can you get a phd in criminology

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Considered the best doctoral program in the country as evidenced by multiple articles in The Journal of Criminal Justice Education, the FSU College of Criminology offers you the opportunity to be part of an intellectual community and learn from the most productive scholars in the country. The Ph.D. in Criminology and Criminal Justice trains students to conduct original research that generates new insights on issues of scientific and public policy importance. This degree emphasizes comprehensive training in theory, research methods, and statistics delivered by faculty members recently ranked as having the most productive criminology program in the country.

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Criminology, PhD

Penn's highly interdisciplinary Ph.D. in criminology combines the traditional concerns of criminologists with concepts, theories, and empirical research from a wide variety of academic disciplines. The program seeks to produce scholars of unusual breadth who can work creatively in academic or policy settings.

Working closely with faculty, students are encouraged to design their own curriculum and begin research very early in their graduate education. That curriculum will include several core courses taken in the first and second year. These include two courses in criminological theory, two courses in criminal justice policy, and two semesters of graduate level statistics.

For more information: http://crim.sas.upenn.edu/graduate

View the University’s Academic Rules for PhD Programs .

A minimum of 9 course units are required. Additional courses may be selected in consultation with student faculty advisor and graduate group chair.

The degree and major requirements displayed are intended as a guide for students entering in the Fall of 2023 and later. Students should consult with their academic program regarding final certifications and requirements for graduation.

A student who enters the Ph.D. program with a Bachelors degree will usually take 3 course units in each semester in their first two years and must complete all course requirements by the end of their third year.  All students must take 3 CUs in each semester to remain registered as full-time students.

After having completed the substantive, class-based course requirements, they normally fulfill remaining CUs by registering for CRIM 9999 Independent Study and Research .  They will also have passed the Candidacy Examination by the end of their second year. Students who enter with a Master's degree or other transfer credit may satisfy the formal course requirements more quickly. However, the Graduate Group Chair in conjunction with the student’s research supervisor has the flexibility to establish the optimal requirements for students. 

The customary maximum load for a Ph.D. student is four course units each semester; exceptions for a fifth course unit may be made in extraordinary cases upon approval of the Graduate Dean. The Graduate Group may establish examination requirements in addition to the University’s standards.

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Phd in criminology.

These web pages contain materials pertaining to admission and completion of the Ph.D. program in Criminology.

The Ph.D. or Doctor of Philosophy is granted in recognition of the highest attainment in a specific field of knowledge. It is a research degree conferred when a student has demonstrated proficiency and distinctive achievement in a specified field. The Doctor of Philosophy degree requires a student to complete a dissertation that provides evidence of the ability to do original and independent research that contributes to a body of knowledge.

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The department has funds to support selected graduate students. A Graduate Assistantship provides a $25,800 annual stipend, tuition waiver and health insurance. Students receiving these assistantships work 20 hours per week. These are awarded on a competitive basis and all applicants are considered. We abide by the resolution of the Council of Graduate Schools that requires that graduate programs give students until April 15th to accept offers.

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2024 Best Online PhD in Criminology Programs [Guide]

Are you interested in earning an online PhD in Criminology?

Online doctorate programs in criminology educate students in the sociology of crime. You can learn what social factors contribute to increasing crime rates and how to conduct scientific research on crime.

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Experts in the field can help draft laws to prevent crime, assist in the rehabilitation of criminal offenders, or conduct academic research. The field of criminology plays an important role in making communities safer for everyone.

Universities Offering Online PhD in Criminology Degree Programs

Methodology: The following school list is in alphabetical order. To be included, a college or university must be regionally accredited and offer degree programs online or in a hybrid format.

California University of Pennsylvania

California University of Pennsylvania offers an online Doctorate in Criminal Justice program. It can typically be completed in 2 years. Those interested in the program must have a master’s degree in a related field with a GPA of 3.5 or higher. Students must submit a personal statement and a writing sample when applying.

The California University of Pennsylvania  is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Texas A&M International University

Texas A&M International University offers a Doctor of Philosophy in Criminal Justice. The program requires students to complete a semester on campus before moving to online classes. Applicants with a master’s degree are required to complete 49 semester hours, while those with a law degree need to complete 52 hours. Texas A&M International University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

University of Arizona

The University of Arizona offers a Doctor of Psychology with a specialization in Criminology and Justice Studies. Each course is 6 to 9 weeks long. Students are required to complete 62 credits to graduate. Applicants must submit official transcripts from a master’s degree program that they completed with a GPA of 3.0 or higher. The University of Arizona is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

University of North Georgia

The University of North Georgia offers an online PhD in Criminal Justice with a concentration in Intelligence. To graduate, students must complete 54 credit hours, including two teaching practicums. Applicants must have a master’s degree with a GPA of 3.2 or higher and official GRE test scores. UNG is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Washington State University

Washington State University offers a Doctor of Philosophy in Criminal Justice and Criminology.

To graduate, students must complete 72 credit hours, with 33 of those hours dedicated to dissertation research. Applicants must have a master’s degree with a GPA of 3.0 or higher, 3 letters of recommendation, official GRE test scores, and a personal statement. Washington State University is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.

Online PhD in Criminology Programs

Criminology is the branch of sociology that deals with crime and criminals. You may want to look into doctoral programs in criminology if you have already studied sociology or a related field at the bachelor’s or master’s level and would like to develop more specialized knowledge.

Criminology PhD programs, much like masters programs in criminology , can help prepare you for a variety of career paths. Professionals with a PhD tend to pursue careers in research or academia. Advanced knowledge of criminology could also be beneficial if you work in a rehabilitation or correctional facility for criminal offenders.

It’s also applicable to government agencies and private nonprofits that work to lower crime rates and increase public safety.

Here are some subjects that are typically covered in doctoral criminology programs:

• Criminal law
• Criminal psychology
• Statistical analysis
• Research methods

A doctorate in criminology is usually a very research-intensive degree program. You will likely learn a lot about how to collect data and analyze research methodology.

As part of a PhD program, you will probably be expected to complete a dissertation. A dissertation demonstrates that you know how to conduct methodologically correct research and contribute new knowledge to the field for publication in peer-reviewed journals.

Ideally, this knowledge would have practical applications that could help to improve society.

Criminology Careers & Salaries

Advanced knowledge of criminology could be useful for career paths in which people attempt to understand and mitigate criminal behavior.

Criminology expertise could be applied to a career in sociology, social and community service management, research, correctional treatment, or counseling. A doctoral degree can also help you qualify for a career in academia or for senior or leadership positions in the field.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , here are some careers related to the advanced study of criminology.

Social and community service managers can work in a variety of industries, but they are most often employed by individual and family services. They may also work for the local government or for religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations.

Other employers of social and community service managers include nursing and residential care facilities as well as community and vocational rehabilitation services. Most sociologists work in research and development.

Criminology Doctorate Curriculum

Here are some examples of courses you might take while earning your doctoral degree in criminology:

• Theories of Crime : You’ll study sociological theories about why people commit crimes.
• Criminology and Public Policy : You’ll learn how the study of crime and criminals can influence public policy to be more effective.
• Applied Statistics : You’ll learn how to correctly analyze and interpret data that you have collected while conducting research.
• Philosophy of Law, Justice, and Social Control : This course covers the legal and criminal justice systems from a philosophical perspective.
• Race and Ethnicity in Crime and Criminal Justice : You’ll study systemic racism in the criminal justice system.
• Civil Liability for Criminal Justice Professionals : This course covers the legal obligations of criminal justice professionals as well as situations in which they could face civil lawsuits for misconduct.
• Advanced Criminal Law : You’ll study laws that define criminal offenses and regulate the penalties of convicted offenders.
• Police and Society : This course explores the role of police, the ways in which police can affect society positively or negatively, and the ways police can be more effective at their work.
• Criminal Justice Policy and Administration : You’ll study policies within the criminal justice system and how they affect the judicial process and corrections system.
• Analysis of Crime Data : You’ll study the numbers collected in crime research and learn how to interpret them.

Exact course requirements can vary from one university to another. It’s common for doctoral programs to require the completion of a dissertation or capstone project as well.

How to Choose an Online Doctoral Program in Criminology

Here are some factors you may want to take into account when choosing an online doctoral program in criminology:

• Affordability . Some schools may charge higher tuition than others.
• Available concentrations . Some programs allow you to choose a concentration within the field of criminology, such as cybercrime or juvenile justice.
• Synchronous or asynchronous coursework . In a synchronous online format, online classes meet at a specific time, just like traditional classes. In an asynchronous course, you may be able to complete all assignments according to your own schedule.
• Job placement rate . You may want to attend a program that is known for being able to place most of its graduates in jobs after completion of the degree.
• On-campus requirements . Some online programs offered by traditional universities may require that you come to campus occasionally to meet with your adviser or attend seminars. Other programs may be fully online.

Since there are many different types of programs, it’s beneficial to explore your options so you can find the one that best suits your needs and preferences.

Admissions Requirements

What qualifications should you have before you even apply to an online doctoral program in criminology? Here are some common admissions requirements:

• Bachelor’s degree or higher from an accredited university
• Minimum grade point average of 3.0
• Previous professional experience
• Background in research

Admissions requirements can vary at different universities. Some universities may consider GPA to be the most important qualification, while others might prefer candidates with previous work experience. Some universities require that you have a master’s degree, especially if you do not already have work experience in the field.

Accreditation

Regionally accredited universities are regularly evaluated by an outside agency to ensure the quality of their educational programs and student services. The name of the agency that provides a university’s accreditation can usually be found on the university’s website.

Before you apply to an online criminology degree program, you may want to check to make sure it is accredited. A university’s accreditation status can affect how easily you can transfer course credits to other universities and whether you can qualify for federal financial aid.

A degree earned from an accredited institution is also widely respected by employers and universities alike. To learn more about regional accreditation, you can visit the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) .

Criminology Licensure and Certifications

In addition to pursuing a terminal degree in the field of criminology, you may also be interested in earning a certification from a professional organization.

The American Correctional Association (ACA) offers professional certifications for corrections workers, such as the Certified Corrections Executive (CCE) certification. Earning a certification often requires passing an exam that corresponds with specialized knowledge or training.

Certifications are not always required for criminal justice careers, but they can indicate your expertise in the field and your commitment to continuing education.

Financial Aid and Scholarships

There are many financial aid opportunities available for qualifying students, even for those in online doctoral programs.

Scholarships exist for students in nearly every field and at every level of education. Some professional organizations and nonprofits have scholarship opportunities for students who are studying criminal justice or a related field, such as criminology.

You may also be able to receive financial assistance from your current employer, especially if furthering your knowledge of criminology would benefit your work. To apply for federal financial aid, you can fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) .

Criminology Professional Organizations

Professional organizations sometimes host in-person networking events. They can also provide members with access to job listings, continuing education opportunities, online trade journals, and other professional publications.

Here are some professional organizations for people who work in criminology and the broader field of criminal justice:

• American Criminal Justice Association (ACJA)
• American Society of Criminology (ASC)
• National Criminal Justice Association (NCJA)

These organizations may be able to provide you with useful resources while you complete your PhD program and after you graduate.

Is There a PhD in Criminology?

Yes, there are PhD programs in criminology. These doctoral programs teach students how to use rigorous scientific research to inform public policy and practice within the criminal justice system.

You can also take advanced interdisciplinary coursework in subjects such as law, statistics, and sociology. Most PhD programs also require the completion of a dissertation under the guidance of a supervisor.

Similar to what you may find in top criminal justice PhD programs , a PhD in Criminology can help you develop advanced research skills that are highly applicable in academia or in organizations that utilize criminological research.

What Can You Do with a Doctoral Degree in Criminology?

Doctoral degrees in criminology are primarily intended for students who want to teach or conduct research. Some professionals who hold a criminology PhD work as postsecondary teachers, criminologists, or survey researchers.

Doctoral degrees are a standard requirement for postsecondary teachers and researchers. This type of degree could also be useful for careers in the criminal justice and corrections systems. A doctorate may also help qualify you to take on leadership roles in institutions that aim to rehabilitate criminal offenders.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Criminology Online?

PhD programs generally take 3 to 5 years to complete, but your time to completion can vary depending on the length of the program and how many hours of coursework you take on each semester.

Programs that require a dissertation generally take longer to complete than non-dissertation programs. Without a dissertation requirement, you may be able to complete your PhD in as little as 3 years if you attend full-time.

What Jobs Can You Get with a Doctorate in Criminology?

There are many challenging and rewarding jobs you can pursue with a doctorate in criminology. Exactly what jobs you can qualify for once you have completed your doctorate depends on a variety of factors, such as your work experience and area of specialty.

Criminology-related occupations include postsecondary teacher, social and community service manager, sociologist, survey researcher, probation officer, correctional treatment specialist, and rehabilitation counselor.

What Does a Criminologist Do?

Criminology is one of the branches of sociology. So, a criminologist is technically a type of sociologist. Criminologists conduct scientific research regarding criminals and the types of crimes they commit.

They may look for the answers to questions such as:

• What factors lead people to commit crimes?
• Which types of people are most likely to commit which types of crimes?
• What are the most effective methods society can use to prevent crimes?
• How can we help offenders become productive members of society?

There is much research to be conducted in this field, and the knowledge that could be gained from criminological research might help make communities safer for everyone.

What’s the Difference Between a Doctoral Program in Criminology vs. Criminal Justice?

Here are some key differences between the fields of criminology and criminal justice:

While criminology and criminal justice do overlap somewhat, they are two distinct fields.

Is a PhD in Criminology Worth It?

Yes, a PhD in Criminology is worth it for many students. Job growth is expected for a number of occupations related to criminology. Employment of postsecondary teachers is expected to grow 9% over the next decade, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Meanwhile, employment of social and community service managers is expected to grow 17%, and employment of sociologists is expected to grow 4%. Criminology is a fascinating area of study for many people, and doctoral studies can help you expand your knowledge and career opportunities in this growing field.

Getting Your PhD in Criminology Online

If you’re interested in analyzing crime from a sociological perspective, you may have decided that getting a PhD in Criminology is the next step for your education and career.

A number of accredited universities offer this doctoral program on campus as well as online. Online programs, whether it’s an online degree in criminology or a broader online criminal justice degree , are typically known for their convenience and flexibility. Plus, you would likely save time by avoiding the commute to campus.

With so many options available, you can compare programs to discover which ones best match your learning preferences and your professional interests. You can start your doctoral journey today by exploring accredited universities!

Academic Catalog 2023-2024

Criminology and justice policy, phd.

The doctoral program in criminology and justice policy at the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Northeastern University seeks to prepare students for professional and research careers in criminal justice, criminology, and related fields by applying multidisciplinary and comparative social science to understand, predict, and explain crime and contribute to the development of public policy within urban communities. Using an active-learning approach, the school seeks to develop its students intellectually and ethically, while providing them with a keen appreciation for the complexities of crime and public and private efforts to make communities safer and to ensure justice. 

The program is full time and is small and student centered. Students may enter the program with either a bachelor's degree or a master's degree. It is expected that students will be able to complete the program in four to five years, and students entering with a master's degree will be able to complete the program in three to five years.

Year one in the doctoral program offers students an opportunity to obtain a broad foundational knowledge in the discipline: one semester on theories of criminal justice process, two semesters of criminological theory, two semesters of statistics, and one semester of advanced research methods. To ensure that all students have mastered the foundational material emphasized across the required courses for the PhD program and can successfully integrate theory, research, and policy, all PhD students take a “foundations” qualifying examination at the end of their first year in the doctoral program.  

After demonstrating mastery of the foundational knowledge in year one, students devote themselves to a more specific area of research in years two and three. Students demonstrate this commitment through the second and third qualifying examinations: an area exam and a publishable paper.

Following successful completion of the three qualifying examinations, and required and elective course work, the students proceed to a formal dissertation proposal defense.

Doctoral Degree Candidacy

A student achieves candidacy when they have successfully completed all course work (54 semester hours for students entering with a bachelor's degree or 42 semester hours for students entering with advanced standing), passed all three qualifying examinations, and deposited the final version of their dissertation proposal (approved by their full committee) with the school’s graduate program office. Candidacy is certified, in writing, by the college.

Bachelor's Degree Entrance

Complete all courses and requirements listed below unless otherwise indicated.

Annual review Three qualifying examinations—foundations exam, area exam, and publishable paper Dissertation committee Dissertation proposal PhD candidacy Dissertation defense

Core Requirements

Dissertation, program credit/gpa requirements.

54 total semester hours required Minimum 3.500 GPA required

Advanced Degree Entrance

Annual review Three qualifying examinations—foundations exam, area exam, and publishable paper Dissertation committee Dissertation proposal Candidacy achieved Dissertation defense

42 total semester hours required Minimum 3.500 GPA required

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What Can You Do With a Criminology Degree?

Criminology degrees can lead to careers ranging from paralegals and police officers to forensic psychologists.

What to Do With a Criminology Degree

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Criminology focuses on "the study of the offender" and why criminals act the way they do.

Many law-abiding people who have no desire to commit crimes themselves are nevertheless fascinated by the psychology and behavior of criminals. Someone who is obsessed with crime fiction or true-crime stories may want to consider a degree in criminology.

What Criminology Is and Why Someone Might Study It

Criminology is a social science that focuses on understanding where, how and why crime happens, and what policies will discourage potential criminals from hurting others. It is the study of crime's causes and effects, how to prevent it, who does it, why people participate in criminal activity and what makes someone vulnerable to becoming a crime victim.

Many academic disciplines are closely related to criminology, such as psychology , anthropology and political science .

Research in criminology often explores questions surrounding what should be done after a crime occurs, so scholars in this discipline often debate what types of criminal punishments are most appropriate. Criminologists discuss how crime victims and their families should be treated, how the hurt of victimized individuals can be properly accounted for and redressed by criminal laws, and the proper balance between justice and mercy.

Criminology sometimes involves discussion of how to redirect people who may be tempted to commit crime, and it includes research about which rehabilitation strategies may work best with prisoners and paroled individuals.

For some who pursue a degree in criminology, interest in the field is driven by curiosity about the criminal justice system and a desire to make it better. Prospective criminology students may also want to learn about the mentality of criminals so that they can use the insight to deal with crime empathetically and appropriately.

Austin Handle, a former police officer who has a bachelor's degree in criminology, says the lessons he learned from his degree helped him convey compassion during conversations with members of the Georgia community where he served as a law enforcement officer by "just talking to people in a way that shows that the system may be black and white but that we do care about their story."

Handle – who Whistleblower News Network identified as a "Whistleblower of the Week" in early September because of his public comments on a scandal at his former police department – says a criminology degree provides a big-picture perspective on the criminal justice system, which can inform policy choices.

"It helps us identify issues in the system and how we can fix that going forward," says Handle, the founder of Apollo A.I., a Georgia-based technology company that provides tools that can be used by first responders. It recently won a national prize from the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Handle notes that the study of criminology illuminates why police misconduct occurs and how to mitigate it. He says that knowledge of criminology can clarify why and how rogue police officers might violate their police department's policies. Handle adds that principles of criminology could also be used by corporate executives and business managers who are trying to understand rule-breaking by employees.

Criminology vs. Criminal Justice: What's the Difference?

Experts say that although criminology degrees are somewhat similar to criminal justice degrees, there are some differences.

Handle explains that while criminal justice tends to focus on law, criminal procedure and criminal statistics, criminology is typically more focused on "the study of the offender" and why criminals act the way they do.

He says that questions about why reality looks a certain way are pivotal in criminology, since the field clarifies which factors most increase the probability of criminal activity.

Texas-based attorney Joseph Hoelscher, who specializes in criminal defense and child welfare law , explains that criminology tends to be more theoretical while criminal justice is application-oriented.

"Criminology is more abstract, creating greater depth of theoretical knowledge and may help graduates be more flexible in adapting to the jurisdiction in which they are hired," Hoelscher, who is on the Texas Criminal Defense Lawyers Association board of directors, wrote in an email. "Applied knowledge doesn't travel as well because every jurisdiction will have different ways of doing things. Really, there's a lot of overlap but criminology should be where anyone who intends to progress to higher degrees should start."

There are a wide range of degrees in criminology, including associate, bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees. Doctorates in the field are designed for future researchers, and a master's can accelerate someone's path to management. While an associate degree may be sufficient for some criminal justice jobs, many jobs in this sector require a bachelor's.

Criminology-Related Jobs

Because an understanding of how and why crime occurs is useful in many contexts, a criminology degree is helpful in various jobs, including:

• Criminal defense attorney.
• Criminal investigator.
• Criminal profiler.
• Criminal prosecutor.
• Criminologist.
• Criminology professor or researcher.
• City administrator.
• Correctional officer.
• Field investigator.
• Fire inspector.
• Forensic psychologist.
• Investigative reporter.
• Investigative analyst.
• Internal affairs investigator.
• Police officer.
• Loss prevention specialist.
• Manager of an investigations unit.
• Parole officer.
• Policy analyst.
• Private investigator.
• Social worker.

"One of the most overlooked placement areas for criminology graduates is within insurance companies," Stacey Giulianti, chief legal officer and corporate secretary with Florida Peninsula Holdings, wrote in an email.

"Every state requires insurance companies to maintain and staff special investigative units, better known as the SIU Department," adds Giulianti, whose company has two subsidiary insurance companies.

Giulianti explained in a phone interview that because insurance fraud amounts to billions of dollars annually, there is enormous demand for criminology degree holders within the insurance industry. He notes that regardless of what a criminology degree recipient does, whether in the public or private sector, there is generally a component of public service.

"They're providing their insights to provide action plans to stop crime," he says.

Salaries and Career Outlook in Criminology Fields

Since criminology grads have a wide array of career options, the route taken will affect earning potential.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage among U.S. police and detectives, for example, was $65,170 in May 2019. Employment in those jobs is projected to grow 5% by 2029, according to the bureau.

How to Decide if a Criminology Degree Is Worth Pursuing

Hoelscher says criminology degrees don't typically lead to astronomical salaries, so people who pursue a degree in the field generally view it as a personal calling rather than a way to make big money.

"People rarely become wealthy working in criminal justice, so the ones that last have a connection to the work itself," he says. Criminology degree recipients who become expert witnesses may be generously compensated, but those jobs are very hard to obtain, he adds.

Salaries vary depending on where a criminology grad works, according to Hoelscher. "Income varies by jurisdiction because government pay sets the floor for private sector wages."

Hoelscher notes that a desire to serve others is necessary to flourish in any position that relates to criminology or the criminal justice system.

"Don't get into criminal justice unless you want to help the people you are working with," he says. "They can be frustrating, but they deserve to be treated with as much respect as anyone."

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• Prospective Graduate Students
• Admission to the Doctoral Program

Candidates for admission to the PhD Program normally have an MA degree in Criminology or an equivalent master’s degree.

• Applicants must have at minimum an A- standing (or equivalent) in their MA degree program.
• Students from MA programs other than the University of Toronto’s MA in criminology may be required to take additional courses as part of their doctoral program.
• If you do not meet the program requirements, you should consult the Graduate Coordinator or Graduate Administrator before submitting an application.

Meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee acceptance. Our PhD program is a very small one (around a dozen students) and only a very small number of students are accepted into the doctoral program in any year.

In addition to excellent performance at the Masters level, each student accepted into the doctoral program must have a presumptive PhD dissertation supervisor . In making admissions decisions, we seek to ensure that every student who is admitted can be matched with a supervisor who is a good fit with the student’s scholarly interests.

No PhD application will be successful, no matter how well-qualified the applicant, if no member of the faculty is willing to take on (at least initially) the supervision work. PhD applicants who do not establish prior contact with a presumptive supervisor may be successful but this is very unusual.

In applying, therefore, it is important to indicate which member or members of the faculty would be appropriate supervisors for your doctoral research interests.

• Communicating with faculty members prior to submitting an application is strongly advised.
• Although a firm commitment from a prospective supervisor is not essential, when you write your application, you should indicate whether you have made contact with a possible supervisor as well as possible dissertation committee members.
• CrimSL assumes that the vast majority of PhD students will be supervised by a core faculty member with their principal appointment in the Centre.
• Applicants who wish to be supervised by a cross-appointed faculty member must include with their applications a statement explaining why they wish to pursue the PhD in Criminology, rather than in the discipline or department where their preferred supervisor is principally appointed. This might explain why the student wishes to pursue the PhD in an interdisciplinary Centre, or why the other department is inappropriate for the applicant’s range of interests.
• These applicants should also consult with their potential supervisor about the likely composition of their dissertation committee, since all committees must include core Centre faculty.

Should a prospective Ph.D. student require advice on which faculty member to speak with regarding their proposed research, they should contact:

Professor B. Jauregui Graduate Coordinator [email protected]

Successful PhD applicants are invariably those who are very familiar with the research interests of at least some members of our faculty and who have had preliminary contacts with potential supervisors. We thus encourage you to review the current research interests of various faculty members, so that you can then decide if you want to approach particular professors.

Submitting an Application

Applications to the Centre for Criminology and Sociolegal Studies must be submitted to the School of Graduate Studies (SGS) through the online application which is housed on a secure server at the University of Toronto.

The Centre will consider your application only after you have entered your personal and academic information in the online application, paid the application fee, and submitted the supporting documents by the deadline date.

The applicant is responsible for assembling and submitting all required material by the application deadline. Complete the SGS online admissions application here .

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• It is your responsibility to check the system frequently to verify that the documents have been received.

If for some reason you cannot use the online admission application, please contact us at  [email protected] .

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Admissions Enquiries

For further details about the PhD course please contact the Graduate Administrators : Ms Charlotte Dove and Mrs Faith Payne

The PhD in Criminology is an advanced research degree, awarded on the basis of the preparation and presentation of a substantial piece of independent and original academic research. Cambridge doctoral students in criminology are supervised by leading scholars in their chosen fields, and student publications have been internationally recognised.

The Institute of Criminology has a worldwide reputation for excellence in both teaching and research. PhD candidates benefit from close links with the Institute's six dedicated research centres, providing them with unrivaled opportunities and the support to develop as independent researchers, while being part of an integrated community of criminologists working at different levels and through multidisciplinary approaches. The Cambridge PhD is a structured, yet flexible course of study, which supports individual development for becoming a professional researcher. It will help students develop the core skills needed by an arts, humanities or social sciences professional researcher of the future, which are valued by both academic and non-academic employers. By the end of the programme, candidates will have acquired the skills, experience and knowledge to undertake postdoctoral work (research and teaching) or another related professions.

PhD in Criminology Course

Training, support and development programme .

The Institute runs a comprehensive training, support and development programme for its PhD students. Frequent seminars are designed to develop research skills, technique and thinking.

While you are likely to be starting the PhD course with a background of suitable research training which you undertook before admission, e.g. through your Masters or MPhil degree, during your time at Cambridge you can broaden this as much as you wish with the number of different opportunities available.

You are advised to discuss your training needs with your supervisor and record any training undertaken. 

PhD candidates are strongly encouraged to take advantage of these training opportunities and the many interdepartmental workshops offered within the Institute and the University more widely.

Researcher Development Programme

The School of Arts and Humanities organises a Researcher Development Programme covering a range of topics from PhD skills training, to language training and writing and editing skills.

Social Sciences Research Methods Programme (SSRMP)

The Social Sciences Research Methods Programme is an interdisciplinary initiative offering high-quality research methods training to postgraduate students. The courses offered by the SSRMC cover skills relevant across the social sciences in a range of qualitative and quantitative research methods, from basic training to advanced statistical analysis.​

Seminars and Events

The Institute of Criminology holds weekly seminars and events, and candidates for the PhD are strongly encouraged to participate in the wider research culture of the Institute. These include the 'Brown Bag' seminars (aimed at criminologists at all levels of career progression within the Institute: PhD students, post-doctoral fellows and University teaching officers), Institute Guest Speaker seminars (usually Thursday evenings during term time), and MPhil teaching seminars.

Personal and Professional Development

The University's Skills Portal provides information on the transferable skills PhD students may wish to cultivate and enhance, and lists training opportunities available across the University, together with links to useful resources outside the University.

Careers Service

The Careers Service provides information and resources on jobs and opportunities within different sectors, advice on making applications and interviews, appointments with careers advisors, as well as career panels, skills sessions and events. Its services are available to all alumni for life.

Language Centre

The Language Centre supports the teaching and learning of languages throughout the University and is an excellent resource for academic purposes, whether you need to improve your language skills to help with your research or before undertaking fieldwork.

Supervisors and Research Topics

If you are confident that your proposed research is a good fit with your nominated supervisor, we recommend that you contact them in advance. If no potential supervisor is expressly stated in your application, the Admissions Panel will try to match applicants with willing supervisors based on academic interests and area of expertise, but there is no guarantee that this will always be possible.

If you have any questions about whether your topic is a good fit with your potential supervisor’s interests, you may email them, attaching both a CV with details of the degrees you have taken and the marks you have obtained, and a brief research proposal (1-2 pages max).

• Include in the main text of your message a short statement about your background (what you have studied so far, your degree result or grade average, any relevant experience) and research interests.
• Indicate why you wish to work with that member of staff, in particular (not just Cambridge in general), and what you can bring to the research group. Demonstrate your awareness of their research and how it aligns with your research interests.
• It is helpful to include information on your funding situation and plans.
• There is no need to attach references or transcripts.

Please be aware that our PhD supervisors receive large numbers of enquiries, and therefore cannot give detailed feedback on your proposal.

Postgraduate PhD applicants are required to nominate a supervisor as part of their application. 

Please consult the list below to see which members of staff are available to supervise PhD students starting in October 2023. Availability depends on several factors, including sabbatical leave arrangements, contractual arrangements, and the number of students already being supervised by each member of staff. Each listing includes a few words outlining research/supervision interests. When choosing your nominated supervisor, it is important that there is some overlap with your own research interests or approach. You can find more detailed information by clicking through to supervisors’ research profiles. If you have any questions about whether your topic is a good fit with your potential supervisor’s interests, you may email them, attaching both a CV with details of the degrees you have taken and the marks you have obtained, and a brief research proposal (1-2 pages max). Also:

Please note: No preference will be given to applicants who have made informal contact before applying. Please be aware that our PhD supervisors receive large numbers of enquiries, and therefore cannot give detailed feedback on your proposal.

The application portal for 2024/25 is now live.

Academic requirements, new admissions.

We expect (full-time and part-time) PhD applicants from outside the University of Cambridge to have a  Master's degree, with a distinction or close to distinction or equivalent, preferably in a social science discipline although applicants from other disciplines will also be considered.

Continuing from MPhil to PhD (current Cambridge students)

Both the Institute's MPhil courses provide excellent preparation for doctoral study, and many of our MPhil students choose to stay at Cambridge to pursue a Cambridge PhD. However, we do recommend that current MPhil students considering applying to study for a PhD should complete the MPhil in Criminological Research.  Continuation from the MPhil course is subject to a MPhil student achieving at least 74% overall. 

How to Apply

Full-time and part-time applications for the PhD in Criminology must be made through the University's Postgraduate Admissions Office Applicant Portal . Only applicants have access to their application(s) on the application portal. The Institute is not able view (or amend) an application until it is complete.  Please note the following:

Completing your online Application Form (Full-time and Part-time applicants)

When will i receive a decision.

• Full-time and part-time PhD applications are considered on a rolling basis (as they are received) up until each Term's application deadline.
• We aim to assess and make a decision for all applications within eight weeks of receiving a complete application form (which includes two academic references).  As part of the decision making process, you may be invited to attend an interview with your prospective supervisor and another members of the admissions panel. Interviews maybe conducted in person, or via Zoom / Teams. [ Part-time applications : If the department decides to make you an offer the applicant will also be interviewed by their proposed supervsior to establish a five-year research plan, which will set out your attendance requirements for training and seminars, frequency of supervisions and progress stages.]

Admission Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

The Postgraduate Admissions Office has a comprehensive list of Frequently Asked Questions relating to the applications process. Please refer to these while making your application and throughout the process of applying.

Funding your Studies

If you wish to be considered for University based funding you must submit your PhD application in full by 4 January 2024, or 11 October 2023 if you are a USA citizen resident in the USA and wish to be considered for Gates funding .

Full details on course fees can be found at the Postgraduate Admissions website.

When considering applying for a course consider the living costs as well as the course fees required during your time here. The  finance overview  will help you calculate your costs.

There are many funding opportunities at Cambridge from a wide variety of sources including the Cambridge Trusts, Gates Cambridge, Colleges, Research Councils and central University funds. Eligibility for the funds can be based on what course you are studying, your country of origin, or other criteria.

The Postgraduate Admissions Website has detailed information about these funding opportunities . This includes information about eligibility, how to apply and application deadlines.

There is also a  funding search tool  which will help you identify possibly funding opportunities.

You are also advised to do your own research on other funding sources, including the Colleges. Competition for funding is high so we strongly advise that you apply for as many funding opportunities as possible, to maximise the chance of success. On our funding page we have highlighted some funding opportunities where our students have achieved success in previous years.

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Criminology Careers Today

Learn All About Criminology Education and Jobs

PhD in Criminology: What is it Good For?

As we’ve mentioned in several posts on this site, your education is a major factor in your journey to land a criminology job. There are certain positions available to those who complete an associate’s or bachelor’s degree, but others require more advanced study.

Entering a PhD program in criminology is one such option, but it is a path that takes many years of study to complete. But what types of jobs are waiting at the end of the tunnel? And are they worth it?

What are Criminology PhD Programs?

First, it is important to remember the differences between criminology and criminal justice . Criminal justice is more of a study of the existing systems in place to deal with crime, such as the courts and prisons. Criminology, on the other hand, is a more in-depth investigation into the causes and societal responses to crime. As such, it involves in-depth research, studies of the impact of crime, and courses in criminological theory.

You will have to write a dissertation and perhaps also take a comprehensive examination at some point during your course of study.

In order to be considered for admission, you sometimes will have to have a master’s degree or PhD in another discipline, but sometimes a bachelor’s is all you need. Be sure to check the admission requirements for your desired programs to see what they require. You will also need to submit your scores on the GRE (or similar graduate examination), letters of recommendation, and a resume .

How Long Do Criminology PhD Programs Take?

The major thing to keep in mind when considering an advanced degree is how many years the program will take you. PhDs take the longest out of all academic programs, and you must be sure you are ready to give such a commitment before getting started.

If you are planning to be a full-time student, the typical time for completing a criminology PhD program is 4-5 years. If you are taking classes part time while working, the time will be longer. Conversely, if you are completing an online program, or otherwise accelerating the process by taking on extra courses, you might be able to finish in less time.

Here are a few links to criminology PhD programs where you can see the requirements and the time expected for completion. (Universities included here are in the US and UK):

Arizona State

University of Manchester

In addition, here is a comprehensive report of different criminology programs put together by the Association of Doctoral Programs in Criminology & Criminal Justice (ADPCCJ).

What Jobs Can You Get with a Criminology PhD?

As with most doctoral programs, a PhD in Criminology prepares you primarily for a career in academia. This typically means being a college professor, which entails teaching, scholarship (research), and service to your institution in the form of committee work and other responsibilities.

In addition to faculty positions, criminology PhDs can also seek research positions with diverse agencies ranging from state law enforcement offices to think tanks to the FBI.

Here is one site you can start your job hunt:  http://www.adpccj.com/jobs.html

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What Can You Do with a Doctorate in Criminal Justice? 9 Career Options

What can you do with a doctorate in criminal justice? Consider these nine rewarding career options with a DCJ from Saint Leo University.

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Criminal justice is a broad industry, enabling you to pursue a variety of positions ranging from those involved in the creation of laws and legal procedures to those that are responsible for enforcing the regulations that are already in effect—and everything in between.

While there are associate and bachelor’s degree programs that can help prepare you for this type of career path, you can also choose to pursue your doctorate. If the latter is of interest to you, here are nine career options to consider for those with a doctorate in criminal justice.

1. Federal Agent

If you dream of being an agent for the FBI, IRS, DEA, or Secret Service, obtaining your doctorate in criminal justice is one way to achieve this goal. Your responsibilities in an agent role will vary depending on which federal agency you choose but generally include duties related to the enforcement of laws and/or the investigation of potential violations. Getting your doctorate also prepares you for leadership positions within these national law enforcement agencies.

2. Higher-Level Local or State Law Enforcement Positions

Maybe your career vision involves holding a higher-level position at a law enforcement agency within your local community or state. A doctorate in criminal justice can make this an option as well. The knowledge gained in your doctoral-level studies can help prepare you for a position such as sheriff, undersheriff, chief of police, and more.

3. Emergency Management Director

Another option is to use your doctorate in criminal justice to secure an emergency management director role. Individuals in this position are responsible for developing and implementing response plans for natural disasters and other types of large-scale emergencies that may occur in their designated areas. They’re also tasked with identifying high-probability risks and finding ways to prevent them from occurring.

4. Forensic Scientist

Forensic scientists collect and analyze crime scene evidence. Some professionals working in this role perform their duties at crime scenes. Others spend their days in labs, using various technologies and devices to gain more information about a suspect or the scene of the crime, potentially making a connection between the two.

5. Policy Analyst

You can also use your doctorate in criminal justice to become a policy analyst. In this role, you would be responsible for reviewing certain policies to help identify any potential issues that may exist, and also to provide possible solutions. If you’re interested in playing an active role in the development or modification of the policies that govern society and/or specific groups or populations, a policy analyst career path may be a good fit for you.

6. Cybersecurity Analyst

Where a policy analyst does an in-depth review of policies, a cybersecurity analyst focuses on online devices, networks, and systems. One benefit of this career path is that the list of industries you can work in is endless. Any company or organization that conducts business online (or has an online presence) can benefit from having a cybersecurity expert analyze their Internet-based devices and systems, helping to protect them from hackers and other individuals who should not have access to the stored information.

7. Attorney

Courses taken in a doctoral-level criminal justice program also help prepare you for a career as an attorney. Lawyers can specialize in various areas of law, whether civil or criminal. A civil attorney may work primarily with medical malpractice cases, for instance, or help their clients with the preparation of wills or trusts. Criminal attorneys can also specialize in certain areas of law, focusing their efforts on clients charged with drunk driving, homicide, or some other type of crime.

8. Educational Coordinator

If you have a passion for education, you can use your doctorate in criminal justice as an educational coordinator. Professionals in this position spend their days developing or improving educational programs or curricula. Not only do schools hire educational coordinators, but some employers do as well. This enables you to play an important role in shaping the future of tomorrow’s students or workers.

9. College Instructor

Do you like the idea of educating others but would prefer a more one-on-one role where you can interact directly with students? In this case, you might want to use your doctorate in criminal justice to pursue a career as a college instructor. In this position, you would be teaching the next generation of criminal justice experts. And the knowledge you provide can be critical to helping them achieve their own career goals.

Saint Leo University Offers a Doctorate in Criminal Justice

If any of these careers feel like a good fit for you, you can earn your doctorate in criminal justice at Saint Leo University. Saint Leo offers two doctorate-level criminal justice program options:

• Doctorate in Criminal Justice: Homeland Security
• Doctorate in Criminal Justice: Education

Both 60-credit hour degree programs can be completed online, with three weekend-long residencies held either at Saint Leo’s university campus near Tampa, FL or at one of our select education centers that offer this option. Are you ready to go? Get started on your doctorate in criminal justice—and take the next step toward your exciting new career.

Saint Leo University See more from this author

What Can I Do With a Criminology or Criminal Justice PhD?

Criminal justice is one of the most challenging and rewarding occupations, dedicated to keeping people safe and society running fairly. Like any other field, though, climbing the highest rungs of the job ladder can be difficult. While it takes experience and dedication to get into leadership roles, it also takes education and credentials. But whether they’re in teaching or administration, cybersecurity or Homeland Security, you won’t hear anyone regretting the work it took to get a PhD in Criminal Justice.

What Kind of Criminal Justice Doctorate Should I Get?

There are a lot of choices out there for the highest degree in the criminal justice field, depending on your career goals and your preferred specialization. Finding the right one for your needs means asking yourself some questions.

Do you want to:

Work in Teaching or Research? Then you want a PhD in Criminal Justice or Criminology. The PhD focuses heavily on theory, research, and writing, and a career teaching or doing research in academia, government, or the private sector, is the expected career path.

Work Directly in the Field? A Doctor of Science degree is focused on getting students to the highest level of technical expertise. Areas might include cybersecurity, forensics, criminology, or other highly technical criminal justice fields. A DSci can also qualify you to teach.

Work as an Administrator or Leader? A Doctor of Professional Studies is a professional degree (rather than an academic degree) usually focused on combining technical expertise with administrative and managerial leadership qualities.

Online PhD criminal justice programs have become much more common in the last decade, even at the doctoral level, particularly because in most cases people do not realize they want or need a doctoral degree until they’ve already been working in the field. After all, you don’t invest the time and energy into getting a doctorate if you’re not sure you want to work in criminal justice.

However, by the time you get to that point, you’ve also invested a lot into your job and can’t take the risk of leaving your position to go back to school full-time. You have bills to pay, after all. Colleges and universities know that, with a fully online or hybrid doctoral program, they can get more working professionals the education they need to get to the next step. Often, online programs are more affordable than traditional residential or on-campus programs as well.

What Career Paths are Open to a PhD in Criminal Justice?

Criminal justice is one of the most varied, diverse occupational fields, but we would narrow things down to five main career paths.

Academic Careers

A PhD in Criminal Justice or Doctor of Criminal Justice degree qualifies graduates to teach criminology and criminal justice at the college level, probably the most common reason to earn a doctorate. Criminal justice, criminology, and security are some of the fastest-growing fields, and that means universities and colleges are scrambling to start criminal justice programs, or expand their current programs to meet student demand. With more need for criminal justice professors, there is more opportunity for PhD criminal justice experts to take on teaching positions.

Criminal justice and criminology research is also increasing, not only in academic settings, but in partnerships between academia and private industry or government. Criminal justice PhD programs concentrate on research, and in most cases, the final part of a PhD program is a dissertation or original, in-the-field research project, so graduates are well prepared for professional roles doing research for any of these companies or agencies. Researchers in criminology and criminal justice may work in areas ranging from psychology to forensics, such as developing profiling tools, computer programs, or even methods of analyzing DNA for criminal investigation.

• Professor/Instructor
• Administrator (Department Chair, Dean, Chancellor)
• Writer (Textbooks, Criminal Justice Theory

Law Enforcement

Obviously, law enforcement is an evergreen career path – there is always a need for more police officers, investigators, and administrators to keep communities safe. A PhD in Criminal Justice, depending on the specialization or concentration, can give graduates the expertise to move into administrative roles in law enforcement; it’s one of the major reasons working professionals in the criminal justice field go back to school. A criminal justice PhD program will include courses in public policy, law, and government, giving future administrators the foundation for leadership in police departments and local government.

Other concentrations can prepare students for more investigative jobs, like forensics and criminal investigator or detective. With technology improving and expanding all the time, the BLS reports that, forensics is one of the fastest-growing sectors in law enforcement, and despite the excitement, there are still not enough well-trained, experienced forensics experts to fill the need. Criminal investigators, on the other hand, are some of the highest-paid and most respected members of the law enforcement community, and the in-depth experience and knowledge a criminal justice doctorate provides can help law enforcement professionals make that leap.

• Detective/Investigator
• Forensics Investigator
• Forensics Analyst (Cybersecurity, Laboratory Chief)
• Administration/Management

Federal and State Agencies and Government

The terrorist attacks on 9/11 started a boom in federal and state security agencies that has not slowed down in a decade and a half. Federal agencies like the Department of Homeland Security, the National Security Agency, the FBI, and even the IRS and Secret Service are always recruiting graduates and professionals with technical and analytical skills. Criminal Justice PhD programs can prepare professionals for a variety of career roles within government agencies, including policy analysis, forensics, investigation, management, and administration.

There’s no shortage of opportunities at the state level either. Every state has its own bureau of criminal investigation, revenue department, prisons and jails, and other agencies and organizations where a PhD in criminal justice could qualify you for leadership. While many state and local-level administrative positions in criminal justice are elected or appointed (such as attorney general in the federal or state department of justice), most middle-level positions are hired, so a PhD in criminal justice could be a stepping stone. And if you want to go into politics, having some real expertise wouldn’t hurt – although it’s by no means essential.

• Fraud Investigator
• Secret Service Agent
• Cybersecurity Analyst
• Policy Analyst

Private Security

If “private security” brings to mind a mall cop zipping around on a Segway, or a burly bodyguard pushing paparazzi away from a Hollywood star, think bigger. According to Forbes , worldwide, private security workers far outnumber official police forces, and the private security industry in the US is worth more than $200 billion. There are a lot of reasons for the growth of the private security industry, but one major driver is government contracting. It’s become increasingly common for the government to contract with private industry to meet security needs; private industry can often work more efficiently than government bureaucracy. It can also be cheaper for the government. From the War on Terror to security in national parks, the trend is toward privatization.

The bulk of private security growth, however, is due to the increasing demand for cybersecurity; as more and more of business is conducted online, there is a growing need to protect information and money from hackers. Cybersecurity analysts and technicians are plentiful, but still not up to job market demand (the BLS indicates a 28% growth in cybersecurity analysts, and current median income is well over $90,000 annually). But the supply of expert professionals to handle the administration of complex cybersecurity operations is definitely insufficient – and a perfect opportunity for professionals to earn a PhD or Doctor of Criminal Justice and step into the gap.

• Database Administrator
• Threat Assessment

It’s become a running joke that any time you see “consultant” on LinkedIn, it’s code for “unemployed.” And it’s probably true that “consultant” may be overused and abused by job-seekers trying to cover up their bad luck, but self-employed does not mean unemployed. In fact, for a professional with an entrepreneurial streak (and the guts to take some risks), consulting can be a rewarding experience. In the criminal justice and security sector, consultants are in high demand; every agency, no matter how large, at some point finds the need to hire outside expertise, whether it’s because they need someone with a niche specialization, or someone with experience that no one in the agency has.

There is no simple way to go into a consulting career; you’ll have to work in the field first. But if you have experience in the criminal justice field, earning your PhD or Doctor of Criminal Justice can give you the credentials to strike out on your own with your clients’ trust. A few qualities help:

• some area of expertise not many people have
• extensive experience in an in-demand area
• confidence and strong PR skills
• connections within the industry (ie. previous colleagues)

You may find yourself consulting for:

• private security firms
• government agencies (federal and state)
• local municipalities
• local police departments
• nonprofit organizations (such as substance abuse, social services, juvenile delinquency, etc)

It won’t be easy, and it won’t be quick, but a doctoral degree in criminal justice may be the most important 3-5 year of your professional life. A doctorate shows dedication, knowledge, and smarts, but above all, earning a PhD in criminal justice gives you the tools the make the most of your criminal justice career.

Embrace the convenience of online learning and shape your own path to success.

Explore schools offering programs and courses tailored to your interests, and start your learning journey today.

2024 Best Online PhD in Criminology [Doctorate Guide]

If you’re a criminal justice or social science professional interested in studying the causes and effects of crime, a PhD in Criminology could be the next step in your career development.

Working toward a doctoral degree, you’ll explore topics related to criminal activity, and you’ll also learn about research and data analysis. This degree program is relevant to the needs of today’s communities, and you’ll develop expertise that could make a real difference in the world around you.

Editorial Listing ShortCode:

Whether you hope to advance your career in research, academia, public policy, or criminal justice, this degree could be a strategic next step.

PhD in Criminology Programs Online

You care deeply about the topic of crime. You want to know why it happens, what can be done about it, and how it changes people and communities. Plus, you’re ready to continue your education. If you’re driven to learn as much as you can, you are probably interested in earning a doctoral degree.

A PhD in Criminology could be a strategic fit for you. In this program, you’ll have opportunities to study theoretical ideas about criminal behavior and consider the practical implications. You can also learn to design studies and test hypotheses so that you can become a skilled researcher in your field.

Topics commonly covered in a doctoral program in criminology include:

• Criminal profiling
• Criminal theories
• Data modeling
• Intersection of crime and social issues
• Justice system
• Law enforcement systems
• Prevention of crimes
• Quantitative and qualitative analysis
• Research methodologies

This isn’t the same field as criminal justice, but they are related. Often, colleges offer combined PhD programs that cover both criminal justice and criminology. It’s also possible that you could get your degree in criminal justice and choose a criminology emphasis.

Very often, PhD programs require students to complete a dissertation. That’s an extensive project that requires doing original research and writing a comprehensive paper. It may take several years to complete that portion of your program.

In addition to a dissertation, completing your PhD might also require passing a set of exams. Your dissertation project might not be the only research you do during your program. Some professors bring doctoral candidates on to help with their current research projects as well. That opportunity could help grow your knowledge and abilities, and it would also be a chance for you to work closely with an expert in the field.

In general, a PhD is a degree program focused on research and academia. Common career paths after graduation include being a professor, a criminology researcher, or a public policy analyst. Leadership in criminal justice organizations is another path to consider. Criminology expertise could be useful in crime scene investigation, law enforcement, and corrections.

Criminology Careers and Salaries

Getting your Ph.D. in Criminology could help prepare you for a career in academia. Your knowledge might be suitable for teaching in the sociology department or the criminal justice department.

Getting a tenured teaching role can be quite competitive. You might start as an assistant and move up the ranks over the course of several years. While working at a university, you may be able to do research in addition to your teaching responsibilities. Other people conduct research in other settings, such as working as a social scientist.

A criminologist is a type of sociologist, and sociologists often work for research institutions, schools, or government agencies. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , jobs in the category of life, physical, and social science have a median annual salary of $74,330.

These salary figures are based on national averages and can vary by employer, level of experience, and geographic region.

This degree could also be useful for a political science career. Ideas include being a lobbyist or a policymaker. For those who are really interested in politics, running for office—perhaps on a platform of making cities safer—could be an option as well. Perhaps you’d like to keep working in the field as a hands-on criminal justice practitioner.

Your skills could be useful in conducting private or criminal investigations, analyzing evidence, or leading law enforcement departments. You might also consider heading up community programs for crime prevention or victim support.

Doctor of Criminology Curriculum & Courses

Doctoral students are usually required to take a handful of core classes, and they may get to select a variety of additional courses that address their interest areas. Here are some example courses:

• Criminology Theories : You’ll explore current frameworks for thinking about criminal behavior and examine the research that supports those ideas.
• Data Analysis Methods : You’ll study modeling and other techniques for interpreting data and coming to reliable conclusions.
• Issues in Eyewitness Testimony : This class will grapple with the reliability of eyewitness testimony and discuss its appropriate role in the criminal justice system.
• Economic Factors in Crime : You could take a class that looks at how poverty and inequity can contribute to criminal behavior and discuss interventions that might reduce the risk.
• Issues in Policing : In a course on how law enforcement agencies operate, you might have opportunities to debate some of the most pressing and controversial issues in modern policing.
• Juvenile Justice : Perhaps you’ll study criminal activity among young people and discuss methods of prevention and reform.
• Legal System : You’ll build upon your undergraduate knowledge of the legal system as you study this topic at a more in-depth level.
• Prevention Strategies : During your time in this class, you’ll talk about ideas for reducing crime rates and deterring criminal behavior.
• Research Methods in Social Science : This course will teach you about ways to develop hypotheses and collect data.
• Working in Criminology : You’ll discuss the opportunities and responsibilities for professionals in the criminology field.

In addition to classes, you may also have one or more major research projects to complete, and there may be comprehensive exams as well.

D.Crim. Admissions Requirements

Doctoral programs often set specific requirements for the admissions process, and you’ll be required to submit all the requested items for consideration. Common criteria include:

• Bachelor’s degree transcripts
• GRE score (not required by all schools)
• Letters of reference
• Personal statement that outlines your interest in the program
• Sample of your research-based writing

Not all schools set the same requirements, so you may not need all the items on this list, or you may end up gathering additional documents. Some schools prefer your bachelor degree to be in a relevant major, such as sociology or criminal justice.

Accreditation

It’s beneficial to select a regionally accredited school for your criminology studies. Just like campus-based colleges, schools that offer online PhD programs in criminology can also receive accreditation.

A degree from a regionally accredited institution will garner respect. It’s likely to make you a more appealing candidate for many jobs, especially those in academia. Colleges highly value regional accreditation. It’s even possible that accredited coursework will transfer between colleges. Plus, if you have postdoctoral work in mind, it may be necessary to hold an accredited doctorate before applying to the program.

Financial Aid and Scholarships

Like many students, you may seek assistance in paying for a graduate degree. Doctoral students often have several options for assembling financial aid packages.

One of the primary forms of financial assistance is government aid, whether state or federal. Typically, there are loan programs for qualifying doctoral students. Grants aren’t as common for people pursuing doctorates. To learn whether you’re eligible for government support, you can fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) .

Scholarships and fellowships can make a difference as well. These might be administered by independent organizations, or they can come directly from the university. In fact, some colleges have full rides plus stipends available for doctoral students who assist with teaching or research.

Employers sometimes offer tuition benefits. You may be most likely to get workplace-based funding if your current job is related to criminal justice or criminology.

What Can You Do with a PhD in Criminology?

Academia is one of the primary career paths for people who have completed criminology doctoral programs. The goal might be to teach and do university research in a sociology, social science, or criminal justice department.

Working as a criminologist, which is a type of sociologist, could be an option as well since the field of criminology combines principles from criminal justice and sociology. Also, this degree can be useful for people who aspire to be supervisors and leaders in law enforcement or corrections.

Can You Get a Doctorate in Criminology Online?

A growing number of schools are offering the opportunity to study online to get your doctoral degree in criminology or a related field.

Formats for online programs vary. Yours may allow you to engage with class materials whenever it suits your schedule, or you may be required to log in for live sessions. The program might be fully online, or there may be some in-person requirements.

Studying online offers many of the same advantages as traditional programs. For example, you can learn about the latest research in the criminology field, engage with professors and classmates, and earn an accredited degree.

How Long Does It Take to Get an Online PhD in Criminology?

Students often spend 3 to 5 years earning a criminology doctorate. The length of your program may depend greatly on what’s required of you.

If your studies don’t include a dissertation, you will probably be able to get done faster, especially if you take online classes and enroll full-time. Online colleges often hold back-to-back course sessions throughout the year so that students can finish more quickly.

Dissertations add to the length of a program. The amount of time they take can vary greatly from one student to the next, but it’s common to spend several years on a dissertation.

What’s the Difference Between Criminal Justice vs. Criminology PhD Programs?

While criminal justice and criminology do have a lot in common, there are distinctions between them. Knowing the differences can help you select which degree to pursue.

In either program, you’ll study methods of research and data analysis.

Is a Doctorate Degree in Criminology Worth It?

Yes, a doctorate degree in criminology is worth it for many students. Criminologists offer valuable insights into why and how crime happens—and how communities can respond. That work has the potential to make the world a safer and more just place.

Employment for sociologists is expected to grow 5% over the next ten years (Bureau of Labor Statistics). Getting a PhD is an essential step in becoming a college professor. Jobs for postsecondary teachers will likely increase by 12% over the same period. If you hope to secure one of those roles, it’s necessary to have the education to match.

Universities Offering Online Doctorate in Criminology Degree Programs

Methodology: The following school list is in alphabetical order. To be included, a college or university must be regionally accredited and offer degree programs online or in a hybrid format.

The University of Arizona offers a Doctor of Psychology. Students who are interested in the study of crime and the justice system may find an ideal fit in the Criminology and Justice Studies specialization. Potential courses include Contemporary Criminological Theory, Juvenile Justice, and Mental Health and Crime. Graduates of the program often pursue careers in law enforcement or corrections.

The University of Arizona is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Washington State University offers a Doctor of Philosophy in Criminal Justice and Criminology. This program is intended for students who have already obtained a master’s degree in a related field. The program requires the completion of 72 credits. It can typically be completed in 3 years of full-time enrollment.

Washington State University is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.

Earning Your PhD in Criminology Online

You might have a bright future ahead of you as a criminology teacher, researcher, or practitioner. Earning a doctoral degree in criminology could help you achieve your goals.

You’ll not only study criminal theories at an advanced level, but you’ll also learn about research methods and statistical analysis. You can gain the tools and confidence to contribute to the body of research in the criminology field.

Accredited online programs offer a convenient approach to earning an advanced degree. If you’re ready for the challenge, you can start exploring the options for online criminology PhD programs today.

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Phd in criminal justice degree curriculum.

• Doctoral Writing Assessment
• Foundations of Doctoral Study
• History and Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice
• Policy and Analysis in Criminal Justice Systems
• Criminal Justice Leadership and Management
• Research Theory, Design, and Methods
• The Nature of Crime and Criminology
• Controversies in Criminal Justice
• Legal Research for Public Policy
• Advanced Quantitative Reasoning and Analysis
• Advanced Qualitative Reasoning and Analysis
• Dissertation

Top 20 Criminal Justice Doctoral Degree Programs

• University of Phoenix
• Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU)
• Purdue University
• Maryville University
• Indiana Wesleyan University (IWU)
• Capella University
• Rosemont College
• Utica College
• Sam Houston State University
• Liberty University
• University of Oklahoma-Norman Campus
• Florida International University (FIU)
• Bethel University
• American InterContinental University (AIU)
• Troy University
• Saint Leo University
• Bemidji State University
• Arizona State University (ASU)
• University of Cincinnati‎ (UC)
• University of South Florida

Best Jobs That You Can Get With an Doctoral Degree in Criminal Justice

NOTE: Career options below may require additional experience,training, or other factors beyond the successful completion of a PhD degree.

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Can I get a PhD in criminal justice?

Doctoral programs are not especially common, but there are several schools that offer both traditional and online doctoral programs. The reason doctorate programs are not as common as masters degrees is because the primary function of this degree is not to prepare students for any criminal justice jobs in the field, but to become a professor. Therefore, you should not expect your criminal justice salary to improve dramatically if you earn your PhD.

However, if you want to become a professor at a college or 4-year university, you need to do your research in order to find the best doctorate for you. If you are unsure whether you want to teach or research, you would do well to find a program where you can earn a masters degree on the way to your PhD. That way, if you decide that you do not want an academic job after a few years of study, you can leave your program with a masters degree.

What kinds of doctorates can I earn?

All doctoral programs result in a PhD. Top PhD in criminal justice programs will allow you to focus on concentrations within your subject area like crime control or justice administration. As you consider earning a PhD, keep in mind that you should only pursue this degree if you want to become a professor.

Since doctoral programs in general are very competitive, you will have a better chance of getting into accredited PhD programs if you have work experience in criminal justice or a related field, like psychology, sociology or criminology. And although most PhD programs do not require you to have a masters degree, if you have research experience you will have a stronger application.

How long does it take to earn a criminal justice PhD?

The exact amount of time that it takes to complete PhD programs can vary according to your school and whether you earn an online PhD in criminal justice or complete a traditional program. However, most students take 5 to 7 years to complete their degrees. Depending on the depth of your program, you may be expected to complete 72 to 90 credit hours in order to graduate.

What classes will I take in my PhD program?

Doctorate programs require students to take many advanced courses in different areas of the field. For instance, some courses that are likely to be included in your core curriculum are criminal justice theory, criminal justice organizations, statistics and research methods. You will also be able to choose a focus area in your program and you will take classes related to your concentration. For example, you could elect to take classes like gender studies, race and ethnicity, psychology or sociology.

Can I earn my PhD in criminal justice online?

Some schools do offer doctoral programs online. However, you are strongly cautioned not to enroll in any PhD programs that take place entirely online. There are several reasons for this. For 1 thing, PhD programs are intended to prepare students to become professors. Therefore, PhD students are expected to teach undergraduates while they study. But in online PhD programs, you will not have this opportunity.

Next, consider that getting a job as a professor is difficult and you will need recommendations from highly regarded faculty advisors who can speak to your teaching ability and the quality of your research. But your online professors will not be qualified to judge these criteria if they have never seen you in action or built a relationship with you.

However, you may be able to find some hybrid PhD programs, which combine online coursework with residencies of a substantial length. These programs allow you to research independently, but you can collaborate with your peers and professors. Although they are not ideal, hybrid programs are preferable to completely online PhD programs.

What kinds of jobs can I get with a doctorate in criminal justice?

If you earn a PhD, you will be qualified to teach at a university or college. Along with teaching, you will conduct academic research into issues of crime, crime prevention and the criminal justice system. If you would rather work in criminal justice administration, you should get a masters degree instead.

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