bible chapters and verses came to be. Then we’ll take a look at some fun facts and trivia about them — including why they’re so hard to count (hint: it’s not just because there are thousands of them)!
Chapters and verses are a relatively late addition to the books of the Bible .
Originally, the books of the Bible were written on scrolls without any breaks in the text from one end to the other (including such modern luxuries as spaces between words!). These scrolls were made from papyrus (paper made from plants) or parchment (paper made from animal skins).
These texts flowed as continuous narratives or collections of teachings, making it challenging to locate specific passages. They also could only hold so much information on a single sheet.
1 and 2 Kings, for instance, are actually the same “book,” but had to be split between two scrolls due to their length. The twelve “minor” prophets, on the other hand, were all brief enough to include on a single scroll — despite being active hundreds of years apart.
By the time Christians started compiling the Bible into the format we know today — the “codex,” or more commonly, “book” — the divisions were so familiar that they kept the numbering.
Codices (books) were the format in which the Bible was read for over a thousand years across Christendom. Then, in the early 13 th century, the Archbishop of Canterbury (still at that time a Catholic diocese) Stephen Langton invented a new way to subdivide the books of the Bible into a more digestible format: the chapter.
Langton’s system came at a time when access to religious texts was becoming increasingly important, as people were increasingly expressing interest in hearing Scripture in their own languages, outside of the Latin Mass. Dividing the lengthy books of the Bible into smaller chapters provided a structural framework that made it easier for scholars, clergy, and laypeople alike to reference and study the Bible.
It also paved the way for the coming vernacular Bible revolution: John Wycliffe’s English Bible of 1382 was the first to include Langton’s chapter divisions.
The system of verses was introduced still later. In 1448, a French Jewish rabbi named Isaac Nathan ben Kalonymus divided the Old Testament into verses for the purpose of creating a concordance — the first of its kind in Hebrew. (Of course, it didn’t include the books of the Apocrypha, which were found in Catholic Bibles at the time but not in Jewish Bibles.)
Like Langton’s chapters, Nathan’s innovation came during a period of increasing interest in making the Bible more accessible and understandable to scholars and laypeople — and Christians and Jews — alike.
Then, the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century revolutionized the production and dissemination of texts — especially the Bible. For the first time in history, it enabled the mass production of books, which previously had to be painstakingly copied by hand.
The printed Bible soon became much more widely available — and with it came a greater need for standardized references to facilitate study and discussion.
In 1551, Robert Estienne, a French printer also known as Robertus Stephanus, answered that need. He built on Rabbi Nathan’s work to introduce a verse numbering system for the New Testament as well.
A few years later, Estienne produced the first complete Bible with chapters and verses across both testaments. This achievement made the Bible more accessible to readers and scholars, facilitated easier navigation and citation, and established a consistent reference framework that could be applied to all Bible versions worldwide, in any language.
Though today, his name (like Langton’s and Nathan’s) is not well known, we can scarcely imagine a Bible without his influence.
The Bible contains a total of 1,189 chapters divided between the Old Testament and the New Testament — plus additional chapters in the Apocrypha.
The Old Testament comprises 929 chapters across 39 books in standard Protestant Bibles. These chapters cover everything from history and law to prophecies and poetry.
The number of chapters in the Apocrypha, which includes books not universally accepted within the canonical Bible (due to disagreements around the correct manuscripts to translate from), vary depending on the tradition.
Catholic Bibles, which include the Deuterocanonical Books as part of the Old Testament, contain an additional 145 chapters over Protestant Bibles (plus the addition to Daniel 3), for a total of 1,074. These are spread over 46 books.
Orthodox Bibles include even more material, as well as presenting the Book of Ezra in a different format. The total number of chapters in the Greek Orthodox Old Testament comes to 1,114 divided between 50 books — plus more in various other Orthodox branches.
In most Protestant versions that include it, the Apocrypha contains 173 chapters, separate from the rest of the Old Testament.
The New Testament contains 260 chapters — less than a third as many as the Old Testament. Unlike the Old Testament, this number is the same for all major Christian denominations.
Included in these chapters are the life and teachings of Jesus, the acts of the apostles, various letters from Paul and other apostles, and the prophetic book of Revelation.
In total, the Bible contains some 31,102 verses across its 1,189 chapters, split between the Old and New Testaments.
The Old Testament includes approximately 23,145 verses. These verses span from the creation story in Genesis to the prophecies of Malachi.
Why “approximately”?
While chapters remain relatively equivalent across Bible versions, verses can vary somewhat depending on the translation philosophy. For example, Orthodox Bibles are translated from the Greek Septuagint Old Testament, while Protestant Bibles (and, today, most Catholic ones) are translated from the Hebrew Masoretic Old Testament.
There are minor discrepancies between these texts (and major ones — see the Apocrypha section below) that result in slight differences in verse numbering. But for most English Protestant Bibles, 23,145 is the standard number you can expect to find.
Determining the exact number of verses in the Apocrypha is a complex process due to variations across different denominational traditions and translations. In the commonly accepted versions of the Apocrypha included in Western Bibles, you will find approximately 6,081 verses.
Not all of these verses are included in Catholic Bibles (see the section on chapters above). Since verse numberings are more inconsistent in the Apocrypha (see the history section above), it’s hard to place an exact number, but the entire Catholic Old Testament has somewhere around 28,000 or 29,000 verses, with a few hundred more in Orthodox Bibles.
The New Testament consists of around 7,957 verses, beginning with Matthew’s genealogy of Jesus and ending with the expectation of his return.
As with chapters, this number is more consistent than in the Old Testament — but it can still vary a bit based on a few disputed sections, such as the short and long endings of Mark 16 .
It’s impossible to overestimate the impact that the division of the Bible into chapters and verses has had on how we read, understand, and reference God’s Word. While these divisions were not part of the original manuscripts, they have provided invaluable benefits — including easier navigation, standardized citations, and more structured theological study — for generations of readers.
Jacob holds a Master of Theological Studies in Early Christian Thought from Harvard Divinity School, and a Bachelor of Arts in Religious History from Memorial University of Newfoundland, though with most of his coursework from the University of Hawai'i at Manoa. His work has appeared in Ekstasis and in Geez Magazine's "Embracing Darkness" Advent devotional. He is currently Editorial Director of Bible Gateway.
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Exploring the types of bibles available today.
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Attributes of sound speech, our heart and our mouth, when to be silent, avoid cursing and profanity.
-- Jesus speaking in John 14:6 | Indicates required field |
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Scripture states, "For God has not given us a spirit of timidity, but of power and love and discipline" (2 Timothy 1:7). The introductory phrase can be short and simple, as above. Another variation in the introductory phrase is to include the Scripture reference. The introductory phrase below is "We find this promise in 2 Timothy 1:7".
As you can see, the numbers vary from owner to owner. What does seem to be consistent is that the amount you quote cannot be more than 25% of your total book or an entire book of the Bible. You might not come close to 250 or 500 quoted Bible verses, but it's easier to cross that 25% threshold than you realize. Do the math!
A worthless man digs up evil, While his words are like scorching fire. Proverbs 10:11. Verse Concepts. The mouth of the righteous is a fountain of life, But the mouth of the wicked conceals violence. Proverbs 10:20-21. The tongue of the righteous is as choice silver, The heart of the wicked is worth little.
1 Peter 4:11 ESV / 102 helpful votesHelpfulNot Helpful. Whoever speaks, as one who speaks oracles of God; whoever serves, as one who serves by the strength that God supplies—in order that in everything God may be glorified through Jesus Christ. To him belong glory and dominion forever and ever. Amen.
When directly quoting a Bible passage, the reference should include the book name abbreviation, chapter number, colon, and verse number (s). For example: John 3:16 - Abbreviation, chapter, colon, verse. Rom. 12:1-2 - Abbreviation, chapter, colon, range of verses. Chapter and verse numbers should be separated by a colon.
3. Quote the words that make the best sense standing alone. I suggest you quote that portion of a given Bible passage which makes the best sense by itself, standing alone. It can be more than a verse or less than one. It can even cross a chapter boundary. It's okay. Chapter and verse divisions are recent, wholly man-made, and not always helpful.
1. Include the book and chapter numbers when referencing a quote from the Bible. 2. Use a colon after the book and chapter numbers to indicate the verse number. 3. Reference the verse or passage at the beginning and the end of the quote. 4. Include closing quotation marks at the end of the quote. 5.
10 Tips for Quoting Scripture. Always, always, always give the Bible translation for the verses you quote. (Even on memes!) In running text (i.e., paragraph form), cite a Bible reference in the following way: "God is love" (1 John 4:8 NKJV). Notice there's no comma within the parentheses, and the period goes after the ending parenthesis.
This compilation explores 20 Bible verses suitable for incorporating into speeches. These verses cover a range of themes such as leadership, perseverance, love, and the pursuit of purpose. As speakers engage with these verses, the aim is to enrich their messages with profound insights that resonate with both the heart and mind.
but the prudent hold their tongues. Proverbs 10:19 sin. Speak up for those who cannot speak for themselves, for the rights of all who are destitute. Proverbs 31:8 weakness. A person finds joy in giving an apt reply—. and how good is a timely word! Proverbs 15:23 joy. A gentle answer turns away wrath,
Verse Concepts. Let your speech always be with grace, as though seasoned with salt, so that you will know how you should respond to each person. Titus 2:8. Verse Concepts. sound in speech which is beyond reproach, so that the opponent will be put to shame, having nothing bad to say about us. More verses: James 3:2.
Verse Concepts. The good man brings out of his good treasure what is good; and the evil man brings out of his evil treasure what is evil. Colossians 4:6. Verse Concepts. Let your speech always be with grace, as though seasoned with salt, so that you will know how you should respond to each person. Psalm 141:3.
Colossians 4:6. "Let your conversation be always full of grace, seasoned with salt, so that you may know how to answer everyone.". This verse encourages us to have conversations marked by grace and wisdom. Our words should be seasoned with salt, meaning they should bring flavor and relevance to our interactions.
These are a few that I could especially relate to: 1. The tongue eventually reveals the heart of a person. "The tongue of the righteous is choice silver, but the heart of the wicked is of little value" ( Proverbs 10:20 ). "But the things that come out of a person's mouth come from the heart, and these defile them" ( Matthew 15:10 ).
And adds learning to his lips. (Prov. 16:23 NKJV) 6 The lips of fools bring them strife, and their mouths invite a beating. 7 The mouths of fools are their undoing, and their lips are a snare to their very lives. (Prov. 18:6-7 NIV) Better is a poor man who walks in his integrity than a rich man who is perverse in his speech and is a [self ...
Words possess immense power to build up or tear down. Let's reflect on verses that underscore the significance of speech, offering guidance on using our words for edification, encouragement, and the expression of truth and love. Checkout: Bible Verses About Stewardship Of Time. Bible Verses About Speech Proverbs 15:1
Matthew 4:1-25 ESV / 10 helpful votesHelpfulNot Helpful. Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. And after fasting forty days and forty nights, he was hungry. And the tempter came and said to him, "If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become loaves of bread.".
The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want. He makes me lie down in green pastures. He leads me beside still waters. He restores my soul. He leads me in paths of righteousness for his name's sake. Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me.
My little children, let us not love in word or in tongue, but in deed and in truth. 1 John 3:18 honesty truth speaking. Let no one despise your youth, but be an example to the believers in word, in conduct, in love, in spirit, in faith, in purity. 1 Timothy 4:12 faith love life. Open your mouth for the speechless,
Proverbs 18:13. If one gives an answer before he hears, it is his folly and shame. Proverbs 8:13. The fear of the Lord is hatred of evil. Pride and arrogance and the way of evil and perverted speech I hate. Proverbs 18:21. Death and life are in the power of the tongue, and those who love it will eat its fruits.
Top Inspirational Bible Verses. Jeremiah 29:11 ~ For I know the plans I have for you, declares the Lord, plans for welfare and not for evil, to give you a future and a hope. Deuteronomy 31:6 ~ Be strong and courageous. Do not fear or be in dread of them, for it is the Lord your God who goes with you. He will not leave you or forsake you.".
Proverbs 18:13 - He that answereth a matter before he heareth it, it is folly and shame unto him. Proverbs 18:21 - Death and life are in the power of the tongue: and they that love it shall eat the fruit thereof. James 1:19 - Wherefore, my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath: James 3:2-10 - For in many ...
How Many Verses Are There in the Bible? In total, the Bible contains some 31,102 verses across its 1,189 chapters, split between the Old and New Testaments. Number of Verses in the Old Testament . The Old Testament includes approximately 23,145 verses. These verses span from the creation story in Genesis to the prophecies of Malachi.
Proverbs 15:1 - "A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger." James 3:17 - " But the wisdom from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, reasonable, full of mercy and good fruits, unwavering, without hypocrisy." Proverbs 12:25 - " Anxiety in a man's heart weighs it down, but a good word makes it glad."
Verse of the Day/Encouraging Bible Verses/Daily Bible Verses/Bible Quote of the Day. Scripture Verse of the Day
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